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1、代 词的十二 12个考点,12,Fred Zhao Dec.17,2007,考点1 人称代词主格与宾格的用法 考点2 名词性和形容词性物主代词的用法考点3 反身代词的用法考点4 指示代词的用法考点5 疑问代词的意义和用法考点6 表示两者和多者的不定代词的比较考点7 some,any 的用法辨析考点8 each,every的用法辨析,考点 9(a)little,(a)few,a bit 的用法辨析考点10 替代词it,that,(the)one(s),those的用法辨析考点11 another,(the)other(s),else;the rest 的用法辨析考点12 every,some,a
2、ny,no 与thing,one,body 构成的复合不定代词,考点1 人称代词主格与宾格的用法 人称代词的主格在句中作主语，宾格在句中作动词或介词的宾语。(1)My grandma still treats me like a child.She cant imagine _ grown up.(2006重庆)A.my B.mine C.myself D.me,解析：由语境可知“她没想到我已成年了”，应当用宾格me作imagine的宾语；短语形容词grown up(成熟的，成年的)作宾补。答案是D。,(2)Catherine bought a postcard of the place sh
3、e was visiting,addressed _ to_ and then posted it at the nearby post office(2006安徽)A.it;her B.it;herself C.herself;her D.herself;herself解析：由address sth.to sb.(在信件或包裹上写上收件人的姓名及地址)可知，Catherine在买来的明信片上写上她自己的姓名及地址。答案是B。,(3)I intended to compare notes with a friend,but unfortunately _ couldnt spare me ev
4、en one minute.(2004重庆)A.they B.one C.who D.it解析：句中a friend(=one of my friends)泛指我的朋友中的任何一个，代替名词my friends，且在but后的并列句中作主语用they。答案是A。,(4)Susan,go and join your sister cleaning the yard.Why_?John is sitting there doing nothing.(2003全国)A.him B.he C.I D.me 解析：感叹疑问句或省略句中用人称代词的宾格。答案是D提示：下列情况也用宾格：在be后作表语。Wh
5、o is it?Its me.,在单独使用或带not的简略回答中。如：Who broke the cup?Me!(Not me!)I like swimming.Me too.在感叹疑问句中做主语，以引起强调。You can tell him.Me tell him?Not likely！在下列之类的祈使句中：Hes got to repay the moneypoor him.,考点2 名词性和形容词性物主代词的用法 形容词性物主代词只能在名词前作定语，名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词名词”，在句中作主语、宾语、表语或与of连用作后置定语，但不能作定语。(5)Some of the s
6、tamps belong to me,while the rest are _.(2004上海春)A.him and her B.his and hers C.his and her D.him and hers 解析：在句中作表语，指“他的邮票和她的邮票”用his and her(=his stamps and her stamps)。答案是B。,(6)Is your camera like Bills and Anns?No,but its almost the same as _.(1994全国)A.her B.yours C.them D.their解析：与it(=my camera)
7、相比的应是your camera，与“形容词性物主代词+名词”相当的应是名词性物主代词，yours=your camera。答案是B。,(7)The boy promised _mother never to lie to _again.(1991年)A.his,him B.her,her C.her,him D.his,her解析：形容词性物主代词his作mother的定语；宾格人称代词her作介词to的宾语。答案是D。,(8)Kate and her sister went on holiday with a cousin of _.(1990全国)A.their B.theirs C.h
8、er D.hers解析：of 要与名词性物主代词一起作定语，排除A和C；又因Kate and her sister是复数，排除D。答案是B。,(9)Whose room is that?Its _(1982全国)A.my B.ours C.my brothers D.of my brother 解析：从语境看，答语应当是指“某人的房间”，只有选项B能表达此意，ours=our room。答案是B。,(10)His camera is more expensive than _.(1989全国)A.hers B.her C.it D.its解析：与his camera作比较的应是“她的照相机”，
9、用hers(=her camera)。答案是A。(11)Is her hair shorter than _?(1981全国)A me B.my C.mine D.I解析：与her hair相比较的应是my hair，应用名词性物主代词是mine(=my hair)。答案是C。,考点3 反身代词的用法 反身代词在句中可以作enjoy,teach,hurt,buy,introduce等动词和by,for,to等介词的宾语，还可以作主语或宾语的同位语，可译作“亲自，本人”，但不能作主语。(12)Who called me this morning when I was out?(2006福建21)
10、A man calling _ Robert.A.him B.himself C.his D.不填 解析：考查反身代词。因为“call sb./oneself+某名”就是“叫某人/自称某名字”；句意是“一个自称罗伯特的人”，用himself。答案是B。,(13)You will find as you read fiats book that you just cant keep some of these stones to _.You will want to share them with a friend.(2005湖南)A.itself B.yourself C.himself D.
