《建筑性能模拟软件回顾CharliandMahab.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《建筑性能模拟软件回顾CharliandMahab.ppt（39页珍藏版）》请在三一办公上搜索。
1、Energy Efficient Windows and Building Design*Software Workshop*Building Simulation Tools,New Delhi-November 22-23,2002Bangalore-November 25-26,2002Instructors:Bipin Shah,NFRCCharlie urija,CEEREMahabir Bhandari,CEERESponsored by:U.S.Department of Energy(DOE)National Fenestration Rating Council(NFRC)C
2、enter for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy at the University of Massachusetts(CEERE),Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,UMass,Copyright,2002,Overview,Why building simulation(BS)tools?Application of BS toolsAvailable BS ToolsHow to choose a simulation tool?Performing building sim
3、ulationExample:Case Study,Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,UMass,Copyright,2002,Why Building Simulation(BS)Tools?,To answer“What If”questionsAn inexpensive means for exploring a plethora of different design options and HVAC systemsAid in the analysis of energy usage in buildingEnerg
4、y conservation studiesBuilding design studiesEnergy saving potential:energy efficient design and operationBuilding performance involves complex interactions and designer can experiment with different strategies quicklyHelp in designing the buildings to conform with Building codes,Center for Energy E
5、fficiency and Renewable Energy,UMass,Copyright,2002,Application of BS Tools,Building heating/cooling load calculation(peak energy Demand and its profile)Building energy performance analysis,Building energy management and control system design,Building regulations/codes/standards compliance checkingL
6、ife Cycle Cost analysisQuality Assurance(Commissioning),Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,UMass,Copyright,2002,Available BS Tools,DOE-2:Whole building analysis programInterface as eQuest,PowerDoe,VisualDoe,etc.BLAST:building Load Analysis and System Thermodynamics.Uses heat balance m
7、ethod EnergyPlus:Combination of DOE&Blast+additional featuresEnergy10:For residential and small commercial buildings I.e.buildings with one or two zones or small(10,000 ft2)Building Design Advisor:Early stages of design and optimization TRNSYS:Designed to simulate the transient performance of therma
8、l energy system,Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,UMass,Copyright,2002,BS Tools Contd.,TSBI3:Easy to use flexible program developed by Danish Building Research Institute,ModularESP-r:Major European tool.Public domain program,only Unix env.,self learning modulesCOMBINE:Integrates more
9、 than 10 design tools into an Intergraph based architectural CAD system,Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,UMass,Copyright,2002,Specialized/Component Tools,To provide the detailed description of key components such asDetailed Frame calculationsThermal bridges or 2-D heat transfer at w
10、indow wall interfaceAir flowsFenestration systemsThe detailed results are more accurate and act as input to the whole building simulation model,Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,UMass,Copyright,2002,Specialized/Component Tools:Partial List,For daylightingSuperlite,Radiance For buildi
11、ng envelopes:THERM:Detailed 2D Analysis of heat transfer WINDOW/OPTICS:Fenestration heat transfer,solar heat gain and solar-optical properties For selecting energy efficient fenestration:RESFEN For multi-zone airflow:COMISFor moisture transport phenomenon:WUFI,Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewa
12、ble Energy,UMass,Copyright,2002,Life Cycle Analysis Tools:Partial List,BEES 2.0Based on consensus standards(ASTM E917,ASTM E1557,ISO 14040 and ASTM E1765)BLCCEvaluation of Energy Comparative economic measuresATHENAenvironmental measures:embodied energy,resource use,air and water pollution,greenhouse
13、 gas effects and total solid wastes produced.LISALCA in Sustainable ArchitectureMost case studies for Australia and UK,LCCIDRanking of projects,savings-to-investment ratio,discounted payback period University of Illinois,UC EnvestFor Office building:-ecopointAvailable from BRE UK,Center for Energy E
14、fficiency and Renewable Energy,UMass,Copyright,2002,DOE2,A public domain program for building energy analysis;sponsored by DOEIt is a portable FORTRAN program and can be used in large variety of computers including PCsPredicts hourly energy use and energy costINPUTS:Hourly weather information,buildi
15、ng description and HVAC system and utility ratesStructureBDL,Loads,Systems,Plants and EconomicsSequential method to link these modelsUses weighting factor methodDefault libraries for building constructionCan use Metric and English unitsUsesEnergy conservation studiesBuilding design studies,Center fo
