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1、面向中小企业国际工业分包和知识产权的服务模式 Service Model of International Industrial Subcontracting and Intellectual Property for SMEs,概要 Outline,一、促进中小企业国际工业分包的服务模式 Promotion in the service model of international industrial subcontracting for SMEs 中国中小企业参与国际工业分包的背景 The background of SMEs involving in international ind
2、ustrial subcontracting in China 国际工业分包中国联盟China Alliance of International Industrial Subcontracting 国际工业分包在中国的发展Development of international industrial subcontracting in China,二、推动中小企业知识产权发展的主要做法The main approaches to promoting the development of intellectual property in SMEs 中小企业知识产权现状Current situa
3、tion of intellectual property in SMEs 推动中小企业知识产权发展的主要做法The main approaches to promoting the development of intellectual property in SMEs,一、促进中小企业国际工业分包的服务模式Promotion in the service model of international industrial subcontracting for SMEs,1.中国中小企业参与国际工业分包的背景 The background of SMEs involving in inter
4、national industrial subcontracting in China1）世界产品的生产转移到低成本的发展中国家 Production of world products has been transferred to low-cost developing countries 工业分包是当前制造业发展具有全球化时代特征的主要趋势 Industrial subcontracting is the main trend of the development of current manufacturing with a global characteristics of the
5、times.,联合国工业发展组织所界定的工业分包（industrial subcontracting）的概念，是在国际贸易中，主流发包商（一般为国际大型成套设备制造商）将部分设备、零部件乃至原材料的生产或采购任务交由分包商完成，并在分包商所完成的任务基础上形成最终产品的过程。“工业分包”在国内被称为“行业配套”或“协作生产”。Industrial subcontracting,defined by United Nations Industrial Development Organization(UNIDO),is a process that major contract provider
6、s(the international large scale complete-set equipment manufacturers in general)give the task of some of the equipment,parts and even raw materials production or procurement to sub-contractors,and then complete the final production on the basis of sub-contractors work in the international trade.Indu
7、strial subcontracting is called“industrial supporting”or“collaborative production”in China.,但现代工业分包又不是一种简单的采购贸易关系，其核心内容体现在上游的国际主流发包商（采购商）与下游的分包商（供应商）之间所形成的长期而稳定的合作伙伴关系上。这是一种国际上通行的贸易形式，对于促进全球工业资源在技术、成本、人力方面的优化组合发挥着重要性的作用。But modern industrial subcontracting is not a simple procurement trade relations
8、,its core content reflects the long-term stable partnership between upstream international major contract providers(buyers)and downstream sub-contractors(suppliers).This is an internationally accepted trade form,which plays an important role in promoting optimization of global industry resources in
9、technology,cost,and manpower.,自20世纪90年代以来，联合国工业发展组织在全球范围内建立和推广国际工业分包中心（SPX）（以下简称“SPX中心”）。国际工业分包中心是以统一模式、统一编码和统一运作的技术信息网络服务平台，也是联合国工业发展组织在世界各地推行现代工业分包合作伙伴关系的项目管理机构。Since the 1990s,United Nations Industrial Development Organization has established and promoted SPX（The followed are called SPX Center fo
10、r short）in the worldwide scope.SPX is a technical information network service platform with unified model,code and operation,and is also a project management agency that promotes the partnership in modern industrial subcontracting everywhere.,工业分包主要国家：印度、墨西哥、中国 Major industrial subcontracting countr
11、ies:India,Mexico,China如：劳动成本，一个普通会计美国8万美元，印度1.5万美元，中国1.5万RMB。For example:labor costs,a common accountant earns 80,000 dollars in America,15,000 dollars in India,and 15,000 RMB in China.,2）中国中小企业的生产制造能力不断提升 Manufacturing abilities of SMEs in China is rising.A、得益于政府搭建，若干中小企业搭建 服务平台 Thanks to the servi
12、ce platform built by government and a number of SMEs 产品设计、检测检验等 Product design,inspection and testingB、劳动力素质的提升 Improvement of labor quality 都是有知识的群体 Groups of knowledgeC、产业集群的力量 Strength of industry clusters,3）跨国公司产品的产业链发展 The development of the industrial chain of multinational companies products
13、A、社会工业化分工协作的好处 Benefits of social industrial division of labor and cooperation 两头在内中间在外 Inside two edges,outside the middle B、整合资源的功效 The effects of integration of resources 整合产业链上下游 Integration of the upstream and downstream industry chain C、现代管理升华 Sublimation of modern management 既管理内部又协调外部 Intern
14、al management and external coordination,4）中小企业信息不对称 Asymmetry of SME information A、中国中小企业国际化程度较低 Low degree of internationalization of SMEs in China B、中小企业产品出口环节多 Too many export links of SMEs products C、供方找不出需方，需方不知道供方 Supply-side can not find demand-side,and demand-side do not know supply-side.,2.