11、themselves 解析：主语是you，要用yourself；to oneself是习语，指某人“独自享用，不与他人共享”。答案是B。,(14)My daughter often makes a schedule to get _ reminded of what she is to do in the day.(2005上海春)A.herself B.her C.she D.hers解析：句意是：“我女儿经常制定日程表，以便让她自自己知道这一天要干什么。”答案是A。,(15)Tom felt that he knew everybodys business better than they
12、 knew it_.A.themselves B.oneself C.itself D.himself(1996全国)解析：能与they相呼应，并作they的同位语的，用反身代词themselves。答案是A。提示：请留意含oneself的短语。如：(1)be oneself身体正常；(2)Make yourself at home!别客气！(3)make yourself understood 使你的话被人理解。,考点4 指示代词的用法 指示词有this,that,these,those等。注意以下4点：(1)this,these是时间或空间上的“近指”，可与here连用；that,thos
13、e是时间或空间上的“远指”，可与there连用。(2)指上文提到的事一般用that，有时也用this，指下文的事只能用this。(3)打电话时，用this来介绍自己，用that来问对方，不用I或you。(4)this 和 that还可表示程度，意为“如此，那么”，相当于so，作状语。,(16)He was nearly drowned once.When was _?_was in 1998 when he was in middle school.(2002北京春)A.that;It B.this;This C.this;It D.that;This解析：指上文提到的事多用that；后空是强
14、调结构的简略式，完整的句是It was in was in 1998 when he was in middle school that he was nearly drowned once.其中when he was in middle school是定语从句。答案是A。,(17)Sometimes it was a bit boring to work there because there wasnt always _ much to do.(2004广东)A.such B.that C.more D.very解析：much前用so,不用such。口语中，常用that来代替so。答案是B
15、。,考点5 疑问代词的意义和用法 疑问代词有what,which,who,whom,whose等。用法要点：1.what除可用来询问人的身份外，一般指物；which可指人也可指物；who,whom,whose一般指人。2.没有一定的范围时，用what，意为“什么”；有一定范围时，用which，意为“(其中的)哪一个”。,(18)The mother didnt know _to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out.(2002全国)A.who B.when C.how D.what 解析：blame(责备)是及物
16、动词，其后缺宾语，责备的应是打碎玻璃的人，该用who。答案是A。,(19)There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I cant make up my mind _to buy.(1992全国)A.what B.which C.how D.where 解析：buy后缺宾语，所以排除副词C和D；表示在一定范围中不知买哪能一种，用which。答案是B。,考点6 表示两者和多者的不定代词的比较1.表示两者“都”用both，表示两者“都不”用neither，表示两者中的“任一”用either。(20)If you cant decid
17、e which of the two books to borrow,why dont you take _?I wont read them this week.(2006浙江)A.all B.any C.either D.both解析：由前后语境来看，应是建议对方将两本书都拿去看。答案是D。,(21)You may drop in or just give me a call._ will do(2006安徽)A.Either B.Each C.Neither D.All解析：由前句可知是指两者中的“任何一个”，用either。答案是A。,(22)Which driver was to b
18、lame?Why,_!It was the childs fault,clear and simple.He suddenly came out between two parked cars.(2006北京)A.both B.each C.either D.neither 解析：由后文It was the childs fault,clear and simple.可知，应答者认为“两个司机都不应负责”，用neither。答案是D。,(23)There are two windows in the room.They _face south.(80全国)A.all B.both C.each
19、 D.either解析：指“两者都”用both。答案是B。(24)I made a call to my parents yesterday.To my disappointment,_of them answered it.A.either B.none C.neither D.nobody(2005福建)解析：my parents表示指两者，to my disap-pointment 可知两个中一个也没接电话。答案C。,(25)We asked John and Jerry,but _of them could offer a satisfactory explanation.(2005北
20、京春)A.either B.none C.both D.neither解析：由but可知，John 和Jerry“两者都不”。答案是D。,(26)I invited Joe and Linda to dinner,but _ of them came.(2004北京)A.neither B.either C.none D.both解析：因为指Joe和Linda两个人，排除C；又由but可知，她们两个人一个也没来，所以选neither。答案是A。,(27)Both teams were in hard training,_ was willing to lose the game.(2001上海
