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1、2021年全国医学博士外语统一考试英语试卷试卷一(PaperOne)PartIListeningComprehension(30%)SectionADirections:Inthissectionyouwillhearfifteenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearaquestionaboutwhatissaid.Thequestionwillbereadonlyonce.Aideryouhearthequestion,readthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,Ca
2、ndD.ChoosethebestanswerandmarktheletterofyourchoiceontheANSWERSHEET.1.istentothefollowingexample.Youwillhear:Woman:Ifellfaint.Man:Nowonder.Youhaventhadabiteallday.Question:What,sthematterwiththewoman?Youwillread:A. Sheissick.B.Sheisbittenbyanant.C.Sheishungry.D.Shespilledherpaint.HereCistherightansw
3、er.SampleAnswerABDNowlet,sbeginwithquestionnumber1.1. A.Thewoman,sconditioniscritical.B. Thewomanhasbeenpickingupquitewell.C. Thewomansillnesswascausedbyamosquitobite.D. Thewomanwontseethedoctoranymore.B. A terrible cough.D. Eye problem.B. She is in good health.D. It,s good to visit the doctor.2. A.
4、Abrokenfinger.C.Frontalheadaches.3. A.Sheneedsaphysicalexamination.C.It,sgoodtohaveadoctorfriend.4. A.Hepreferstotakepillstogetantioxidants.B. Hepreferstogetantioxidantsfromfood.C. Hedoesntmindeatingaloteveryday.D. Heisovercautioussometimes.B. The blouse is too expensive.D. The blouse is so fashiona
5、ble.B. To take man,s offer.D. To try an agency.5. A.Theblouseisabargain.C.Theblouseiscolorful.6. A.Toqueueforaticket.C.Tobuyaticketonline.7. A.Shedisagreeswiththeman.8. Shecouldn,tagreewiththemanmore.9. It,shardforthemtofulfilltheirplans.D.It,simpossibletogetmoneyfromtheGatesFoundation.8. A. One min
6、ute.C. Half an hour.9. A. She is freezing cold.C. She has a headache.10. A. She can,t wait for the man.C. She will go to the USA with the man.11. A. A cold.B. Fifteen minutes.D. Five minutes.B. She is crazy about ice cream.D. She has brain fever.B. She is very eager to see the man.D. She expects the
7、 man to stay.B. A headache.D. Insomnia.C.Ahoarsevoice.12. A.TogotoSusanforadvice.B.TotrytothinklikeSusan.C.TobreakupwithSusan.D.TohaveadatewithSusan.13. A.Shewillbecomeafamoussingersoon.B.ShewillbecomeanAmericanidol.D. She will surely stand out from the crowd.B. To rest in bed as much as possible.D.
8、 To put on plaster.B. The American face cream.D. The medication.C.Shewillsignupforatalentshow.14. A.Totakeamonthoffwork.C.Totakesomeherbalmedicine.15. A.TheChinesefacecream.C.TheFrenchperfume.SectionBDirections:Inthissectionyouwillhearthreepassages.Aftereachone,youwillhearfivequestions.Aftereachques
