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1、形容词和副词的 比较级和最高级,Unit 4,形容词：是修饰名词（人或事物），表示名 词的性质，特征或属性一种词类。它在句中作定语、表语和宾语补足语。,副词：用来修饰动词、形容词及其他副词 的词叫副词。副词在句中多作状语.,一、形容词和副词的概念,形容词作定语一般放在被修饰 的名词之前。如:a new book,two big trees 等。,二、形容词和副词的用法,形容词放在系动词be、look、get、keep、turn、feel、become、seem、grow、smell等之后。如:1.I am short.2.She looks fine.3.They turn green.,如果
2、形容词修饰不定代词something,anything,everything,nothing等时，要放在不定代词后面。如:something interesting nothing new,副词放在所修饰的动词之后、形容词和副 词之前。如果前面是行为动词，则后面用副词。如:1.She works hard.（修饰动词）2.I am very busy.（修饰形容词）3.He runs too quickly.（修饰副词）4.We play happily.（修饰动词）,通常在形容词后加-ly变成副词。,slow _ real _usual _ careful_easy _ happy _hea
3、vy _ angry _,slowly,usually,easily,heavily,really,carefully,happily,angrily,单音节和少数多音节的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成分规则和不规则。变化如下：,双音节或多音节形容词和副词的比较级 和最高级的特殊情况：,1、一般是在原级前加more构成比较级，在原级前加most构成最高级。beautiful more beautiful most beautiful interesting more interesting most interesting dangerous more dangerous most dan
4、gerous 2、某些单音节形容词，加more,most 构成比较级和最高级。glad more glad most glad pleased more pleased most pleased tired more tired most tired often-more often-most often,不规则变化，要多加注意哦！,good bad many little,well badly much far,better,best,worse,worst,more,most,less,least,better,best,farther,farthest,worse,worst,more,
5、most,important _ _ easy_ _ wet_ _ happy_ _ careful _ _ thin _ _ good_ _ hot _ _ easily _ _ many_ _ nice _ _ big _ _heavy_ _delicious_ _much_ _,给出下列词的比较级和最高级,more important,most important,easier,easiest,wetter,wettest,happier,happiest,more careful,most careful,thinner,thinnest,better,best,hotter,hott
6、est,more easily,most easily,more,most,nicer,nicest,bigger,biggest,heavier,heaviest,more delicious,most delicious,more,most,三、形容词和副词的级,形容词和副词有三个等级：原级、比较级、最高级1.原级：即形容词和副词的原形。small,good,pretty,big,many hard,happily,slowly,quickly 程度副词very,too,so,quite等修饰形容词和副词的原级。如：very tall、too hot、so cold quite inter
7、esting run quickly,asas,(与一样）not as（so)as（与不一样）中间用原级。The story is as interesting as that one.The question is not as/so difficult as that one.,2.比较级：两个人或物之间的比较。表示“较”或“更一些”。标志词：than(比）单音节词通常是-er结尾；多音节或部分双音节词通常在之前加more.如:smaller,better,taller,older,more,harder more interesting,more quickly,3.最高级：三个或三个以
8、上的人或物之间 的比较。标志词：in+大范围,of all,of+the+具体的数字 表示“最”的意思。（两者以上用最高级）单音节词通常是-est结尾；多音节或部分双音节词通常在之前加most.在形容词的最高级前必须加the;副词之前可以不加。如：smallest,tallest,newest,best most interesting,most difficultly,Look at the pictures and understand 看图并理解,big,bigger,biggest,fast,faster,fastest,Look at the pictures and underst
9、and 看图并理解,Ge You is funny.Zhao Benshan is funnier.Pan Changjiang is the funniest of them.,肥肥-沈殿霞,100kg,heavy,the heaviest,Mr.Wang,Mr.Li,Miss Shen is heavy.Mr.Wang is heavier.Mr.Li is the heaviest of the three.,形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法,1.比较级+than，意思为“A比B更”。eg.This tree is taller than that one.2、as as:与一样；no
10、t as/so as:不及,比不上,中间用原型如：She is as beautiful as her sister.她跟她姐姐一样漂亮。The movie is not so/as good as we had expected.这部电影没有我们想象的那么好看。,3.“比较级+and+比较级”或“more and more+原级”表示“越来越”如：It becomes warmer and warmer when springcomes.春天来了，天气变得越来越暖和了。It is getting cooler and cooler.天气越来越凉爽。The wind became more a
11、nd more heavily.风变得越来越大。Our school is becoming more and morebeautiful.我们的学校变得越来越美丽。,4.Who/which+比较级，A or B?在含有or的选择疑问句中，如果有两者供选择，前面的形容词要用比较级形式。如：Who is taller,Tim or Tom?谁更高，Tim还是Tom?5.“the+比较级,the+比较级”，表示“越越”。The more money you make,the more you spend.钱你赚得越多，花得越多。The sooner，the better.越快越好。,6.表示倍数的
12、比较级用法：.A is times the size/height/length/width of B.如：The new building is three times the height of the old one.这座新楼比那座旧楼高三倍。(新楼是旧楼的四倍高).A is times as big/high/long/wide/large as B.如：Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。(亚洲比欧洲大三倍).A is times larger/higher/longer/wider than B.如：Our school
13、is twice bigger than yours.我们学校比你们学校大两倍。,最高级的表达方法,1、the+最高级+of/in如：He is the tallest students in our class.他是我们班最高的学生。2、Who/which+be+最高级，A,B or C?如：Which is the biggest city in China,Beijing,Shanghai or Hong Kong?哪个是中国最大的城市，北京，上海还是香港？,3、one of the+最高级+复数名词如：Changjiang is one of the longestrivers in
14、the world.长江是世界上最长的河流之一。4、the+序数词+最高级+单数名词如：Changjiang is the second longestriver in the world.长江是世界第二长河。,5、the+最高级+that sb.Have/hasever done如：This is the most excited film that Ihave ever seen.这是我所看过的最好看的电影。,More examples:1.Mary is cleverer than her little sister.2.The new building is higher than t
