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1、英语简单句五大基本句型句子是表达一个完整思想,具有一定语法特征的语言单位.句子写完之后有句号问号或感叹号.句首第一个字母要大写.句子按其使用可以分为四类：1、陈述句2、疑问句 3、祈使句4、感叹句 根据句子结构可分为三类：1、简单句2、并列句3、复合句 简单句:只包含一个主谓结构,但它的主语和谓语可分别 以并列形式出现:BothmybrotherandIstudyattheschool.HecanspeakandwriteEnglishverywell.Teachersandstudentssanganddanced.,简单句的五种基本句型歌诀 英语句子千千万 五大句型把线牵 句型种类看动词
2、后接什么是关键 系词后面接表语 vi.独身无牵连 vt.又可分三类 单宾双宾最常见 还有宾语补足语 各种搭配记心间,五种基本句型 一、主+谓(vi.)二、主+系+表 三、主+谓(vt.)+宾 四、主+谓(vt.)+双宾（间宾+直宾）五、主+谓(vt.)+复合宾语（宾语+宾补）,主语不及物动词(vi.)(SubjectIntransitive Verb)此句型的特点是:谓语动词是不及物动词,本身能表达完整的意思,后面不需跟宾语,但有时可跟副词、介词短语等作状语。例如：He swims Itisblowing.Heiswriting.Hehaswrittenforanhour Heislyingi
3、nbed.Theystoppedtohavearest.They are singing.常见的不及物动词有:come,go,listen,wait,climb,move,jump,laugh,sit,stay等.,2.主语连系动词表语SubjectLink VerbPredicative此类句型的谓语动词是连系动词，它本身有一定的涵义，但不能独立作谓语，它必须和表语一起构成谓语。说明主语的特征、身份、状态的表语.例如：1)S+Lv+N/Pron(名词/代词)He is a boy./This is mine.2)S+Lv+Adj（形容词)Youseemhappytoday.3)S+Lv+Ad
4、v(副词)Class is over.4)S+Lv+Prep Phrase(介词短语)He is in good health.5)S+Lv+Participle(分词)He is excited./The film is interesting.6)S+Lv+numeral(数词)Four times six is twenty-four.,常见的连系动词：除了be(am/is/are/was/were)动词 外,还有一些动词也可以用作系动词1)表感官的动词:feel(感觉),look(看起来),sound(听起来),taste(尝起来),smell(闻起来)appear,seem等.2)表
5、转变、变化的动词:get/grow(变得),turn(变成),become,go(变成),seem(似乎),keep(保持)等。3)表延续的动词 remain,keep,seem,hold,stay等。,3.主语及物动词(vt.)宾语（SubjectTransitive VerbObject）此句型的特点是:谓语动词是及物动词,不能表达 完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语.例如：We can speak English Tom built a house last year.He wanted to go home He likes listening to music I dont know wh
6、at to do.He enjoys living here.若动词是不及物则须在动词后再加适当的介词。例如:The boss was waiting for the five workers.常见的及物动词有:like,finish,enjoy,want,play,make,help,take,read,tell,teach,do等,4.主语及物动词(vt.)间接宾语直接宾语SubjectVerb+Indirect ObjectDirect Object此句型的特点是:谓语动词跟有两个宾语,这两个宾语都是动作的对象或承受者,其中指人的是间接宾语,指物的是直接宾语。当间接宾语放在直接宾语之后时
7、,通常需要加介词for或to。例如：He told me a story yesterday I sent him a book.=I sent a book to him.I bought May a book.=I bought a book for Mary.可接双宾语的常见动词有:ask,give,offer,send,bring,hand,pass,pay,tell,show,read,leave,teach,promise,lend,buy,take,write等。,*间接宾语可以放在直接宾语前面,也可以放在直接宾语后面,但间接宾语放在后面时须在其前面加上适当的介词。一般常在giv
8、e,show,pass,send,teach等动词后用介词to,而在buy,sing,make,draw,cook等动词后用介词for.,5.主语及物动词(vt.)宾语宾语补足语（SubjectVerbObjectComplement）此句型的特点是:谓语动词虽然跟有一个宾语,但意思还不完整,必须加上另外一个成分(宾语补足语)对宾语进行补充说明。可以用作宾语补足语的有:名词、形容词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语等。复合宾语:(宾语+宾补),复合宾语有以下几种结构1)宾语(名词或代词)+名词 We elected him monitor.They called him“Uncle Tom.”2
9、)宾语(名词或代词宾格)+形容词或介词短语 The worker painted my room red.The enemy found themselves in the valley.3)宾语(名词或代词宾格)+动词不定式或分词 They asked us to help them.I saw him crossing the street.I herd her sing in the next room.,学会记忆:作宾补不带to.一感二听三让五看半帮助一感：feel sb.do sth.二听：hear,listen to三让：let,make,have五看：see,watch,obse
10、rve,look at,notice半帮助:help(可带可不带),Eg.LiLi noticed two dogs fight.Hell help you(to)finish the job.The teacher observes the boy sleep.I saw the baby cry.Let me read you his letter.I felt someone touch me on the shoulder.,配套练习Keys:I.1-5 C B A B C 6-8 BACII.1.some rice to me 2.to sit down 3.my surprise 4.Would，like 5.How about going immediately?6.where to findIII.1.to-for 2.to work-work 3.Waiting-waiting for 4.pass me it-pass it to me 5.find her is happy-find her happy 6.work-to work,