16、r Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,UMass,Copyright,2002,DOE 2 flow diagram,Weather processor,Packed weather,Keyword file(BDLKEY.BIN),Std Lib(BDLLIB.DAT),User lib(USRLIB.DAT),Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,UMass,Copyright,2002,DOE2:Input File Format,DOE2 uses BDL Language pro
17、cessorKEYWORDS are used for the description,Dirt=MATERIAL TYPE=PROPERTIES THICKNESS=2 CONDUCTIVITY=0.5 DENSITY=100 SPECIFIC-HEAT=0.25,Lay 8in CMU=LAYERS MATERIAL=(Dirt,CMU HW 8in ConcFill(CB12),Polystyrene 1.25in(IN34),GypBd 1/2in(GP01).,Cons 8in CMU=CONSTRUCTION TYPE=LAYERS ABSORPTANCE=0.65 ROUGHNE
18、SS=2 LAYERS=Lay 8in CMU,East Wall Z1=EXTERIOR-WALL CONSTRUCTION=Cons 8in CMU.,Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,UMass,Copyright,2002,DOE2:GUIs,BDL file is difficult to create and users need to remember a number of related keywordsGraphical User Interfaces:eQuest:Freeware and easy to
19、use.PowerDoe:Graphical presentation of both building description and display of resultsPowerDoe:Comprehensive GUIVisualDoe:Rooms can be represented by block,ease facades,design alternatives of drag drop,Custom block editor,custom Other,Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,UMass,Copyrigh
20、t,2002,DOE with GUI:eQuest,Easy to use and free simple Graphical User Interface for quick energy analysisOnly 31 sheets of details and can be mastered in 2-3 hoursDefault values and online help availableUses DOE 2.2 as simulation engineWizard mode has no flexibility of changing data but user inputs
21、can be provided in spreadsheet mode and/or by editing the default library,Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,UMass,Copyright,2002,eQuest:Wizard,Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,UMass,Copyright,2002,eQuest:Important Data,Building geometry:Footprint shape:Triangle,recta
22、ngle.L shape,T shape,+shape,U shape,H shape(accordingly the length and width parameters)Number of floors floor heightZoning pattern:1 per floor,Perimeter/coreConstruction:walls/roof,floors/ceilingWindows area,type,frame,overhangs/finsInternal load Lighting,Occupancy,Equipment with schedulesDistribut
23、ion by spacesHVAC systemsSystem descriptionHeating/cooling set points and Schedules,Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,UMass,Copyright,2002,eQuest:Spreadsheet view,Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,UMass,Copyright,2002,eQuest:Online Help,Center for Energy Efficiency an
24、d Renewable Energy,UMass,Copyright,2002,eQuest:3D view,Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,UMass,Copyright,2002,eQuest:EEM wizard,Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,UMass,Copyright,2002,Summary of PowerDoe,Provides details specifications of building geometry and HVAC sys
25、temsAvailable online helpLibraries for construction,HVAC systems library can be modified or user specific library can be definedFuture additions:Process refrigeration and equipmentRule processor and automated designWizard for building typesCreating input data(building geometry)is very time consuming
26、 and requires a good amount of familiarity with the programAvailability:,Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,UMass,Copyright,2002,EnergyPlus,Development:It was becoming difficult and costly to maintain DOE and BLAST both supported by US governmentBased on combined features&capabilities
27、 of BLAST&DOE2 but is a completely new program written in FORTRAN 90/95New features:Integrated(simultaneous loads and systems)simulationVariable time stepsUser-configurable modular systemMultizone air flowMoisture transfer in building componentsInput and output structures tailored to facilitate thir
28、d party dev.,Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,UMass,Copyright,2002,Structure of EnergyPlus,Simulation ManagerControls the interactions between all simulation loopsModules are self containedHeat and Mass BalanceCan connect to COMIS for multi-zone airflow To WINDOW5 for fenestrationBu
29、ilding Systems SimulationControls the simulation of HVAC and elec.systems,equip,componentsInput,Output&Weather DataCan read data from CAD,DOE,BLASTReadable but not user friendlyIAI developing an object oriented data protocol(IFC)for bldg inf.exchangeVery few default assumptions,Center for Energy Eff
30、iciency and Renewable Energy,UMass,Copyright,2002,Importing building geometry from CAD into EnergyPlus,Software interoperability for direct exchange of data among different softwareThe exchange requires a data modelData model is called International Foundation Classes(IFC)Data model supports the 3D