9、tion,readthefourpossibleanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestanswerandmarktheletterofyourchoiceontheANSWERSHEET.PassageOne16. A.Whitebloodcellcount.B.Redbloodcellcount.C. X-ray.17. A. Too much work to do.C. Her daughters sickness.18. A. Leukemia.C. Immune disease.D.ECG8. A heavy load of studying.D. H
10、er insufficient income.B. Gastric ulcer.D. Gastric influenza.19. A.Takethewhitetabletsthreetimesaday.B.Takethecharcoaltabletsthreetimesaday.C.Takeoneortwowhitetabletsatatime.D.Taketwocharcoaltabletsaday.20. A.Stayoffwork.B.Drinkplentyofliquids.C.Eatalotofvegetablesandfruit.D.Postponeyourexercisewhen
11、sick.PassageTwo21. A.35million.B.34million.C.25million.D.20million.22. A.Author,professoranddreamer.B.Writer,professorandinsomniac.C.Author,psychologistandinsomniac.D.Dramatist,psychologistandscientist.23. A.Sleepingin8-hourconsolidatedblocks.B.Sleepingduringdaytime.C.Goingtobedsoonafterdark.D.Twobl
12、ocksof4-hoursleepwithawakingbreak.24. A.BecausetheyhaveUnnoticeablesleepingpatterns.B. Becausetheysleepverylittle.C. Becausetheyareinsensitive.D. Becausetheycan,tcomplain.25. A.Sleepishighlyvariable,andwearsoutwithage.B.Fallingasleepisagradualprocess.C.Sleepinglesswillhelpyouloseweight.D.Peopleneedt
13、osleepeighthoursaday.PassageThree26. A.Eight-year-olds.B.Twelve-year-olds.C.Seventeen-year-olds.D.Adults.27. A.TheuseoffMRLB.Theuseofcomputertasks.C.Thethree-waydivisionofthesubjects.D.Theinstructionsgiventothesubjects.28. A.12-year-oldsrespondstronglytonegativefeedback.B. 12-year-oldsfunctionthesam
14、eas8-year-olds.C. 8-year-oldsfunctionalmostthesameasadults.D. 12-year-oldsfunctionalmostthesameasadults.29. A.Notbad.B.Excellent.C.Notsogood.D.Gotitwrongthistime.30. A.Scientists.B.Thegeneralpublic.C.Teachersatthekindergarten.D.ChildrenwithAttentionDeficitDisorder.2021年全国医学博士外语统一考试英语试卷答案与解析PanIListe
15、ningComprehensionSectionA1. 【B此题考点为细节信息再现。女士问医生是不是好转了，医生回答说当然，故答案为B。选项C是干扰项，医生让女病人伸直手臂，并说会有向蚊子叮咬的刺痛，PriCk的含义是“刺痛”。2. 【C此题考点为细节信息再现。男士六个月前来看病是因为手指断了，今天来看病是因为头痛，故答案为C。D项为干扰项，男士在讲述病情时提到头疼，大概是眼周围的地方疼。3. C此题为细节信息再现。男士说需要体检时打个电话给他，免费的。女士回答说有个医生在身边很好，所以答案为C。4. 【B】对话中女士说抗氧化剂可以防癌，但她不想吃药未获取该物质。男士告诉女士可以从每天食物中获
16、取所需的抗氧化剂。因而答案是B。男士话语中的OntheSafeSide的含义是“安全可靠，稳妥5. 【B此题考点为推断。女士说花了8000元买了这件上衣。男士认为这是“ripOfT,这个词的含义是“骗人的东西”，他还提到时尚确实杀死女人。从上述信息可以推断出男士认为这件上衣太贵了，因此答案为B。6. C女士说春节PI家票很难买，男士建议她尝试网上(Online)购票。因此女士很可能会采纳这个建议。故本题选C。7. 【B】男士说基金会的资金会帮助实现他们的计划，女士说“Howcoulditnot”，意思是“肯定可以”，因此本题选B。该选项中“couldntagreewiththemanmore”
17、是比较级的特殊用法，“否定词+比较级”等于该词的最高级，即COUIdntagreewiththemanmore等于agreewiththemanmost,即“十分同意8. 【B】录音中提到1分钟、5分钟、半个小时、一刻钟，最后的肯定答案是aquarterofanhour,即15分钟。因此本题正确答案为B。9. C女士说：“太迟了，我刚已经受到了冰过头的疼痛。”由此可知，该女士遭遇到了吃冷冻食物时发生的疼痛，这也是“brainfreeze”的含义。故本题选C。10. B录音中女士说：“哇，我迫不及待想见你。Caiftwaittoseesb.的意思是“迫不及待想见某人因此本题正确答案为B。11.
