名词性从句讲与练.ppt
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1、名词性从句:包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。,名词性从句,一、怎样确定引导词?,句1意为:好消息是冠军赛将在国家体育馆鸟巢举行。答案为C。句2意为:不知你是否读过悲剧李尔王。答案为C。句3意为:明天就是布鲁斯的生日了。你知道生日聚会在哪里举行 吗?答案为D。,由此,我们可以得出什么结论?,名词性从句的引导词是根据从句的意思来选择的。如果名词性从句的意思不完整,就用wh-word引导(如句2和句3)。如果名词性从句的意思已经完整,就用that引导(如句1)。,The good news is _ the Race of Championships(ROC)will be held
2、in the Birds Nest,the National Stadium.A.what B.which C.that D.how2.Im wondering _ you ever read the tragedy King Lear.A.that B.what C.if D.how3.Tomorrow is Bruces birthday.Have you got any idea _ the party is to be held?A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where,二、用that还是用what?,句1:介词about后的宾语从句中do和think缺宾语,所以用what
3、。句2:根据句意“有人告诉我温总理在北京儿童医院看望了甲流病人和医护人员”可以判定is前是主语从句,从句中涉及sb.be told sth.结构,所以从句中缺宾语,要用what;is后是表语从句,从句的意思已经完整,所以用that。答案1.A,2.C。,what和that的区别在于:what在名词性从句中作主语、宾语或表语,而that在名词性从句中不作成分,只起连接作用,没有实意。换句话说,如果名词性从句中缺主语、宾语或表语,要用what;如果从句中不缺成分,意思已经完整,就用that。,Im his good friend,and I can make guesses about _ he
4、will do or think.A.whatB.which C.whomD.that2._ I have been told is _ Premier Wen visited A/H1N1 patients and medical staff at the Beijing Childrens Hospital in Beijing A.That;that B.That;what C.What;that D.What;what,三、何时不能省略that?,我们先来判定下列句中的that是否能省略。1.That Zhang Yining married a millionaire is know
5、n to us all.2.The reason why I come here is that I want to see you.3.Is there any possibility that you could pick me up at the airport?,答案:都不能省略。,原因如下:(1)主语从句置于句首时,其引导词that不能省略。(2)that引导表语从句时,不能省略。(3)that引导同位语从句时,不能省略。另外,当及物动词后跟一个that引导的宾语从句时,that可以省略;跟两个或两个以上that引导的宾语从句时,第二个以及后面的that不能省略。,四、用whethe
6、r还是用if?,请用whether和if填写下面四个句子:1.It depends on _ you can do the work well.2._ he could live on depended on his desire for survival.3.It hasnt been decided _ well go to Qingdao Underwater World.4.I am wondering _ you could give me a hand.,表示“是否”时,介词后面的宾语从句只能用whether引导,不能用if引导;置于句首的主语从句只能用whether引导,不能用i
7、f引导;置于句末的主语从句,既可以用whether引导,也可以用if引导;及物动词后的宾语从句,既可以用whether引导,也可以用if引导。,所以,句1中介词on后面的宾语从句只能用whether引导,不能用if引导;句2中置于句首的主语从句只能用whether引导,不能用if引导;句3中置于句末的主语从句既可以用whether引导,也可以用if引导;句4中及物动词wonder后面的宾语从句既可以用whether引导,也可以用if引导。,五、是同位语从句还是定语从句?,请判定下面两个句子中分别含有什么从句。1.We were all happy to hear the news that h
8、e told us.2.We were all happy to hear the news that the 11th National Games came to a successful close on Wednesday.,答案:句1中含有that引导的定语从句,修饰the news。句2中含有 that引导的同位语从句,解释说明the news。,同位语从句与定语从句的区别在于:同位语从句是对前面名词的解释说明(如句2);定语从句是后 置定语,是对前面名词的修饰和限定(如句1)。that引导同位语从句时,只起连接作用,没有实意,不充当任何 句子成分,不能省略(如句2);that引导
9、定语从句时,替代先行词,在句中作主语、宾语或表语,作宾语时可以省略(如句1)。,六、用陈述句语序还是疑问句语序?,名词性从句用陈述句语序,还是用疑问句语序呢?先做下面两道题。1.Where _ go for a picnic this weekend?Where _ go for a picnic this weekend has not been decided.A.shall we;shall we B.shall we;we shall C.we shall;shall we D.we shall;we shall2.Where do you suppose _ the lecture
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