15、国际工业分包中国联盟 China Alliance of International Industrial Subcontracting1）联盟发展现状 The current situation of alliance development 工业分包业务联盟（以下简称联盟），遵照工发组织SPX（SUBCONTRACTING AND PARTNERSHIP EXCHANGES）项目运作模式，由中国地方（区域）与行业生产力促进中心自愿组成的全国性协作组织，是一个业务联盟。Industrial Subcontracting Business Alliance(The followed are c
16、alled Alliance for short)is a business alliance which conforms to UNIDO SPX（SUBCONTRACTING AND PARTNERSHIP EXCHANGES）project operational mode with the characteristics of national collaboration voluntarily composed of the local(regional)government and corresponding industry productivity centers.,国际工业
17、分包与合作交流中国联盟成立于2007年3月29日，是在国家科学技术部的领导下、由中国区域与行业生产力促进中心组成的、为推行国际工业分包与合作交流的全国性业务协作组织。联盟遵照联合国工业发展组织SPX项目的运作模式，面向中国中小企业开展信息、技术、商务、展会等服务。The China Alliance of International Industrial Subcontracting and Partnership Exchange was established in March 29th,2007.It is a national business collaboration led by
18、 Ministry of Science and Technology and composed of the local(regional)government and corresponding industry productivity centers to implement the international industrial subcontracting and partnership exchange.The Alliance conforms to operational mode of UNIDO SPX and provides information,technolo
19、gy,business,exhibition and other services to SMEs in China.,目前联盟共有成员单位二十五家，主要覆盖现代工业制造、光电子制造、航空航天、汽车零部件制造、集成电路、化工装备制造、软件外包、生物制药、日用五金、家用电器、服装、制鞋等行业。Now the alliance consists of twenty-five members.It mainly covers the modern industrial manufacturing,optoelectronics,aerospace,automotive parts manufactu
20、ring,integrated circuits,chemical and equipment manufacturing,software outsourcing,bio-pharmaceuticals,household hardware,household appliances,clothing,footwear and other industries.,西安生产力促进中心 Xian Productivity Promotion Center 中机生产力促进中心 Zhongji Productivity Promotion Center泉州市生产力促进中心 Quanzhou Produ
21、ctivity Promotion Center 宁波市生产力促进中心 Ningbo Productivity Promotion Center上海浦东生产力促进中心 Shanghai Pudong Productivity Promotion Center 长沙生产力促进中心 Changsha Productivity Promotion Center济南生产力促进中心 Jinan Productivity Promotion Center 江苏省生产力促进中心 Jiangsu Productivity Promotion Center青海省生产力促进中心 Qinghai Productiv
22、ity Promotion Center,河南省生产力促进中心 Henan Productivity Promotion Center新疆生产力促进中心 Xinjiang Productivity Promotion Center 甘肃省生产力促进中心 Gansu Productivity Promotion Center新疆昌吉生产力促进中心 Xinjiang Changji Productivity Promotion Center 吉林省生产力促进中心 Jilin Productivity Promotion Center沈阳高新技术生产力促进中心 Shenyang High-tech
23、Productivity Promotion Center皮革和制鞋行业生产力促进中心 Leather and Footwear Industry Productivity Promotion Center工业与日用电器行业生产力促进中心 Industrial and Household Appliances Industry Productivity Promotion Center武汉东湖新技术开发区生产力促进中心 Wuhan Donghu New Technology Development Zone Productivity Promotion Center,联盟工作牵头单位：Alli
24、ance leading-unit:科学技术部火炬高技术产业开发中心（生产力促进中心协会）Ministry of Science and Technology Torch High Technology Industry Development Center(Productivity Promotion Center Association)也是联盟秘书处常设办公地 Also the permanent seat of Alliance secretariat.,联盟宗旨 The aim of the alliance 充分利用国内外的资源渠道，发挥中国生产力促进中心体系的作用，帮助广大的中小
25、企业按照国际惯例优化生产模式，同时，引导中国企业加强开展国际合作，增强中国企业的产业竞争力，促进中国中小企业尽快融入世界经济，提升其在国际产业供应链中的地位。The aim of the alliance is to make full use of domestic and foreign resource channels,to play the role of China Productivity Promotion Center system,and to help SMEs optimize their production model in accordance with inte
26、rnational practice.At the same time it needs to guide enterprises in China to strengthen international cooperation,to improve their industrial competitive power,to fasten the steps of SMEs in China into the world economy,and to enhance its status in the international industrial supply chain.,工作目标 Ta
