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1、Crack the confusing items concerning tenses,突破时态易混点,Humourous Moments,The Father and His SonFather:You know,Tom,when Lincoln _(be)your age,he _(be)a very good pupil.In fact,he _(be)the best pupil in his class.Tom:Yes,Father.I _(know)that.But when he _(be)your age,he_(be)Presidentof the United States
2、.,was,was,was,was,was,know,Who Is the Laziest?Father:Well,Tom,I asked your teacher today,and now I want to ask you a question.Who is the laziest person in your class?Tom:I dont know,Father.Father:Oh,yes,you do!Think!When the other boys and girls are reading and writing,who sits in class and only wat
3、ches how the other people work?Tom:Our teacher,father.,I)一般现在时,II)一般过去时,III)现在进行时,IV)过去进行时,V)现在完成时,VI)现在完成进行时,VII)过去完成时,一、对一般现在时的考查1.考查其基本概念：一般现在时表示一个习惯性、经常性的动作。常与表示习惯的副词always,every time,now and then,occasionally,often,seldom,sometimes,usually 等连用。但近几年，对一般现在时的考查常用过去时态或现在完成时态对考生进行干扰。1)Months ago we
4、sailed ten thousand miles across the open sea,which _the Pacific,and we met no storm.was called B.is called C.had been called D.has been called,2.考查一般现在时的替代用法：在以when,till/until,as soon as,by the time,after,before等引导的时间状语从句，在以if,unless,once等引导的条件状语从句和以no matter,however,even if 等词引导的让步状语从句中，如果主句中的动词用一
5、般将来时，从句中的动词通常用一般现在时或现在完成时代替一般将来时。What would you do if it _ tomorrow?We have to carry it on,since weve got everything ready.A.rain B.rains C.will rain D.is raining,二、对一般过去时的考查一般过去时表示在过去某时某刻发生的动作或存在的状态，它常与表过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday,last year,last night,the other day,just now,then,two days ago,in 1999,at th
6、at time等。但是一般过去时也经常用在没有说明过去的时间状语的句子中，这是高考的命题方向。I bought a new car three days ago.More than a dozen students in that school _ abroad to study medicine last year.A.sent B.were sent C.had sent D.had been sent,三、对现在进行时的考查由上下文语境表示时间。1)Whats the terrible noise？The neighbors _ for a party.A.have prepared B
7、.are preparing C.prepare D.will prepare2)Because the shop _,all the T-shirts are sold at half price.has closed down B.closed down C.is closing down D.had closed down3)Are you still busy?Yes,I _ my work,and it wont take long.Ajust finish B.am just finishing Chave just finished D.am just going to fini
8、sh,4)Since I won the big prize,my telephone hasnt stopped ringing.People _ to ask how I am going to spend the money.phone B.will phone C.were phoning D.are phoning5)Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology _ so rapidly.is changing B.has changedC.will have changed
9、D.will change,四、对过去进行时的考查I was walking down the street when it began to rain.,When it began to rain,I was walking,now,1.把过去进行时放在when,while,as 等引导的时间状语从句中考查。如果主句谓语和从句谓语都发生在过去，动作时间长的用过去进行时，表达谈话背景；动作时间短的用一般过去时，表达新的信息。You were out when I dropped in at your house.Oh,I _ for a friend from England at the a
10、irport.（2004年福建卷）A.was waiting B.had waited C.am waiting D.have waited,2.把过去进行时放在某特定的语境中考查。Has Sam finished his homework today?I have no idea.He _ it this morning.（2004年全国卷）A.did B.has done C.was doing D.had done3.考查过去进行时与一般过去时的比较。Shirley _a book about China last year but I dont know whether she has
11、 finished it.(98）A.has written B.wrote C.had written D.was writing,五、对现在完成时的考查1.现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在的影响或表示经验。2.现在完成时表示过去的动作一直延续至今并可能继续下去，常与for或since 等短语连用。,I_(graduate)in 1993 and in that year I _(begin)to teach English in a middle school.I _(teach)there for five years.Five years later,I _(move)to Pinghu
