《机械专业英语教学课件.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《机械专业英语教学课件.ppt（30页珍藏版）》请在三一办公上搜索。
1、1,单词复习：Turning/milling/grindingToolwork pieceMetalcuttingLathe/planerHybridrigidity,上一课回顾,2,Lesson 10 Lathes 车床,重点词汇：1.engine lathe 普通车床2.production and maintenance shops 生产和维修车间3.carriage n.溜板 四轮马车4.piston 活塞5.dismount n.v.卸下，拆除，拆卸6.set up 调整，准备，安装7.forging n.锻件 a.锻造的8.work on 对 进行加工9.end working a
2、nd side-working 端面和侧面加工,3,Recognize Lathe,4,Paragraph 1,Lathes are widely used in industry to produce all kind of machined parts.Some are general-purpose(通用的)machines,and others are used to perform highly specialized operations.车床在工业生产中被广泛用来加工各种类型的机械零件。一些车床是通用机床，而另一些车床则被用来完成某些专门工序的加工任务。,5,Paragraph
3、2:Engine Lathes普通车床,Engine lathes,of course are general-purpose machines used in production and maintenance shops all over the world.普通车床是全世界的生产车间和维修车间里广泛使用的通用机床。Sizes range from small bench models to huge heavy-duty(重型的)piece of equipment.它的尺寸范围很大，从小型的台式车床(bench models)到巨大的重型车床。,6,Many of the large
4、r lathes come equipped with attachments not commonly found in the ordinary shop,such as automatic stops for the carriage.许多大型的车床配备在普通车间中通常看不到的附件，例如，溜板的自动挡块。,7,Paragraph 3:Tracer or Duplicating Lathes仿形/靠模车床,The tracer or duplicating lathe is designed to produce irregularly shaped parts automatically
5、.The basic operation of this lathe is as follows:A template(模板、模型)of either a flat or three-dimensional shape is placed in a holder.靠模车床或仿形车床（tracer or duplicating lathe）设计用来对形状不规则的零件进行自动加工。这种车床的基本操作如下：在夹持装置上安装平面或立体形状的样板。,8,A guider or pointer(仿形指)then moves along this shape and its movement control
6、s that of the cutting tool.然后，导向触头或指针沿着它的外形移动，从而控制切削刀具的运动。The duplication may include a square or tapered(锥形的)shoulder(台肩),grooves,tapers(锥体),and contours.仿形加工可以包括方形或锥形轴肩、各种槽、锥体或轮廓。,9,Works such as motor shafts,spindles,pistons,rods,car axles,turbine shafts,and a variety of other objects can be turn
7、ed using this type of lathe.像电机的轴、主轴、活塞(pistons)、连杆、汽车轴、汽轮机轴和其他很多种类的工件都可以采用这种车床来进行加工。,10,Paragraph 4:Turret Lathes 转塔车床,A Turret lathe is basically similar to an engine lathe except that the conventional tool post is replaced with a hexagonal turret,which can be rotated around a vertical axis as req
8、uired.转塔车床与普通车床基本上一样，只是将传统的刀架换成了六角形的转塔，该六角刀架可以根据需要绕铅直方向的轴转动。,11,Appropriate tools are mounted on the six sides of the turret.The length of each tool is so adjusted that by simply indexing(转动)the turret,any tool can be brought in exactly the desired operating condition.刀具安装在转塔的六个边上。每一把刀具的（伸出）长度也可以调整，
9、因此，所有刀具可以很方便地、准确地转到需要的位置。,12,Those cutting tools can,therefore be employed successively(依次地)without the need for dismounting the tool and mounting a new one each time,as the case with conventional engine lathe.这些刀具可以正确地使用而不需要像普通车床那样，每次更换刀具都要装卸。,13,This result in an appreciable saving in the time req
10、uired for setting up the tools.Also,on a turret lathe a skilled machinist is required only initially to set up the tools.这样节省了可观的刀具调整时间。只需要一个熟练的机械师在加工开始前安装和调整刀具。,14,A laborer with limited training can operate the turret lathe thereafter and produce parts identical to those that can be manufactured w
11、hen a highly skilled machinist operates the lathe.操作工人只需要有限的训练就能操作转塔车床并能加工出在普通车床上需要高级技工才能加工出的同样的零件。,15,Paragraph 5 Automatic Screw Machine自动螺丝车床,Screw machine are similar in construction to turret lathe,except that their heads are designed to hold and feed long bars of stock.Otherwise,there is littl
12、e difference between them.螺纹车床在结构上与转塔车床类似，不同之处是螺纹车床的主轴头部能被设计用来夹持和送进长棒料。除此之外，它们之间几乎没有什么差别。,16,Both are designed for multiple tooling,and both have adaptations for identical work.Originally,the turret lathe was designed as a chucking lathe for machining small castings,forgings,and irregularly shaped w
