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1、,非谓语动词,The Non-predicative Verbs,时态语态,基本用法,练习,非谓语动词,动名词,分 词,不定式,现在分词,过去分词,The Gerund(doing),动名词的特点：,抽象 习惯性,His hobby is painting.,Im proud of being a Chinese.,习惯,抽象,Participle,被动、完成、感到的,主动、进行、令人的,done,doing,The swimming boy is Tom.(主动、进行）the room facing south（主动）The film is disappointing.（令人的),I hav
2、e a radio made in China.（被动）,Look at the broken glass.（被动、完成）,The excited people shouted and cheered.（感到的）,Infinitive(to do),表将来,表目的,表某一次具体的动作,I have a lot of work to do.（将来）,To learn English well,you must practise more.（目的）,I like dancing,but I dont like to dance today.（某一次具体的动作）,主 语,1.若句子的主语和表语都为非
3、谓语动词，其形式要求一致。,Teaching is learning.,眼见为实。,教也是学。,Seeing is believing.=To see is to believe.,做某事没用、好处.Its no use doing sthIts no good doing sth.Its useless doing sth.Its not any use/good doing sth.,但在下列句型中常使用动名词。,It is no use doing that.,那样做是没用的。,Its useless talking to such people as him.,和他这样的人讲话简直就是
4、废话。,表 语,动名词,分词,不定式,His job is teaching Chinese.,The news is exciting.,All of us are disappointed.,What you should do is to look after the baby.,定 语,主动 进行令人的,被动完成感到的,drinking waterreading room,=the water for drinking,=the room for reading,作定语,the sleeping baby,fallen leaves,the broken cup,running wat
5、er,exciting news,the disappointing boy,the disappointed boy,the work to do,the boy standing there,The window broken by Tom,the clothes to wash tomorrow,不定式作定语的基本条件,不定式与它所修饰的名词在逻辑上必须具备以下条件之一：,1.主谓关系2.动（介）宾关系3.说明所修饰词的内容,多为抽象名词或序数词,He has a lot of work to do.,He is the right person to do it.,Its the be
6、st way to learn English.,主谓,动宾,说明内容,I have no chair to sit on.,I have a lot of clothes to wash.to be washed.,Pay attention to the following,the food to live _the bus to come here _the pen to write _the room to live _the knife to cut _the person to write _,on,on,with,in,with,about,宾 补,分词,不定式,done,doi
7、ng,主动进行,被动完成,取决于谓语动词,see watch look athearlisten to feelnotice,+,sb.,+,dodoing done,make lethave,感官动词,使役动词,sb.be,seen watched looked atheardlistened to feltnoticed,+,to do,madelet,被动,advise allow ask beg cause expect encourage force get hate invite order wishwant warn remindpromise permitpersuade re
8、quest,sb.to do,make oneself done,I cant make myself under-stood because of my broken English.A liar cant make himself believed.He spoke louder to make himself heard.,find+O.+doing/done,He found a wallet lying on the ground.I found the city changed a lot.,宾语,作宾语,只能用动名词作宾语的动词和词组：,advise,admit,avoid,co
9、nsider,delay,enjoy,excuse,finish,deny,allow,escape,forgive,imagine,mind,keep,miss,practise,prevent,resist,risk,suggest,understand,appreciate,cant helpput off,give up,动名词常可用于下列词组后,feel like,devoteto,be busy,There is no,useharm,(in)doing,There beI/we have,difficultytroubleproblemfunpleasurea good time
