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1、主从复合句,六大从句的位置,主语从句：位于句首，与主句没有逗号隔开状语从句：1、位于句首，与主句有逗号隔开 2、位于主句后，一般无逗号隔开宾语从句：位于及物动词或介词的后面表语从句：位于联系动词的后面定语从句：位于名词后面或主句后同位语从句：位于某些抽象名词后面,主从复合句,连接词用法区别,wh(h)-单词与that,if等,who,whom,whoever,what,whatever,which,whichever,where,wherever,when,whenever,why,how,however,whose,whosever,whether,that,if，while,用法分类,1、
2、用于连接主语从句的词有：what,whatever,who,whoever,that,whether.2、连接状语从句的词有：where,wherever(no matter where),when,whenever(no matter when),why,how,however(no matter how),whatever(no matter what),whichever(no matter which),while等,3、连接宾语从句的词有：who,whom,whoever,what,that,whatever,which,whichever,where,wherever,when,w
3、henever,why,how,however,whose,whosever,if,whether4、连接表语从句的词有：who,whom,whoever,what,that,whatever,which,whichever,where,wherever,when,whenever,why,how,however,whose,whosever,等,5、连接同位语从句的词有：that,whether，有时也用who,whom,whoever,what,whatever,where,wherever,when,whenever,why,how,however,whose,whosever6、连接定
4、语从句的词有：who,whom,which,that,where,when,why,whose.,注意：1、which带名词性从句表示的意思是哪一个、哪一些，在句中作定语，一般后接名词说明其特征;但带定语从句时指代事物，在句中作主语或宾语：I dont know which dress is hers.That is the house which he bought ten years ago.2、不带定语从句的词有：what,how,whether,if,疑问词+ever,名词性从句 1.that 与 what 2.if 与 whether 3.whether(if)与that的区别 4.
5、no matter who与whoever,关联词的区分,1.用that 或what 填空,1.I wonder if this is _you are looking for.2.Our school is quite different from _ it was before.3.Father made a promise _ if I passed the examination he would buy me a computer.,4._ I cant understand is why he has changed his mind.5._ the earth is round
6、is known to us all.,what,what,that,What,That,That引导名词性从句只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分，无意义，在宾语从句中常可省略，但在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中均不能省略；what除引导从句外还在从句中作主语或宾语，意为“所的（东西）”，在含义上等于“名词+that”,归纳：,1）_ you dont like him is none of my business.A.What B.Who C.That D.Whether,Practice,2)_ he said at the meeting astonished everybody pr
7、esent.A.What B.That C.The fact D.The matter 3)Theres a feeling in me _ well never know what a UFO is-not ever.(s2002）A.that B.which C.of which D.what,2.用if 或whether 填空,1.I dont know _ Ill be free tomorrow.2.I dont know _ or not Ill be free tomorrow.3.The question is _ this book is worth writing.,4.I
8、t depends on _ we will have enough money.5._they can do it matters little to us.6._ you are not free tomorrow,Ill go without you.,whether/if,whether,whether,whether,Whether,If,归纳:,两者均可用于及物动词后引导宾语从句表示“是否”，常可互换。但除此之外，其他情况下表示“是否”时，通常要用whether而不用if。如：用于引导主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句；直接与or not连用；用于不定式前；用于介词后,1._ the
9、2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.A.Whenever B.If C.Whether D.That 2._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where,whether(if)引起的从句其内涵是一个疑问，而that引用表达的是一个事实。比较：People doubt whether the statement is true or not.I dont doubt that the statement
10、 is true.,3.whether(if)与that的区别,名词性从句的that与定语从句的that,that引导名词性从句只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分(不做主语或宾语)，无意义，在宾语从句中常可省略，但在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中均不能省略；that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语或宾语，指代先行词中的人或物。特别要注意同位语从句的that与定语从句的that,同位语从句和定语从句比较练习,1 I heard about the news he got a full mark in this examination.2.This is good news I heard from
11、 Mary.3.He cant answer the question he got the money.4.This is an easy question he answered in class.,that,（同位语从句）,that,（定语从句）,how,（同位语从句）,that,（定语从句）,用连接词填空。1.The problem _ he cant come to help us worries us a lot.2.I have no idea _ he will return.3.I have no information _ he went camping last Sund
12、ay.4.He expressed the opinion _ Tom should be made manager of the factory.5.Theres no doubt _ he was killed in the accident.,that,when,where,that,that,6.Theres great doubt _ he did so or not.7.He told me the news of _ house had just been burned down.8.Word came _ the President of the USA would inspe
13、ct the army.,whether,whose,that,主语从句的引导词-定语从句的引导词（7）与定语从句的转化whoever-anyonewho whomever-anyonewhom whosever-anyonewhose whichever-anyonewhich whatever-anythingthat what-先行词+which/what(8)与状语从句的转化 主语从句的引导词-状语从句的引导词 主whoever-nomatterwho 语whomever-nomatterwhom 从whosever-nomatterwhose 句whichever-nomatterwhich whatever-nomatterwhat,