21、)A.either B.neither C.another D.the other 解析：“两队都在努力训练”当然是“两队都不愿输”，表示“两者都不”用neither答案是B。,(28)-Can you come on Monday or Tuesday?-Im afraid _day is possible.(1998全国)A.either B.neither C.some D.any 解析：由Im afraid可知，Monday和Tuesday两天都不行。答案是B。,(29)-Are the two answers correct?-No,_ correct.(1986全国)A.no on
22、e is B.both are not C.neither is D.either is not解析：由two和No可知“两个答案都不对”，no one(=nobody)只能指人，排除A；both are not correct是部分否定，意为“并非两者都对(即一对一错)”，与no矛盾，排除B；英语中有noteither(=neither)的说法，但不能说eithernot，排除D；表示完全否定“两者都不”用neither。答案是C。,(30)-Theres coffee and tea;you can have _.-Thanks.(2003全国)A.either B.each C.one
23、D.it解析：指coffee和tea两者中的“任何一种”用either。答案是A。,(31)-Do you want tea or coffee?-_.I really dont mind.(2000北京春)A.Both B.None C.Either D.Neither 解析：由上文tea or coffee可知，是指两者；由I really dont mind 可知，这两种饮料中的“任何一种”都行。答案是C。,(32)-Shall I sit at this end of the boat or the other end?-If you keep still,you can sit at
24、 _ end.(1987全国)A.neither B.each C.either D.any解析：boat应当是两端，表示“你可坐在任一端”，“(两者中的)任一”是either。答案是C,2.表示多者“都”用all，表示多者“都不”用none，表示多者中的“任一”用any。(33)Of all the books on the desk,_ is of any use for our study.A.nothing B.no one C.neither D.none(2006四川)解析：考查不定代词。由all可知，是指三者或三者以上，排除C；nothing与谈到的“书”毫无联系，排除A；no
25、one=nobody只能指人，也错了；指多者中“一个也没有”用none。句中of any use，在句中作表语。答案是D。,(34)I had to buy _these books because I didnt know which one was the best.(2004上海)A.both B.none C.neither D.all 解析：后文的best是最高级，可见至少有三本，排除A和C；none不能作定语，要说none of答案是D。,(35)We had three sets of garden tools and we seemed to have no use for _
26、.(2004浙江)A.none B.either C.any D.each 解析：由three可知是指三套工具中的“任一套”。答案是C。,(36)Which of the three ways shall I take to the village?_way as you please.A.Each B.Every C.Any D.Either(2004福建)解析：关键词是three。表示三者或三以上的“任一”，用any；表示两者中的“任一”，才用either。答案是C。,(37)Mr Alcott,headmaster of the school,refused to accept_ of
27、the three suggestions made by the Students Union.(2000上海春)A.either B.neither C.any D.none 解析：由three可知是三者，指三者中的任一，用any。答案是C。,(38)-When shall we meet again?-Make it _day you like;its all the same to me.A.one B.any C.another D.some(1996全国)解析：指“你喜欢的任何一天”，表示“(多者中的)任一”用any。答案是B。,(39)They were all very tir
28、ed,but _ of them would stop to take a rest.(1995全国)A.any B.some C.none D.neither 解析：由all可知是三者或三者以上，由but可知是“没有一个人”愿停下来休息。答案是C。,(40)_ but fools will believe what he said.(1992上海)A.None B.Nothing C.Anything D.Everything 解析：句意是：“除了白痴没有一个人会相信他讲的话。”答案是A。,(41)Canada is larger than _ country in Asia.(1991全国
29、)A.any B.any other C.other D.another 解析：“加拿大比亚洲任何一个国家都大。”表示三者以上中的“任一”用any；Canada不属亚洲，不用other。答案是A。,3.none可指人或物，一般要接表示范围的of 短语，可回答how many；而no one只能指人(=nobody)，不能接of短语，可回答who。另外，none可指后文的不可数名词，表示“毫无”。,(42)Some people would rather ride bicycles as bicycle riding has _of the trouble of taking buses.(19
30、96上海)A.nothing B.none C.some D.neither 解析：由句意“有些人宁愿骑自行车，因为骑自行车没有乘公共汽车那样的麻烦。”可排除选项C；the trouble是不可数名词，怎么会有两者或几者呢？排除选项D；nothing意为“什么也没有”，意义不通，排除A；答案是B。,(43)_of them knew about the plan because it was kept a secret.(1990全国)A.Each B.Any C.No one D.None 解析：“因为是秘密所以没有人知道那个计划。”而no one又不能与of短语连用。答案是D。,(44)W
