《如何轻松应对雅思阅读配对题.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《如何轻松应对雅思阅读配对题.doc（14页珍藏版）》请在三一办公上搜索。
1、如何轻松应对雅思阅读配对题 雅思阅读配对题一直是不少雅思考生又爱又恨的题目，它形似summary 类填空题，需要回原文定位分析，但有部分题目又需要识别选项中与原文答案的同义替换，两个环节缺一不可。这些方法让你轻松应对雅思阅读配对题今天我们先来看一个雅思阅读中的经典题目，从而具体分析如何轻松应对雅思阅读配对题。标题：Greying population stays in the pink问题：Research carried out by scientists in theUnited States has shown that the proportion of people over 65
2、suffering fromthe most common age-related medical problems is (14) and thatthe speed of this change is (15) It also seems that these diseases are affecting people (16 )in life thanthey did in the past. This is largely due to developments in( 17) but otherfactors such as improved (18) may also be pla
3、ying a part. Increases in some other illnesses maybe due to changes in personal habits and to (19 )The researchestablishes a link between levels of (20) and lifeexpectancy. It also shows that there has been a considerable reduction in thenumber of elderly people who are (21 )which means that the (22
4、) involved in supporting this section of the population may be lessthan previously predicted.题型分布：选词summary-句子配对题(题型种类少，填空题目多达9题，可以按照本题顺序做)审题(1) 题目提醒(无提示考察哪些段落)(2) 小标题(无小标题提示考察内容)(3) 题型顺序(首个题型，数目多，按照首段顺序读)解题步骤选项词性/褒贬分组选项词性既有名词，又有形容词，更有doing结构。而且，有两组反义词falling、 increasing，earlier、 later，可分别为同一空的备用选项。
5、预判对于Q14的词性及色彩预判难点在于判断首个空前is的真正主语是谁。这里涉及到长难句分析，采用括号法将句子中的修饰成分去掉，我们抽出的句子主干如下：Research ( carried out by scientists in the United States ) has shown that the proportion ( of people over 65 suffering from the most common age-related medical problems ) is _.这里面我们总结出一个修饰结构sth./sb. + ( doing sth. / done by
6、sth. / 介词+名词)，括号内的部分都是修饰性结构，我们真正关注的是这些结构前面的名词。去掉括号内的结构后，我们发现我们要的答案其实在这样一个结构中 proportion is _ 。能力比较强的同学其实还会发现14、15、16空含有并列结构 and和also，句子色彩是保持一致的。定位第一句话题干中有United States和65作为显性定位词，而且从首段读开始读符合常理。通过预判寻找proportion 或其替换词。原文第2段含有结构 smaller proportion满足了要求，其他部分也与刚刚划出的括号内的结构有对应。解题Q14中词库中falling 对 smaller 做了替
7、换，即为答案，反映出老年人患病人口减少的情况。Q15与之用and并列，表示这种speed如何，根据并列结构结构相同，色彩一致的原则，选increasing 问题不大。原文中rate 与speed 对应，rate (at which these diseases are declining )continues to accelerate. 注意括号法的使用，即使考鸭们不熟悉accelerate(加速),根据 continue 代表动作的持续加之与前面内容色彩一致,increasing依旧为答案。Q16通过than的出现判断此空为比较级，earlier, later, more都符合，题目中 b
8、e donging及in the past 的出现表明在进行今昔对比。根据色彩一致性，疾病应该对老年人影响越来越晚为好。*中第3段最后一句通过数据比较给出了答案即later。Q17、Q18中间用到了but衔接，难度并不大，答案依次为M 、J。需要指出的是Q19 Q20同样适用了并列结构，尤其是Q19答案词性并不是常见的to do 结构。根据我刚刚提到的并列的两部分结构相同的原则，可知Q19为与changes并列的名词。Q19 Q20 答案依次为N 、K。而需要指出的是Q21不少考鸭容易误选independent, 是因为忽视了reduction 这种表示色彩正负的关键词的提示，原文与之对应的为
9、第7段的drop。所以，会顺利选出G。最后，Q22所在句子本身定位不明显，但有明显的比较级less做定位，回到原文第7段尾句，我们找到了答案financial burden 替换为cost。雅思考试阅读模拟练习及答案new weapon to fight cancer1. British scientists are preparing to launch trials of a radical new way to fight cancer, which kills tumours by infecting them with viruses like the common cold.2.