15、he old one.3.His shirt is more expensive than mine.4.Kate is more beautiful than Lily is.5.She is five years older than I am.6.He is 2 centimeters taller than her.7.This ruler is 20 centimeters longer than that one.,More examples:1.He is the youngest of all the children.2.This book is the most inter
16、esting of all books.3.America is the most developed country in the world.4.The Changjiang River is the longest river in China.5.He is one of the greatest scientists in China.6.The city is one of the most beautiful cities in the world.7.Lucy is one of the tallest girls in her class.8.Give my best wis
17、hes to you.9.He is my best friend.,形容词最高级的用法(in;of)那个短发的女孩是我们班最高的.今天是一年中最热的一天.他的房间是三个中最干净的一个.上海是中国最大的城市.,The girl with red hair is the tallest in our class.,Today is the hottest day of the year.,His room is the cleanest of the three.,Shanghai is the largest in China.,注意,1.The new building is higher
18、than the old one.,Those apples are bigger than these ones.,2.His shirt is more expensive than mine.,如果主语是物主代词+名词，那么后面要用名词性物主代词。,比较级必须在同类中进行，即人与人比，物与物比，而且比较结构前后的词语要对称，特别注意在than或 as 之后不要漏掉可能出现的替代词 that，those,one,ones.,注意,3.Kate is more beautiful than Lily is.She is five years older than I am.,I drink
19、more tea than he(does).,than前后句子的时态相同。通常用be动词情态动词can,may,must,could,should和助动词do,does,did,will，have等来简答。,4.I have more pens than you(do).,many,much,little,few等词必须带名词。,注意,5.The city is one of the most beautiful cities in the world.,one of+the+最高级+复数名词,Which/Who+比较级，A or B?Which/Who+最高级，A，B or C?,6.Wh
20、o is older,Jim or Tom?Who is the tallest,Jim,Mike or Tom,Which language is _,English,French or Chinese?A.difficult B.more difficult C.the most difficult,C,注意,7.Mary is the tallest of all the sisters in the family.,在使用形容词最高级时，一定要把自己包括 在比较的范围内。,8.This is the third largest city in China.,当表示“第二，第三”等意思时
21、，经常在最高级的前面加second,third,等词。,9.Its our largest machine in our factory.,当最高级前有物主代词修饰时，其前不加定冠词the.,3、表示在两者之间相差的程度用“具体数字+比较级+than+比较对象”。eg:The road is two metres longer than that one.这条公路比那条公路长两米。This pencil is four inches shorter than that one.这只铅笔比那只铅笔短四英寸。4、有些双音节和单音节形容词，既可以加er或est构成比较级和最高级，也可以加more 和
22、most构成比较级和最高级。friendly huge calm free true clever,5、形容词原级的比较。形容词的原级与asas连用表示肯定意思，是“和一样”的意思；与not as/so as连用表示否定意义，是“不如”或“不一样”的含义。She is as pretty as her mother.The book is as new as that one.The story is as interesting as that one.The question is not as/so difficult as that one.My bike is not as/so g
23、ood as yours.,6、形容词比较级的修饰。比较级前面可以用even(更加)，much(得多)，far(得多)，a little(一点)，a bit(一点)，a lot(大量)，still(还，还要)等词语表示不定程度或数量。eg:I am even less lucky.She is far better than me at writing.This pen is much better than that one.Tom is a little shorter than his friend Jim.,7.形容词的比较级+and+形容词的比较级（前后形容词是同一个）越来越She
24、is becoming thinner and thinner.Our country is becoming richer and richer.There are more and more students in our school.Living in the world is becoming more and more difficult.,8、the+形容词的比较级+the+形容词的比较级 表示“越，就越”The more you eat,the fatter you will be.The harder you study,the more you will get.The s
25、maller the house is,the less it will cost.The sooner,the better.,9、the+形容词比较级+of 短语 两者中比较的一个 She is the prettier of the two girls.The bike is the older of the two.His is the taller of the two.This one is the more beautiful of the the two picture.,10.表示“是的几倍”，用“倍数+as+原级+as”结构，或者“倍数+比较级+than”结构。eg:Thi
26、s classroom is three times as big as that one.This classroom is twice bigger than that one.,Make Comparisons,Write down the comparatives and the superlatives of these wordsbignicelongnewcheapyounglatesafethirsty heavyeasyhardhighfewoldthinexpensiveinterestingcarefullyquicklygoodbadlittlefarmany/much
27、,Follow ups(随堂练习),1、-Mr Zhou,all of the students in our group,who lives _?-I think Li Lei does.A.fat B.father C.farthest D.farest2、The Changjiang River is _ than any other river in China.A.shorter B.longer C.shortest D.longest3、Bob never dose his homework _ Mary.He makes lots of mistakes.A.so carefu
28、l B.as carefully as C.carefully as D.as careful as4、_ she is,_ she feels.A.The more busy,the more happy B.The busy,the happy C.Busier,happier D.The busier,the happier5、The weather is getting w_ a_ w_.(越来越糟糕),C,B,B,D D,orse and orse,。,Have a try，please。,1.Which do you like _(well),apples or oranges?2.Who is _(old),Jim or Tom?3.Jack is running _ and _(fast).4.Our country is becoming _and _(beautiful).5.He is _(tall)of the the two boys.,better,older,faster,faster,more,more beatiful,the taller,Good-bye,