18、(CJ男士说：“他嗓子嘶哑的原因是近期唾眠不好，并且很频繁地唱卡拉0K。”因此他嗓子撕哑的原因不是感冒。故本题选C。12. A录音中女士建议：Susan是Emily的好朋友，可以去找她了解一下。”因此本题正确答案为A。13. (CJ女儿想去参加“美国偶像”的比赛，父亲告知他要赢得比赛很困难，女儿表示44Wherethereisawillthereisaway,即有志者事竟成，暗含着她已经下定决心参加比赛。故本题正确答案为C。14. 【D】女士给了医生X光片，医生认为她需要一个月的休息(amonthoff),尽可能卧床休息(restinbedasmuchaspossible),还会开点草药(he
19、rbalmedicine)帮助其恢复。但并不需要打石膏(PIaSIer),因为没有那么严重，因此本题正确答案为D。15. B女士说因为用了比较昂贵的美国面霜(AmeriCanfaCeCream)后，皮肤就变粗糙(rough),并开始不断地长痘(SPO0。医生认为有可能她对这种面霜过敏(allergic),建议她立刻停止使用。因此本题正确答案为B。SectionBPassageOne16. 【A】根据医生的判断，病人的ECG十分正常(PerfeClIynorma1),X光片也没有问题，但是白血球数量很高(WhiteblOodCencountisratherhigh).因此本题答案为A。17. 【
20、D】病人很焦虑，因为她本人工作很忙，女儿也生病了，学习压力也很大。只有D(收入不足)不是她焦虑的原因，因此本题答案为D。18. C医生说病人的红细胞量高，证明身体正在跟病毒斗争，由此推理可知，病人可能是免疫系统出了点问题。故本题选C。19. A医生说，按照说明一天口服三次白色药片，而CharCOal药片则需要根据肠胃(b。WelS)的适应度来决定是服用一片还是两片，因此木题正确答案为A。20. D医生对病人的建议是：不能上班，大量饮水，多吃蔬菜和水果。只有“生病时延缓健身未被提及，故本题答案为D。PassageTwo21. 【A此题为细节信息再现题。文章中提到：Asmanyas35millio
21、nAmericansexperiencechronicinsomnia,所以答案为A。22. B此题为细节信息再现题。文章中提到：Inthesixyearsthatauthor,professorandlifelonginsomniacGayleGreenspentresearchingandwritingherbookinsomniac,答案为B。23. 【C此题为细节信息再现题。文章中提到：theressomeevidencetosuggestthatthissleeppatternmaybetheonemostintunewithourinherentcircadianrhythms.而
22、这里的IhiSsleepPaUem指的就是前一句话说的睡觉模式：Theydgotobedsoonafterdark,sleepforfourhoursthenwakeforanhourortwoduringwhichthey,dwrite,pray,smoke,havesexorevenvisitneighbors.因而符合这一睡觉模式的是C。24. 【D此题为细节信息再现题。文章中提到：insomniaisdefinedasa“complainl,“andsinceanimalscan,tcomplain,it,sdifficulttomeasureinthem,所以答案为D。25. A此题
23、可以用排除法，文章中提出五个常见的对睡眠的错误认识。B、C和D正是其中的三个，因而A为答案。PassageThree26. 【D】根据录音可知，与8岁左右的孩子比较起来，12岁的孩子能接受负面反馈并从错误中学习，成年人也会如此，但更有效率(moreefficiently)。因此，本题选D。27. C录音中有句话说得很清楚Thisthree-waydivisionhadneverbeenmadebefore”，即这种三个层次的分界以前从未有过。因此本题正确答案为C。28. BCrone博士和同事对结果也是大吃一惊，他们原木认为(hadexpecled)8岁孩子与12岁孩子的大脑工作方式会完全一致
24、，结果却不是。因此木题正确答案为B。29. 【A】从录音中可知，8岁的孩子在正面反馈的刺激下会做得更好。这也是他们与12岁孩子不一样的地方。故本题答案为A。30. C录音中提到,thisnewknowledgecanhavemajorconsequencesforpeoplewantingtoteachChikiren(这种新知识对想教孩子学习的人来讲有重要的意义)。因此本题正确答案为Co2021年医学考博录音原文PartIListeningComprehension(30%)SectionA1. M:WelIJustkeepyourarmstraightthere.Fine,therewil
25、lbealittlepricklikeamosquitobite.OK?Therewego.Ok,Iwillsendthatsampleoffandwe,llcheckit.Ifthesampleisok,wewontneedtogoonseeingyouanymore.W:Soyouthinkmgettingbetter?M:Absolutely.Q:Whatcanbeinferredfromtheconversation?2. W:It,sMr.Cong,isn,tit?M:That,sright.Isawyousixmonthsagowithabrokenfinger.W:Yes,ofc
26、ourse.Andisthatallhealingwell?M:It,sfine.W:Whatcanwedoforyoutoday?M:Well,vebeenhavingtheseheadachesinthefront,aboutmyeyes.Itstartedtwomonthsago.Theyseemtocomeonquitesuddenly,andIgetdizzyspellaswell.Q:Whatisthetroubleinthemannow?3. M:Whenyouneedahealthcheckup,justcallme.It,stotallyfree.W:It,sgreathav
27、ingadoctoraround.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?4. W:Weneedanti-oxidantstopreventourselvesfromdevelopingcancer,butIdon,tliketakingpillstogetit.M:Butyouneedtoeatamountainoffoodeverydaytogetalloftheanti-oxidantsyouneed.W:Idrinkalotofgreentea;Ieatonion,garlicandcitrousfood.Ialsogetninedifferentcolorsofvegetabl