12、.I_(teach)senior English in Danghu High School for nearly 9 years ever since then.,graduated,began,taught,moved,have taught/have been teaching,1)He was hoping to go abroad but his parents _ that they wont support him unless he can borrow money from the bank.were deciding B.have decided C.decided D.w
13、ill decide2)Millions of pounds worth of damage _by a storm which swept across the north of England last night.has been caused B.had been caused C.will be caused D.will have been caused,3)The window is dirty.I know.It _ for weeks.hasnt cleaned B.didnt clean C.wasnt cleaned D.hasnt been cleaned注：由终止性动
14、词leave,arrive,come,go,return,begin,start,put,stop,start,put,stop,die,fall,buy,borrow,see等构成的完成时不能与for或since引导的时间状语连用。但这些终止性动词的否定式可以与for或since短语连用。Eg.I havent met him for two years.,3.考查现在完成时与一般过去式的区别：一般过去时着重说明动作发生的时间、地点、方式等，与现在不发生联系，且句中一般有表示过去的时间状语；而现在完成时只说明现在的情况，对现在有影响。Where _the recorder?I cant se
15、e it anywhere.I _ it right here.But now its gone.A.did you put;have put B.have you put;put C.had you put;was putting D.were you putting;put,The CCTV has been broadcasting English programs ever since 1977.,六、对现在完成进行时的考查构成:have/has been+doing概念:表示从过去某一时刻发生的动作，一直延续到现在，并且还可能继续下去。,现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别如下：1.现在
16、完成时与现在完成进行时 I have written an article.I have been writing an article.2.有些延续性动词，如live,teach,work,study,learn,stay等因现在完成时与现在完成进行时差别不大。I have lived here for ten years.=I have been living here for ten years.Notes：表短暂动作的动词（finish,marry,get up,come,go等）一般不能用现在完成进行时。,强调：已完成性,强调：持续性，未完成性,1)Now that she is o
17、ut of a job,Lucy_going back to school,but she hasnt decided yet.had considered B.has been considering C.considered D.is going to consider2)-Hi,Tracy,you look tired.“-I am tired.I _ the living room all day.A.painted B.had painted C.have been painting D.have painted,七、对过去完成时态的考查过去完成时，经常以“过去”为背景，要想表达比这
18、一背景更早的动作，即“过去的过去”，常用此时态。Eg.When we got to the theatre,they had sold all the tickets.What a pity!,George and Lucy got married last week.Did you go to their wedding?No,I _.Did they have a big wedding?（2004年湖北卷）A.was not invited B.have not been invited C.hadnt been invited D.didnt invite,常见考点有：把过去完成时放在
19、含有when,before,after,until,as soon as等引导的时间状语从句的复合句中考查。1)When the old man _ to walk back to his house,the sun _ itself behind the mountain.（2005年湖北卷）A.started;had already hidden B.had started;had already hidden C.had started;was hiding D.was starting;hid,把过去完成时放在by+过去时间点或by the time+从句（一般过去时）的句子里考查。B
20、y the end of last year,another new gymnasium _ in Beijing.A.would be completed B.was being completed C.has been completed D.had been completed,1.-Do you work here?-No,I dont really work here.I _ until the new secretary comes.just help outB.have just helped outC.am just helping outD.will just help ou
21、t,举一反三破定势,造成思维定式的干扰因素：,comes,从现主将,误选,just,初中老师说：完成时标志,误选B,题眼：,I dont really work here,暂时性工作,正确选项 C,Just 的多义：刚正只不过引起祈使句,2.I_in London for many years，but Ive never regretted my final decision to move back to China.lived B.was livingC.have lived D.had lived,造成思维定势的干扰因素：,for many years,初中老师说：完成时标志,误选C/D
22、,解题关键：,For many years 与现在无联系,一般过去时,A,一句辨析：,1993,Now2007,1998,9 years,5 years,1 year,I began to teach English in 1993.By 1998,I _(teach)English for 5 years./I _(teach)English in the country for 5 years.Then,I moved to Pinghu and since 1998,I _(teach)here.That is to say,I _(teach)English here for 8 years.Now I have got a plan-I _(study)in the USA for 1 year,brushing up my English.,have taught,taught,have taught/have been teaching,have taught/have been teaching,will study,