27、rgets 探索与建立一种开放性的信息交换网络平台;To explore and establish an open network platform for information exchange;发挥全国生产力促进中心体系的资源优势;To take advantage of resources edge of the National Productivity Promotion Centre system;加速实现国际工业分包与合作交流在中国进程；To accelerate the process of international industrial subcontractingan
28、d partnership exchange in China;帮助中国企业学习、借鉴全球工业分包及供应链网络的管理经验和技术;To help Chinese enterprises learn and draw on the management experience and technology from the global industrial subcontracting and supply chain network;分享SPX平台获得的市场产品需求等信息;To share the information from SPX platform such as market dema
29、nd for products;,在提高中小企业自身的核心竞争能力的同时，To enhance their core competitive power of SMEs,使中国企业在经济全球化进程中获得更多的赢利机会;To make Chinese enterprises get more profitable opportunities in the process of economic globalization;进一步提升中国中小企业在全球供应链中的整体地位；To enhance the overall status of Chinese SMEs in global supply c
30、hain;同时，随着工业分包与合作交流这种新的合作模式的建立，形成新的服务理念与业务模式，提升生产力促进中心的服务能力。To form new service concepts and business models with the establishment of the new cooperative mode of the industrial subcontracting and partnership exchange,and in turn to enhance the service capabilities of Productivity Promotion Center.,
31、2）主要业务模式 Main business model 资源配置 Allocation of resources 人员要求 Personnel requirements 项目执行经理一名 A project executive manager产业工程师两名 Two industrial engineers负责企业调查和拜访 In charge of business surveys and visits负责数据库等 In charge of database行政助理/秘书一名 An administrative assistant/secretary,办公条件 Working conditi
32、ons 办公空间（至少三间）和家具 Offices(at least three rooms)and furniture三台电脑和一台打印机，互联网接入 Three computers and a printer,internet access电话、传真、复印机 Telephones,a fax,a copier专用汽车用于企业拜访 A motor vehicle for business visits only其他相关办公用品和宣传品 Other relevant office supplies and literature,国际工业分包业务运作资金的来源：在分包合同中不收取中介费，所有运行
33、资金主要来源于政府支持、商会捐赠、会员经费和资助以及为会员提供的各种培训、参展、企业整顿管理等服务。The source of business operational funds for international industrial subcontracting:There is no commissions in the sub-contract.All business operational funds mainly come from government support,trade union donations,membership fees and endowment,an
34、d service charges for various trainings,being exhibitors,and enterprises restructuring management as well.,收集、分析、储存和组织有关企业的生产、加工能力的信息，按照UNIDO的统一代码模式录入数据库To collect,analyze,store and organize information about the enterprises producing and processing capacity,and then input the information into datab
35、ase in accordance with UNIDO unified code pattern,工作模式 Working Mode,充分了解承包商合作方面的信息和需求，寻找国内外潜在的发包商、购买商或主承包商，为分包商提供机会To fully understand contractors information and requirements in terms of cooperation，to look for potential contract providers,purchasers,or the main contractor at home and abroad，and to
36、 provide opportunities for the sub-contractors.帮助本地企业形成产业集群和协作，提高核心竞争力，协助沟通和商业谈判及其他相关服务To help local enterprises formulate industrial clusters and collaboration,to improve core competitive power and to assist in communications and business negotiations and other related services.,工作流程图 Work Flow Cha
37、rt,CSPX中心CSPXCenter,本地CSPX中心Local CSPX Center,CSPX中心CSPXCenter,CSPX中心CSPXCenter,CSPX中心CSPXCenter,联盟服务器，由各CSPX中心更新Union server updates by CSPX Center,一家发包商寻找分包商A outsourcer searches forsubcontractors,将收集的信息输入本地CSPX数据库并经常更新The collected information is input into local CSPX database and updated continu
38、ously.,一家分包商寻求合作A subcontractor seeks for cooperation,采集企业信息Enterprise Information Collection,本地数据传输联盟数据库中Local data is transferred to union database,搜寻相关的信息Search for related information,CSPX节点中心会员加入流程 Process of Acquiring CSPX Node Center membership,发出邀请/提出申请Invitation/application,完成表格申请Completion