10、If successful, virus therapy could eventually form a third pillar alongside radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the standard arsenal against cancer, while avoiding some of the debilitating side-effects.3. Leonard Seymour, a professor of gene therapy at Oxford University, who has been working on the vir
11、us therapy with colleagues in London and the US, will lead the trials later this year. Cancer Research UK said yesterday that it was excited by the potential of Prof Seymours pioneering techniques.4. One of the countrys leading geneticists, Prof Seymour has been working with viruses that kill cancer
12、 cells directly, while avoiding harm to healthy tissue. In principle, youve got something which could be many times more effective than regular chemotherapy, he said.5. Cancer-killing viruses exploit the fact that cancer cells suppress the bodys local immune system. If a cancer doesnt do that, the i
13、mmune system wipes it out. If you can get a virus into a tumour, viruses find them a very good place to be because theres no immune system to stop them replicating. You can regard it as the cancers Achilles heel.6. Only a small amount of the virus needs to get to the cancer. They replicate, you get
14、a million copies in each cell and the cell bursts and they infect the tumour cells adjacent and repeat the process, said Prof Seymour.7. Preliminary research on mice shows that the viruses work well on tumours resistant to standard cancer drugs. Its an interesting possibility that they may have an a
15、dvantage in killing drug-resistant tumours, which could be quite different to anything weve had before.8. Researchers have known for some time that viruses can kill tumour cells and some aspects of the work have already been published in scientific journals. American scientists have previously injec
16、ted viruses directly into tumours but this technique will not work if the cancer is inaccessible or has spread throughout the body.9. Prof Seymours innovative solution is to mask the virus from the bodys immune system, effectively allowing the viruses to do what chemotherapy drugs do - spread throug
17、h the blood and reach tumours wherever they are. The big hurdle has always been to find a way to deliver viruses to tumours via the bloodstream without the bodys immune system destroying them on the way.10. What weve done is make chemical modifications to the virus to put a polymer coat around it -
18、its a stealth virus when you inject it, he said.11. After the stealth virus infects the tumour, it replicates, but the copies do not have the chemical modifications. If they escape from the tumour, the copies will be quickly recognised and mopped up by the bodys immune system.12. The therapy would b
19、e especially useful for secondary cancers, called metastases, which sometimes spread around the body after the first tumour appears. Theres an awful statistic of patients in the west . with malignant cancers; 75% of them go on to die from metastases, said Prof Seymour.13. Two viruses are likely to b
20、e examined in the first clinical trials: adenovirus, which normally causes a cold-like illness, and vaccinia, which causes cowpox and is also used in the vaccine against smallpox. For safety reasons, both will be disabled to make them less pathogenic in the trial, but Prof Seymour said he eventually
21、 hopes to use natural viruses.14. The first trials will use uncoated adenovirus and vaccinia and will be delivered locally to liver tumours, in order to establish whether the treatment is safe in humans and what dose of virus will be needed. Several more years of trials will be needed, eventually al
22、so on the polymer-coated viruses, before the therapy can be considered for use in the NHS. Though the approach will be examined at first for cancers that do not respond to conventional treatments, Prof Seymour hopes that one day it might be applied to all cancers.(665 words)Questions 1-6Do the follo
23、wing statements agree with the information given in the reading passage? For questions 1-6 writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this in the passage1.Virus therapy, if successful, has an advanta