31、e couldnt eat in a restaurant because _of us had _ money on us.(1991全国)A.all;no B.any;no C.none;any D.no one;any 解析：选项A的allno是部分否定，意为“并非都没有钱”，也就可以在餐馆吃饭；英语中没有anyno/not搭配，排除B；no one不与of短语连用，排除D。答案是C。,(45)As we were asleep,_of us heard the sound.(1987全国)A.both B.none C.all D.any 解析：“因为我们睡着了，所以我们没有一个人听到
32、了声音。”答案是B。,(46)_of them understood the old foreigner.(1982全国)A.Someone B.Anyone C.None D.Nobody 解析：选项中能与of短语连用的只有none。答案是C。,4.all单独使用，或者后接一个定语从句，或者前面有物主代词时，意为everything或the only thing(s)。,(47)Thats an unpleasant thing to say about your father after_ hes done for you.(2004 全国)A.something B.anything C
33、.all D.that 解析：句意应是“在你父亲为你付出这一切之后，你这样说他，这是件不愉快的事。”表示付出“一切”“所有”应当用all(=everything)；hes done for you是定语从句，修饰all。答案是C。,(48)It is easy to do the repair._ you need is a hammer and some nails.(2004天津)A.Something B.All C.Both D.Everything解析：句意是“你只需要锤子和钉子”；选all，其后接you need，表示“唯一的事物(=the only thing)”。答案是B。,(
34、49)Youre always working.Come on,lets go shopping._you ever want to do is going shopping.(2002春)A.Anything B.Something C.All D.That 解析：受一定语从句修饰，表示the only thing的只有all。答案是C。,考点7 some,any 的用法辨析 表示“一些”，一般说来，肯定句中some，否定句中用any；但在表示请求、建议、劝请或希望对方作肯定回答的疑问句中用some。(50)I asked him for some oil,but he hadnt _.(1
35、986全国)A.any B.some C.no D.anything 解析：在某定句中用any。答案是A。,(51)Let us hope we can settle the matter without _ more trouble.(1988全国)A.any B.a little C.some D.little 解析：without表否定，要用any。答案A。,(52)Id been expecting _ letters the whole morning,but there werent _ for me.(1989全国)A.some;any B.many;a few C.some;o
36、ne D.a few;none 解析：前一分句是肯定句，用some，后一分句是否定句，用any。另外，后一分句的werent表明主语应为复数，排除C和D；many一般不用于肯定句，a few一般用于肯定句，排除B。答案是A。,(53)I fee a bit hungry.(1986全国)Why dont you have _ bread?A.any B.some C.little D.a 解析：表示建议的疑问句中用some。答案是B。(54)Your coffee smells great!Its from Mexico.Would you like _?(2003春)A.it B.some
37、C.this D.little 解析：表示劝请的疑问句中用some。答案是B。,(55)Theres _ cooking oil left in the house.Would you go to the corner store and get _?(2004北京)A.little;some B.little;any C.a little;some D.a little;any 解析：因为在Would you?等表示请求、劝请或建议之类的问句中，一般用some；又由后文“买些油”可知，家里“没有油”了，所以用little。句意是：家里没有油了，请你到附近的店子里买些回来好吗？答案是A。,(5
38、6)Would you like _,sir?No,thanks.I have had much.A.some more oranges B.any more oranges C.some more orange D.any more orange(2005福建)解析：由答语中的much可知，对话中的orange是指“桔子汁”而非“桔子”，是不可数名词，没有复数形式，排除选项A和B；在劝请的疑问名中用some不用any，排除选项D。答案是A。,考点8 each,every的用法辨析 every只能作形容词，在名词前作定语；each可作形容词也可用代词，可用主语、宾语和同位语。表示“每隔”用ev
39、ery，不用each。如every three days每三天，every third day每逢第三天，every other day每隔一天，every three meters每(隔)三米，every three minutes每(隔)三分钟。,(57)_ of the boys has got a pencil and some paper.(1990上海)A.All B.Every C.Everyone D.Each 解析：由谓语has got是第三人称单数，可排除选项A；every是形容词，只能放在名词前作定语，不能作代词，排除选面B；everyone不能与of短语连用，排除选项C
40、；each可作形容词，也可作代词。答案是D。,(58)These plants are watered _.(1992全国)A.each other day B.every other day C.each of two days D.every of two days 解析：句意为“这些作物每隔一天浇一次水”，表示“每隔一天”应是every other day。答案是B。,考点9(a)little,(a)few,a bit 的用法辨析 a little 和 little修饰或代替不可数名词，与much相对，表示“多”；a few和few修饰或代替可数名词与many相对，表示“少”。a lit