10、a hard time,(in)doing,只能接不定式作宾语的动词,hope,wish,promise,refuse,arrange,decide,fail,manage,offer,prepare,pretend,hate,prefer,ask,choose,expect,动名词与不定式的不同含义：be afraid to do 不敢、害怕、胆怯去做某事be afraid of doing 担心、恐怕出现(后果）,注意下列动词,2)remember/forget to do sth.忘记去做某事（未 做）remember/forget doing sth.忘记做过了某事（已 做）,Do y
11、ou remember _(meet)me at a party last year?You must remember _(leave)tomorrow.The light in the office is off.It was she who turned it off,but she herself forgot _(turn)it off.The light in the office is still on.She forgot _(turn)it off.,meeting,to leave,turning,to turn,3)regret to do(say/inform/tell
12、)sth.遗憾地说/告诉 regret doing sth.后悔做了I regret _(go)to his home town.I regret _(tell)you the truth.,going,to tell,4)stop to do sth.停下来（为了）做另一件事 stop doing sth.停止做某事 In the street,he stopped _(talk)with his friend.She stopped _(watch)TV and went out.,to talk,watching,5)go on to do sth.继续做（另一件）事 go on doi
13、ng sth.继续做某事After doing his homework for an hour,he went on _(prepare)his lessons.After half an hours rest,he went on _(prepare)his lessons.,to prepare,preparing,6)try to do sth.尽力做 try doing sth.尝试做 You must try _(do)it again.Lets try _(do)the work in some other way.,to do,doing,7)mean to do sth.意欲
14、打算 mean doing sth.意味着 If it means _(delay)more than a week,Ill not wait.I mean _(go),and nothing can stop me.,delaying,to go,cant help doing sth.情不自禁，不禁 cant help(to)do sth.不能帮忙做,permit/allow/advise+doing sth.sb.to do sth.,10)start/begin/continue/prefer/like/love/hate to do sth.doing sth.,beginstart
15、,+,to do,注意3种情况,11,本身是进行时，物作主语，心理活动思想状态的词,12)下列动词后可以用动名词作宾语，但表达的是被动意义。也可以用不定式作宾语，但必须把主动和被动结构表达明白：need,require,want,deserve,worth,Sb.+want to do sth.某人想做某事A.+want B.to do sth.A想B做某事 Sb want sth.to be done 某人某事被做Sth.+want+doing/to be done 某事需要被做,Sb.+need+to do sth.某人需要做某事 sb need do sth 某人需要做某事Sth.+ne
16、ed+doing/to be done 某事需要被做,S.+require sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事 require sth.to be done要求某事被做 Sth.+require+doing/to be done 某事需要被做,S.+be worth+doing以上4个动名词在句中是主动的形式，但含有被动的意思。Sth be worthy of being done/to be doneIt is worthwhile to do/doing sth,13,learn,+,to dodoing,注意下列结构,be used to dobe/get used to doin
17、gused to do,2)下列动词后用动名词作直接宾语，但必须用不定式作宾补。allowadvise forbidpermit,allow doing sth.allow sb.to do sth.,advise doing sth.advise sb.to do sth,forbid doing sth.forbid sb.to do sth,permit doing sth.permit sb.to do sth,1)The little time we have together we try _ wisely.A.spending it B.to spend itC.to spend
18、 D.spending that,C,非谓语充当宾语的常考点经验性解题,2)-The light in the office is still on.-Oh,I forgot _.A.turning it off B.turn it off C.to turn it off D.having turned it off,C,3)-You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.-Well,now I regret _ that.A.to do B.to be doing C.to have done D.having done,
19、C/D,4)Can you allow the students _ long hair?A.to wear B.wearing C.wore D.to be wearing5)They suggested(advised)_ the meeting next week.A.you have B.you to have C.your having D.you having,A,A/C,6)While shopping,people sometimes cant help _ into buying something they dont really need.A.to persuade B.