31、definition of building geometry,Building Geometry from CAD can be imported to EnergyPlus via BSPro developed by Olof Grandlund,Finland,Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,UMass,Copyright,2002,Energy Plus Screen,Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,UMass,Copyright,2002,Summ
32、ary of EnergyPlus Features,In the preliminary stage of developmentModular structure gives flexibility of adding interfaces and componentsMore accurate simulation engine than DOE and BLASTTime consuming task of building geometry input will be drastically reduced by use of IFCsVersion 1.0 is available
33、 and is free of charge from:BSPro Com server for IC files is available at:,Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,UMass,Copyright,2002,BLAST,Uses heat balance approachSponsored by DODVersion with interface available from University of Illinois,Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable En
34、ergy,UMass,Copyright,2002,Energy-10,For quick estimationIntegrates daylighting,passive heating and cooling technologies with an eff.envelope&equipmentFor smaller buildings buildings(1 or 2 thermal zones)=10,000 ft2Ranking of strategies,Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,UMass,Copyrigh
35、t,2002,Building Design Advisor,Acts as data manager and process controllerIntegrates use of multiple simulation tools and data basesCurrent version has Daylighting(DCM),Electric lighting(ECM)and Energy analysis(DOE2)linked,Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,UMass,Copyright,2002,TRNSYS
36、,Transient performance of thermal systemsModular approach to solve systems of componentsEach component is a FORTRAN subroutineNew component can be generated easilyGUI IISiBat available,Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,UMass,Copyright,2002,RADIANCE,Highly accurate ray tracing softwar
37、eFor analysis and visualization in lighting designPredicts illumination,visual quality and appearance,performance of new lighting and daylighting technologiesInputs:Geometry,materials,luminaries,time,date,sky conditions,Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,UMass,Copyright,2002,COMIS,Int
38、er-zonal airflow modelTransportation of contaminantsStandalone or can be integrated into BS modelsIISiBat as GUI,Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,UMass,Copyright,2002,WUFI,Window based model for hygrothermal analysis of building envelope constructionsInfluence of driving rain on ext
39、erior building componentsInvestigate the danger of interstitial condensationDeveloped by ORNL and Fraunhofer Inst,Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,UMass,Copyright,2002,BEES 2.0Building for Environmental and Economic Sustainability,Windows-based decision support softwareEnvironmental
40、 performance based on ISO 14040Economic performance based on ASTM E971includes actual environmental and economic performance data for 65 building products,Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,UMass,Copyright,2002,BLCC 5.0Building Life-Cycle Cost,Window based,programmed in Java with XML
41、formatFor energy and water conservation in buildingsEvaluates alternate design both in new and existing buildings Calculates lowest LCC i.e.which design is most economical in long runEconomic measures for alternative design including net savings,SIR,adjusted IRR and payback periodEnergy savings and
42、emission reduction,Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,UMass,Copyright,2002,ATHENA,Life Cycle Env.Effects of a complete structure or of individual assembliesPresently steel,wood Experiment with alternative design and different material mixesFor low rise buildings max upto 5 storeys,Cen
43、ter for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,UMass,Copyright,2002,Selection of a BS tool,Need/purposeExpertisePerformance Computing ability Usability Data exchange ability Database supportBudget/CostSoftware costTraining costUsing cost,Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,UMass,Copyri
44、ght,2002,How to perform building simulation,Selection of a toolMastering how to use a tool-TrainingDefining the problem or identifying the opportunitiesSpecifying the modelData acquisition:for representing the building and HVAC systems in the format of simulation toolImplementationPlanningExperiment
45、ationAnalysis of results and reporting,Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,UMass,Copyright,2002,Summary,Summary of building simulation tools have been presentedA large number of tools are availableProper selection and understanding of tools is importantSimulation tools can play a major role in energy conservation and Energy efficient design.,