24、ge in eliminating side-effects.2.Cancer Research UK is quite hopeful about Professor Seymours work on the virus therapy.3.Virus can kill cancer cells and stop them from growing again.4.Cancers Achilles heel refers to the fact that virus may stay safely in a tumor and replicate.5.To infect the cancer
25、 cells, a good deal of viruses should be injected into the tumor.6.Researches on animals indicate that virus could be used as a new way to treat drug-resistant tumors.Question 7-9Based on the reading passage, choose the appropriate letter from A-D for each answer.7.Information about researches on vi
26、ruses killing tumor cells can be found(A) on TV(B) in magazines(C) on internet(D) in newspapers8.To treat tumors spreading out in body, researchers try to(A) change the body immune system(B) inject chemotherapy drugs into bloodstream.(C) increase the amount of injection(D) disguise the viruses on th
27、e way to tumors.9.When the chemical modified virus in tumor replicates, the copies(A) will soon escape from the tumor and spread out.(B) will be wiped out by the bodys immune system.(C) will be immediately recognized by the researchers.(D) will eventually stop the tumor from spreading out.Questions
28、10-13Complete the sentences below. Choose your answers from the list of words. You can only use each word once.NB There are more words in the list than spaces so you will not use them all.In the first clinical trials, scientists will try to 10 adenovirus and vaccinia, so both the viruses will be les
29、s pathogenic than the 11.These uncoated viruses will be applied directly to certain areas to confirm safety on human beings and the right 12 needed. The experiments will firstly be 13to the treatment of certain cancersList of Wordsdosage responding smallpox virusdisable natural ones injectdirected t
30、reatment cold-like illnesskill patients examined雅思考试阅读模拟练习及答案Answers Keys:1.答案：FALSE (见第2段：If successful, virus therapy could eventually form a third pillar alongside radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the standard arsenal against cancer, while avoiding some of the debilitating side-effects. Virus the
31、rapy 只能避免一些副作用，而不是根除。)2.答案：TRUE (见第3段，特别是最后一句： Cancer Research UK said yesterday that it was excited by the potential of Prof Seymours pioneering techniques. )3. 答案：NOT GIVEN (文中没有提到virus可以抑制肿瘤细胞再生长)4. 答案：TRUE (见第5段第3、4句： 这里“cancers Achilles heel”指 “If you can get a virus into a tumour, viruses find
32、 them a very good place to be because theres no immune system to stop them replicating.” Achilles heel的意思是“唯一致命弱点”)5. 答案：FALSE (见第6段第第1句：Only a small amount of the virus needs to get to the cancer.)6. 答案：TRUE (见第7段：Preliminary research on mice shows that the viruses work well on tumours resistant to
33、 standard cancer drug. , which could be quite different to anything weve had before. )7. 答案：B (见第8段第1、2句：Researchers have known for some time that viruses can kill tumour cells and some aspects of the work have already been published in scientific journals. Journal意思是“日报、期刊、杂志”)8. 答案：D (见第9段第1句：Prof
34、 Seymours innovative solution is to mask the virus from the bodys immune system, “mask”的意思是“掩盖、隐蔽、伪装”， 在这里和 “disguise”同义。)9. 答案：B (见第11段第2句： If they escape from the tumour, the copies will be quickly recognised and mopped up by the bodys immune system. “mop up”这里与 “wipe out” 同义，意思是“消灭、歼灭”。)10.答案：dis
35、able (见第13段最后1句：For safety reasons, both will be disabled to make them less pathogenic in the trial, but Prof Seymour said he eventually hopes to use natural viruses. )11. 答案：natural ones (见第13段最后1句：For safety reasons, both will be disabled to make them less pathogenic in the trial, but Prof Seymour
36、 said he eventually hopes to use natural viruses. )12. 答案：dosage (见第14段第1句：The first trials will use uncoated adenovirus and vaccinia and will be delivered locally to liver tumours, in order to establish whether the treatment is safe in humans and what dose of virus will be needed.)13. 答案：directed (见第14段最后1句：Though the approach will be examined at first for cancers that do not respond to conventional treatments, )