20、persuading C.being persuaded D.be persuaded,C,7)She cant help _ the house because shes busy making a cake.A.to clean B.cleaning C.cleaned D.be cleaned,A,8)-Let me tell you something about the journalists.-Dont you remember _ me the story yesterday?A.told B.telling C.to tell D.to have told,B,下列以to结尾的
21、短语后必须用动名词作宾语:be(get)used to/see to/stick to/keep to/pay attention to/object to/be opposed to/lead to/look forward to/be open to/be familiar to/get down to/find ones way to/devote oneself to/be equal to/be addicted to in addition to/adapt to,1)Mr.Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _ some s
22、chools for poor children.A.set up B.setting up C.have set up D.having set up,B,2)-How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?-The key _ the problem is to meet the demand _ by the customers.A.to solving;making B.to solving;made C.to solve;making D.to solve;made,B,6)下列
23、词或短语后必须用不定式作宾语:seem/appear/decide/refuse/manage/want/d like/hope/wish/afford/expect/pretend/agree/apply/arrange/choose/demand/attempt/enable/long/hate/ask/offer/fail/plan/happen/hesitate/intend/seek/desire/determine/prepare/promise/remain(to be done),1)Do let your mother know all the truth.She appea
24、rs _ everything.A.to tell B.to be told C.to be telling D.to have been told2)Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple,but it remains _ whether they will enjoy it.A.to see B.to be seen C.seeing D.seen,D,B,状语,doing与主语为主动关系,done与主语为被动关系,作目的状语,作其他状语,Hearing the bad news,they couldnt help
25、 crying.,When they heard the bad news,Given more attention,the trees could have grown better.,If they had been given more attention,Being so angry,he couldnt go to sleep.,Because he was so angry,They came into the classroom,singing and laughing.,To serve the people well,I study hard.,判断下列句子正误：,1.To
26、learn English well,a lot of practice must be done.2.Seeing from the hill,the city is more beautiful.3.Heating,water will boil.4.Getting there,the door was found opened.,判断句子正误并改正：,1,Being ill,his classmate sent him to hospital.2.To get there in time,he told me to get up early.3,Broken by Jim,I cant
27、use the cup.,将下列状语从句改为非谓语短语作状语：1.Because she was moved by the hero,she decided to study harder.,2.When he found the door locked,he went home.,He started early in order that he could get there on time.,将下列非谓语短语改写为状语从句,1.Not knowing her address,I cant write to her.2.Entering the room,I saw a strange s
28、ight.3,Scolded by the teacher,he was very sad.,4.Not knowing where to go,he asked a policeman.5.Hearing her friend was bad-ly hurt,she burst into tears.6.Knowing his team had won,he became happy at once.,for/of sb.to do,my/Toms doing,It is important to learn English.,It is important for us to learn
29、English.,It is/was+adj.+for/of sb.to do,Its kind you to say so.,Its strange you to do that.,of,for,Studying English is important.,Our studying English,Li Leis Studying English,用两个复合结构翻译句子：,1.李明的迟到使得老师很生气。,2.我现在离开你介意吗？,3.他对我打电话会很吃惊的。,4.你在这河里游泳是很危险的。,Answer,1.Li Mings being late made his teacher very
30、angry.2.Do you mind my leaving now?3.He will be surprised at my calling.4.Its dangerous for you to swim in the river.,非谓语动词 的时态和语态,英语基本时态构成一览表,do,be,shall/will,have,have,语态,时态,动名词的时态和语态,Thank you for having helped me so much.He is praised for having devoted his life for his country.Before being used
31、,the machinemust be checked.,He insisted on being sent to hospital.He insisted on sending her to hospital.,对比下列句子,注意下面句式,n.S.+be worth doing,S.+be worthy,of+n.to be doneof being done,语态,时态,不定式的时态和语态,He pretended to be working hard when his boss passed him.,He seems to be eating something,Im sorry to
32、 have kept you waiting.,Pay special attention to:,hopedpromisedwantedwishedexpectedplanned,to have done,表示过去没有实现的期待和愿望,He wanted to have met you at the airport,but he didnt get there in time.,We planned to have done good deeds for the poor people last month,should ought toneedmaymightcouldwould,(not
33、)have done,（过去）本来结果与事实相反,You should have finished your homework.We neednt have worried about him.You shouldnt have been there.,must cantcanmaymightcould,+,be n./adj./be doinghave done,Nobody opened the door.She might(may)have left.The road is all wet.It musthave rained last night.I saw him just now.