13、ork piece.这两种车床都可用多刀具切削，适合加工同样的工件。最初，为转塔车床设计的用途和卡盘车床的用途一样，也是用来加工小型铸件、锻件和形状不规则的零件。,17,The first screw machines were designed to feed bar stock and wire used in making small screw parts.早期的螺纹车床通过棒料和线材的送进，制造小的螺纹零件。Today,however,the turret lathe is frequently used with a collet attachment,and the automa
14、tic screw machine can be equipped with a chuck to hold castings.时至今日，转塔车床上经常使用夹头（collet）附件，而自动螺纹车床上则可通过安装卡盘用来夹持铸件。,18,Paragraph 6,The single-spindle automatic screw machine,as its name implies,machines work on only one bar of stock at a time.单轴自动螺纹车床，顾名思义，一次仅能加工一根棒料。A bar 16 to 20mfeet long is fed t
15、hrough the headstock spindle and is held firmly by a collet.一根16至20英寸长的棒料可以通过主轴箱中的主轴孔送进，并用夹头将其夹紧。,19,The machining operations are done by cutting tools mounted on the turret and on the cross slide.机械加工工序是由装在转塔和横刀架(cross slide)上的刀具完成的。When the machine is in operation,the spindle and the stock are rot
16、ated at selected speeds for different operations.当机床工作时，主轴和棒料按照为每道工序所选择的转速旋转。If required,rapid reversal of the spindle is also possible.如果需要时也可以使主轴快速反转。,20,In the single-spindle automatic screw machine,a specific length of stock is automatically fed through the spindle to a machining area.在单轴自动螺纹车床上
17、，棒料的一段规定好的长度穿过主轴自动送到加工区。At this point,the turret and the cross slide move into position and automatically perform whatever operation are required.在这里，转塔和横向刀架进入加工位置并自动完成所需要的任何加工工作。,Paragraph 7,21,After the machined piece is cut off,stock is again fed into the machining area and the entire cycle is re
18、peated.当加工好的零件被切断后，棒料再次被送入加工区，并重复整个循环。,22,Paragraph 8,Multiple-spindle automatic screw machines have four to eight spindles located around a spindle carrier.多轴自动螺纹车床在主轴鼓周围装有4到8根主轴。Long bar of stock,supported on the rear of the machine,pass through these hollow spindles and are gripped by collets.在机床
19、尾部支撑着的长棒料穿过这些空心的主轴，通过夹头进行夹紧。,23,With the single-spindle machine,the turret indexes around the spindle.When one tool on the turret is working,the others are not.With a multiple-spindle machine,however,the spindle itself indexes.在单轴自动螺纹车床上，转塔绕主轴转动。当转塔上的一个刀具工作时，其他刀具不工作。然而，在多轴自动螺纹车床上，主轴自己转位。,24,Thus the
20、 bars of stock are carried to the various end-working and side-working tools.因此，几根棒料被转位到各个不同的端面加工和侧面加工的刀具位置处。Each tool operates in only position,but all tools operate simultaneously.每把刀具仅在一个位置工作，但是所有的刀具都能同时工作。Therefore,four to eight work pieces can be machined at the same time.因此，能够在同一时间内加工4到8个工件。,2
21、5,Paragraph 9 Vertical Turret Lathes立式转塔车床,A vertical turret lathe is basically a turret lathe that has been stood on its headstock end.It is designed to perform a variety of turning operations.立式转塔车床基本上就是将其主轴箱竖立起来的一台转塔车床。它设计用来完成各种各样的切削工作。,26,It consists of a turret,a revolving table,and a slide hea
22、d with a square turret for holding additional tools.它由一个转塔，一个旋转工作台（removing table）和一个侧面溜板组成的，在侧面溜板上装有可以再安装几把刀具的正方形刀架。Operations performed by any of the tools mounted on the turret or side head can be controlled through the use of stops.由安装在转塔或侧面溜板上的任何刀具完成的加工工序都可通过使用挡块来加以控制。,27,Many of todays more so
23、phisticated lathes are called machining centers since they are capable of performing,in addition to the normal turning operations,certain milling and drilling operations.当前，许多技术更为先进的车床叫做加工中心；因为，它们除了完成常规的车削工作之外，还可以完成某些铣削、钻削工作。,Paragraph 10 Machining Center(MC加工中心),28,Basically,a machining center can
24、be thought of as being a combination turret lathe and milling machine.加工中心基本上可以认为是转塔车床和铣床的组合体。Additional features are sometimes included by manufacturers to increase the versatility of their machines.有时，制造厂商为了增加机床的多用性，还会一些其它的性能。,29,FMS Flexible Manufacturing System 柔性制造系统HSC High Speed Cutting 高速切削,30,课后作业：,1、复习本课单词，预习下一课单词,