41、tle和a few含肯定语气，little和few含否定语气。一般说来，在only,just,still,quite,can,not等词后用a little或a few；在very,so,some,the,no等词后用little或few。,(59)Can we do our work better with _ money and _ people?(83全国)A.lesser,few B.less,fewer C.little,less D.few,less 解析：money是不可数名词，排除D；people是可数名词，排除A和B。答案是C。,(60)-Would you like som
42、e wine?-Yes,just _.(93全国)A.little B.very little C.a little D.little bit 解析：由yes和just可知，语气肯定，用a little(wine)。very little前不可再用just修饰。答案是C。,(61)As it was a stormy night,_ people went to see the film.(88全国)A.a few B.few C.several D.many 解析：“由于那是一个有暴风雨的晚上，所以很少人去看是影。”答案是B。,(62)Although hes wealthy,he spen
43、ds _ on clothes.(1992全国)A.little B.few C.a little D.a few 解析：由语境可知是替代不可数名词money，排除B和D；由although可知，在服装上花钱“少”，语气是否定的，排除C。答案是A。,(63)-Are the new rules working？-Yes _books are stolen.A.Few B.More C.Some D.None(1999全国)解析：由yes可知，新制度是奏效的，因此几乎没什么书被盗，所以用few；另外，None后要是加上of，也正确。答案是A。,little的比较级和最高级分别是less,leas
44、t；few的比较级和最高级是fewer,fewest。(64)If we had followed the plan,we could have done the job better with _ money and _ people.(90全国)A.less;less B.fewer;fewer C.less;fewer D.fewer;less解析：money是不可数名词，排除B和D；people是可数名词，排除A。答案是C。,(66)If you had followed the plan,you could have done the job better with _ money
45、and _ people.(88 上海)A.less;fewer B.fewer;less C.less;few D.few;less 解析：因few只能修饰可数名词，不能修饰money，排除选项B和D；由语境可知，是指用更少的钱和更少的人指事情做得更好，都用比较级，排除C。答案是A。,(67)Can we do our work better with _ money and _ people?(83全国)A.lesser,few B.less,fewer C.little,less D.few,less 解析：few不能修饰不可数名词money，排除D；less(little的比较级)不能
46、修饰可数名词money，排除C；由语境可知lillte和few都应用比较级，排除A。答案是B。,考点10 替代词it,that,(the)one(s),those的用法辨析 1.it和that都替代“the+单数名词(可数或不可数)”，都是特指，但it指前面提到的“同一”事物，而that是指前面提到的“同类”事物。(68)There is a photo on the wall._ the photo of Lei Feng.(1980全国)A.It B.Its C.Its D.He 解析：指与前面提到的是同一物，用it；后句缺少谓语动词，用is。答案是C。,(69)The Parkers b
47、ought a new house but _ will need a lot of work before they can move in.(2001全国)A.they B.it C.one D.which 解析：特指前面提到的the Parkers所买的那座新房子，用it(=the+house)。答案是B。,(70)Few pleasures can equal _ of a cool drink on a hot day.(1999全国)A.some B.any C.that D.those 解析：that替代the pleasure，指与前面提到的同属“快乐的事”。答案是C。,(71
48、)Im moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than _ in the city.(2005江苏)A.ones B.one C.that D.those 解析：选项中只有that能替代不可数名词the air。答案是C。,2.one替代“a单数可数名词”，表示泛指。特指的the one相当于that；the one复数形式the ones，在口语中也常用those代替；当后面有of短语时，一般用that或those，当有前置修饰语时，只能用one(s)，如the red one。one(s),the o
49、ne(s),those,that都是替代“同类”事物，其中只有that可替代不可数名词。,(72)Weve been looking at houses but havent found _ we like yet.(2005浙江)A.one B.ones C.it D.them 解析：one=a house,指我们喜欢的那一类房子。答案是A。,(73)I prefer a flat in Inveneas to _in Perth,because I want to live near my Moms(2005天津)A.one B.that C.it D.this 解析：替代a flat用o
50、ne。答案是A。,(74)We needed a new cupboard for the kitchen.So Peter made _ from some wood we had.(2004广西)A.it B.one C.himself D.another 解析：因为one是用来替代“a/an+名词”，以避免重复的，此处one=a cupboard。答案是B。,(75)I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have _.(95全国)A.it B.those C.them D.one 解析：意思是“让每一个客人都有一个杯子”，能替