34、He cant have gone to Shanghai.,语态,时态,现在分词的时态和语态,现在分词的时态和语态：,Having been to the Great Wall many times,he didnt go there yesterday.,Not having received his fathers letter,he decided to make a call to him.,因为没收到他父亲的来信，他决定给他打个电话。,The building being built is our new library.,Not having been finished,the
35、book cant be returnedat present.,1._is a good of exercise for both the young and the old.A.The walk B.Walking C.To walk D.Walk,2.When and where to build the new power station_ yet.A.is not decided B.are not decided C.has not decided D.have not decided,3.Is_necessary to change trains at Beijing?A.thi
36、sB.that C.itD.he,4.Our father often told us in the past that _is believing.A.To see B.Seeing C.See D.To be seen,5.She pretended _the letter I wrote the day before yesterday.A.not to receive B.not receiving C.not to hear from D.having not received,6.I cant imagine _ with such a famous author.A.work B
37、.to work C.to be working D.working,7.She reached the top of the hill and stopped _ on a rock by the side of the path.A.to have rested B.resting C.to rest D.rest,8.People couldnt help _ the funny villager.A.laugh at B.to laught at C.laughing at D.laughing on,9.I cant help _the house because Im busy m
38、aking a cake.A.to clean B.cleaning C.cleaned D.being cleaned,10.Do you consider _ any good attempting many scientific experiments?A.there B.it C.this D.that,11.Im thirsty.Would you please give me something _.A.drunk B.to drink C.to be drunk D.for drinking,12.When I handed the report to John,he said
39、that George was the person_.A.to send B.for sending it C.to send it to D.for sending it to,13.There was a terrible noise _the sudden burst of light.A.followed B.following C.to be followed D.being followed,14The first textbooks _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century
40、.A.having written B.to be written C.being written D.written,15Mrs.Smith warned her husband _ after drinking again and again.A.never to drive B.to never drive C.never driving D.never drive,16.They knew her very well.They had seen her_up from childhood.A.grow B.grew C.was growing D.to grow,17.Believe
41、it or not,he was seen _upstairs just now.A.to go B.to going C.having gone D.go,18.It was so cold that they kept the fire _all night.A.to burn B.burn C.burning D.burned,19.The salesman scolded the girl caught _ and let her off.A.to have stolen B.to be stealing C.to steal D.stealing,20.He was disappoi
42、nted to find his suggestion_.A.turning down B.turned down C.to be turned down D.to turn down,21.The murderer was brought in,with his hands _ behind his back.A.being tied B.having tied C.to be tied D.tied,22.Tom kept quiet about the accident _lose his job.A.not in order to B.so as not to C.in order t
43、o not D.not so as to,23.They have had a long and bitter struggle _ their living conditions.A.to improving B.for improving C.to improve D.improve,24.To master a foreign language,_.A.a lot of practice is neededB.it needs a lot of practiceC.practice is in need of D.one needs a lot of practice,25.The se
44、cretary worked late into the night,_ a long speech for the president.A.to prepare B.preparing C.prepared D.was preparing,26._more attention,the work would have been done better.A.Given B.To give C.Giving D.Having given,27._a reply,he decided to write a sixth letter.A.Not receiving B.Not to receive C
45、.Not having received D.Having not received,28.Charles Babbage is generally considered_ the first computer.A.to invent B.inventing C.to have invented D.having invented,29.The squirrel was lucky that it just missed_.A.catching B.to be caught C.being caught D.to catch,30.Little Jim should love _ to the
46、 theatre this evening.A.to be taken B.to take C.being taken D.taking,31.What do you think of the book?Oh,excellent.Its worth _a second time.A.to read B.to be read C.reading D.being read,32.The library needs _,but itll have to wait until Sunday.A.cleaning B.be cleaned C.clean D.being cleaned,lie lied lied lying撒谎lie vi lay lain lying 躺下;位于lay vt laid laid laying放置；下蛋、产卵,The book is lying on the desk.,The book is laid on the desk.,the book,lying on the desk,laid on the desk,with+,n./pron.+,adj.adv.pp.inf.prep.ph.,with+复合宾语结构：,