28、eseveryday.M:Allthosedohaveanti-oxidants,but1wanttobeonthesafeside.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?5. W:Theblousecostmelike8000yuan.M:That,ssucharipoff.W:Ireallylikeit,thecolor,thedesign.M:Fashionreallykillswomen.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?6. W:mfindingitdifficulttogetthetraintogethomefortheSpringFestival.Lastyear,I
29、stoodfor24hoursfromBeijingtoChengdu.So,Ineedaseatthisyear.Anyideas?M:Youcantrygoingonline.Iknowthereareafewsitesthatoffertickets.W:That,sworththetry.Thanks.Q:Whatisthewomangoingtodonext?7. M:ThismoneyfromtheGatesFoundationwillhelpUSwithourplans.W:Howcoulditnot?Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?8. A:Howlongdoes
30、thepainlast?B:Justashortwhile.A: Aminute,5minutes,halfanhour?B: Oh,nothalfanhour?1. Howlongdoesitlast?8. Aboutaquarterofanhour.Q:Howlongdoesthemansaythepainlast?9. A:Don,teaticecreamsofast?8: Toolate.vealreadyhaveabrainfreeze.Q:whatdoesthewomanmean?10. A:HoneymleavingtonightandgettotheUnitedStatesat
31、7o,clocktomorrowmorning.B:Woo,woo,Ican,twaittoseeyou?Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?11. A:haveyougotacold?B:Nope,mhoarsebecauseIhavegotenoughsleeplatelyandhavebeensingingalotKTV.Q:Whatisthemansproblem?12. A:MenarefromMars,andwomenarefromVenus.It,sreallyhardformetounderstandEmily.B:SusanisthebestfriendofEmil
32、y,whydon,tyoupickherbrain.Q:Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?13. A:Dad,vedecidetosignupforAmericanIdolinordertobeafamoussinger.B:Oh,honey,don,tyouknowthatit,sreallyhardtostandoutfromthecrowd.A:Butwherethereisaroadthereisaway.Q:Whatistrueaboutthewoman?14. A:HereismyX-rays.B:IIjusthavealook.Everything
33、isOKexceptwhatyoucanseehere.Thereisahemi-fracture.It,snotveryserious,butyoushouldtakeamonthoffworkandrestinbedasmuchaspossible.llgivesomeherbalmedicinetohelpyouhealquickly.A: DoIneedtobeputinplaster?B: No,itisn,tnecessary.Q:Whichofthefollowingisnotamongthedoctorssuggestion?15. A:Myskinhassuddenlygon
34、eroughandred,andspotskeepbreakingout.IsthereanythingIcando?B:Haveyouusedanythingdifferentonyourface,orhaveyoubeenonanymedication?A: 1usuallyuseChinesefacecream,butonmybirthdayvegotsomeveryexpensiveAmericanfacecream.Itsmellsverynice.Iwonderifthatcouldbetheproblem.B: doyouhavethefacecreamwithyou?A:Yes
35、,hereitis.B:Itsmellsverystrong.Maybeyouareallergictotheperfumeinit.Isuggestyoustopusingitimmediately.Q:Whatmightbethecauseforthewomansskinproblem?SectionBDirections:Inthissectionyouwillhearonedialogueandtwopassages.Aftereachone,youwillhearfivequestions.Aftereachquestion,readthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C
36、andD.ChoosethebestanswerandmarktheletterofyourchoiceontheANSWERSHEET.Questions16-20arebasedonthefollowingdialogue.P:Hereismyresult,doctor.D:Haveaseat,andIet,shavealook.Well,yourECGisperfectlynormal,andthereisnoproblemwithyourX-ray,either.Butyourwhitebloodcellcountisratherhigh,whichiswhatIexpected,an
37、ditshowsyourbodyisfightingthevirus.P:IsthereanythinghereIcandosothatIcanfeelbetter,doctor?Iamreallybusyatworkthisweek.AndIhavealotofstufftodo,butIdontfeelopttoit.Alsomydaughterisstudyingbadand.D:Dontworry.It,sjustagainstthefeel.ButIwillgiveyousomemedicineforittomakeyoufeelbetter.Threetimesadaytaketh
38、ewhitetabletsasdirectedonthelabelaftermeals.Andforthe()tablets,takeoneortwodependingonhowsuitableyourbowelsare.P:IsthereanythingelseIcando,DoctorHunt?D:Iknowyouarebusy,butyoureallyshouldn,tgotowork.However,thatsuptoyou.Restasmuchaspossible,drinkplentyofliquid,andeatplentyofvegetablesandfruits.Rememb