39、 of application forms,审核评估Audit and assessment,成为会员企业Member enterprises,签订协议Agreement,服务与管理Service and management,分包订单匹配工作流程Sub-order Matching Workflow,订单获取Getting orders,订单分析Analyzing orders,订单管理Managing orders,订单发布Posting orders,订单匹配Matching orders,实施支持Implementing support,对接反馈Docking Feedback,调研,
40、咨询和诊断 Research,consulting and diagnosis与数据库相关的增值服务 Value-added services related to the database产品设计,流程改造,设备管理及创新等技术支持 Technical support such as product design,process improvement,equipment management and innovation,服务方式 Service mode,帮助改进质量管理,通过标准认证 To improve the quality of management,and pass the s
41、tandard certification;参加国内和国际展会和商业论坛 To participate in domestic and international exhibition and business forum;财务信用调查等 To investigate financial credit;培训(团队,人力资源,财务,物流等)To train(team,human resources,finance,logistics,etc.);法律顾问(合同,行为准则和国际规范,争端)To counsel in terms of laws(contracts,codes of conduct
42、and international norms,disputes);,创造就业机会 To create employment opportunities合理配置生产资源 To allocate productive resources rationally提升区域企业核心竞争力 To enhance the core competitive power of regional enterprises,对区域经济发展的作用 To play role in regional economic development,促进中小型企业和其他经济部门的协调发展 To promote the coordi
43、nated development of SMEs and other economic sectors促进进口产品的本地化生产 To promote local production of imported products促进技术转移 To promote technology transfer促进出口 To promote exports吸引国外投资 To attract foreign investment,3）主要工作成就 Main achievements 搭建起了覆盖全国20几个省市的联盟组织网络体系 The allied organization network system
44、has been built up covering 20 provinces and cities in China.完成了所有会员单位的工业分包专业技术培训 All member units have been trained professionally in the industrial subcontracting skills.,建设了联合国工业发展组织国际工业分包与合作交流（SPX）西安中心网站，。UNIDO International Industrial Subcontracting and Partnership Exchange(SPX)Xian Center Web S
45、ite has been built up,/.建设了国际工业分包与合作交流电子商务平台,。The International Industrial Subcontracting and Partnership Exchange e-commerce platform has been built up,http:/.,探索出了符合我国产业实际的国际工业分包业务运行模式。The international industrial subcontracting business operational mode in line with our industry practice has been
46、 explored.制定出了运行标准和规范。Operation standards and norms have been formulated.开展了广泛的行业和产业产能信息的调查，面向小企业开展广泛的工业分包推广宣传。A wide range of surveys into industry and industrial production information and a wide promotion of industrial subcontracting to small enterprises have been carried out.,组织举办或组织企业参加各种行业或专业的
47、国际性的会展。广泛与国际采购商对接联系，扩大国际订单的来源。Enterprises are organized to hold or participate in a variety of industries or professional international exhibition so as to contact with international buyers widely and expand the sources of international orders.为企业提供报价超过1亿美元的订单信息,帮助企业为承接订单，与采购商进行订单匹配与合作洽谈。Enterprises
48、 are offered with order information of more than 100 million U.S.dollars,which helps them take and match orders,and proceed cooperation talks with the buyers.,主要业绩（截至2009年）Main results(Until 2009)完成企业考察 6178家 The study of 6178 enterprises is completed.入库企业数 45390家（标准信息5181家）The storage number of ent
49、erprises is 45390(The number of standards information enterprises is 5181)开发采购商 1037 家 The number of development buyers is 1037.参加各种展会 320次，参与人数10404人 Various exhibitions:320 participants:10,404 举办业务培训394次，参与人数5325人 Business training:394 participants:5325,开展宣传416次 Publicity:416承接国内订单信息 646笔，金额约13737
50、万人民币Information of domestic orders:646 Amount of money:137.37 million RMB.承接国际订单信息716笔，47338万人民币，52565万美元Information of international orders:716 Amount of money:473.38 million RMB,525.65 million dollars.成功匹配国内订单38笔，成交额8076万人民币；国际订单26笔，成交额2040万人民币；26500万美元；56万欧元 Domestic orders successfully matched:3
