《高级软件工程课件第二节.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高级软件工程课件第二节.ppt（15页珍藏版）》请在三一办公上搜索。
1、1,Chapter 2Process:A Generic View,Software Engineering:A Practitioners Approach,6th editionby Roger S.Pressman,2,Chapter Overview,What?A software process-a series of predictable steps that leads to a timely,high-quality product.Who?Managers,software engineers,and customers.Why?Provides stability,con
2、trol,and organization to an otherwise chaotic(无秩序的)activity.Steps?A handful of activities are common to all software processes,details vary.Work product?Programs,documents,and data.Correct process?Assessment,quality deliverable.,3,A Layered Technology,Software Engineering,a“quality”focus,process mod
3、el,methods,tools,4,Software Engineering,Software Engineering:(1)The application of a systematic,disciplined,quantifiable approach to the development,operation,and maintenance of software;that is,the application of engineering to software.(2)The study of approaches as in(1).-IEEE Standard 610.12-1990
4、,5,A Process Framework,Process framework,Umbrella activities,framework activity#1,SE action#1.1,Software process,SE action#1.2,framework activity#2,SE action#2.1,SE action#2.2,6,Umbrella Activities,Software project managementFormal technical reviewsSoftware quality assuranceSoftware configuration ma
5、nagementWork product preparation and productionReusability managementMeasurementRisk management,7,Framework Activities,CommunicationPlanningModelingAnalysis of requirementsDesignConstructionCode generationTestingDeployment,8,The Process Model:Adaptability,The framework activities will always be appl
6、ied on every project.BUTThe tasks(and degree of rigor)for each activity will vary based on:the type of project characteristics of the projectcommon sense judgment;concurrence of the project team,9,The CMMI,The CMMI defines each process area in terms of“specific goals”and the“specific practices”requi
7、red to achieve these goals.Specific goals establish the characteristics that must exist if the activities implied by a process area are to be effective.Specific practices refine a goal into a set of process-related activities.,10,Personal Software Process(PSP),Recommends five framework activities:Pl
8、anningHigh-level designHigh-level design reviewDevelopmentPostmortemStresses the need for each software engineer to identify errors early and as important,to understand the types of errors,11,Team Software Process(TSP),Each project is“launched”using a“script”that defines the tasks to be accomplished
9、Teams(of 2 to 20 engineers)are self-directed:Plan and track work,set goals,own processes and plansMeasurement is encouragedMeasures are analyzed with the intent of improving the team process(through coaching,motivation,),12,Process Patterns,Process patterns define a set of activities,actions,work ta
10、sks,work products and/or related behaviorsA template is used to define a patternTypical examples:Customer communication(a process activity)Analysis(an action)Requirements gathering(a process task)Reviewing a work product(a process task)Design model(a work product),13,Process Assessment,The process s
11、hould be assessed to ensure that it meets a set of basic process criteria that have been shown to be essential for a successful software engineering.Many different assessment options are available:SCAMPICBA IPISPICEISO 9001:2000,14,Assessment and Improvement,15,The Primary Goal of Any Software Process:High Quality,Remember:High quality project timelinessWhy?Less rework!,