39、er,anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway.Ifthereisnoimprovementafterthreedays,comebackandseemeagain.P:Thankyou,doctor.Questions:16. Accordingtothewomenstestresults,whichofthefollowingitemisabnormal?17. Whichofthefollowingisnotthereasonforthewoman,sanxiety?18. Whatisthedoctor,sdiagnosisofthewoman?19. Howdoes
40、thedoctorsaythemedicationsareadministeredforthewoman?20. Whichofthefollowingisnotoneofthesuggestionsbythedoctor?PassageOneQuestions21-25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Ourcultureisobsessedwithsleep,andthelackofit,yetmanyofusdon,tknowsomebasicfacts.Asmanyas35millionAmericansexperiencechronicinsomnia,an
41、dyetin2006only$20millionwasspentonresearch.Inthesixyearsthatauthor,professorandlifelonginsomniacGayleGreenspentresearchingandwritingherbookInsomniac.Shelearnedalmostallthereistoknowaboutsleepandthelackthereof.Herearefivecommonmythsabouthowwegetourshut-eyeandwhy:1. HumansNeedEightHoursSleepaNightTher
42、earemanywaysofsleepingandfewculturessleepineight-hourconsolidatedblockslikewedo.Untiltheindustrialera,manyWesternEuropeansdividedthenightintothefirstsleepandthesecondsleep.,They,dgotobedsoonafterdark,sleepforfourhoursthenwakeforanhourortwoduringwhichthey,dwrite,pray,smoke,havesexorevenvisitneighbors
43、.Infact,there,ssomeevidencetosuggestthatthissleeppatternmaybetheonemostintunewithourinherentcircadianrhythms.2. SleepIsn,tJustaBodilyFunctionSleepisabiological,physiologicalsystem,akintothecardiovascularsystem,thenervoussystemandsoon.Likeanyothersystem,itishighlyvariable,anditwearsoutandgetsmorefrag
44、ilewithage.3. AnimalsDontHaveSleepProblemsInsomniaoccursinanimalsandinsects,too,sortof.Technically,insomniaisdefinedasacomplaint,andsinceanimalscan,tcomplain,it,sdifficulttomeasureinthem.4. FallingAsleepIsaGradualProcessNopeInstead,formostpeople,itswitchesonandofflikealightswitch.Butforinsomniacsand
45、narcoleptics,theswitchdoesn,tworkquitewell.Insteadtheyinhabitthespaceinbetween-neverentirelyawake,norentirelyasleep.5. SleepingLessBurnsMoreCaloriesIntheshortterm,yes,butsleepinglessprobablywon,thelpyouloseweight.Lackofsleepsuppressesournaturalappetite-depressants,whilefuelingappetite-increasers,oft
46、enleadingtoweightgain.21. Accordingtothetalk,approximatelyhowmanyAmericanssufferchronicinsomnia?22. WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeGayleGreen?23. Whichofthefollowingsleepingpatternsmightbethemostintunewithourinherentbiologicalsystem?24. Accordingtothetalk,whyisitdifficulttomeasureinsomniainanimal
47、s?25. Accordingtothetalk,whichofthefollowingistrue?PassageTwoQuestions26-30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Eight-year-oldchildrenhavearadicallydifferentlearningstrategyfromtwelve-year-oldsandadults.Eight-year-oldslearnprimarilyfrompositivefeedback,whereasnegativefeedbackscarcelycausesanyalarmbells,toring.Twelve-year-oldsarebetterabletoprocessnegativefeedback,anduseittolearnfromtheirmistakes.Adultsdothesame,butmoreefficiently.DrEvelineCroneandhercolleaguesfromtheLeidenBrainandCognitionLabusedfMRIresearchtocomparethebrainsofthreedifferentagegroups:childrenofeightto
