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1、Unit1 Festivals around the world,话题：1.Festivals(节日)2.How festivals begin(节日的由来)3.How festivals are celebrated(节日的庆祝)功能：1.Making phone calls(打电话)2.Invitations(邀请)3.Thanks(感谢)语法：Modal verbs()(情态动词I)重点单词：starve，belief，origin，trick，gain，gather，independence，custom，remind，award，admire，religious，permission
2、，agriculture，apologize，obvious，energetic，fool，sadness，forgive,重点短语：take place，in memory of，dress up，play a trick on，look forward to，day and night，as though，have fun with，turn up，keep ones word，hold ones breath，set off,remind.of.,apologize to sb.for sth.,hold on重点句型1.Festivals are meant to celebrate
3、important times of year.2.The country,covered with cherry tree flowers,looks as though it is covered with pink snow.3.It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave.,要点一：重点单词1.gain（1）vt.获得；赢得；得到（2）vt.&vi.获利，增加；（钟表）走得快（3）vt.抵达；到达（4）n.U 获益；盈利；C利润；好处She gained high
4、grades in English and maths.她的英语和数学得了高分。The clock gained 5 minutes.这表快五分钟。She gained 10kg in weight.她的体重增加了10千克。We cut a path through the forest and gained the river next day.我们穿过森林中的小路，翌日来到河边。No pains,no gains.（谚）不劳无获。,知识与要点,同类辨析gain，win与get（1）gain指在斗争、竞争中作出很大努力而“获得”，所得的东西常具有一定价值。（2）win含有取胜的一方具有优越的
5、特质或条件而能克服各种障碍的意思，意为“赢得”。（3）get为普通词，有时指不一定需要努力就能得到。,知识与要点,【链接训练】The Bull team _ the football match and they much experience in playing football.A.gained;gotB.won;gainedC.won;wonD.gained;obtained【解析】gain主要指通过斗争、竞争或劳动得到的优势、经验等；win一般指在竞争中获胜，其宾语多为比赛、竞争等。【答案】B,知识与要点,2.award 归纳拓展（1）award作动词用是及物动词，意为“授予，奖给,
6、判给”，后多接双宾语，award sth.to sb./award sb.sth.奖给某人某物，在多数场合下用其被动形式be awarded for.因而被奖励。（2）award用作名词，意为“奖，奖品；奖金”。,知识与要点,He was awarded the prize for being the fastest runner.他因跑得最快而被授予奖品。The judge awarded a large sum of money to those hurt by the fire.法官判给在火灾中受伤的人一大笔钱。The Olympic winner received a gold med
7、al as an award.奥林匹克获胜者获得了一枚金牌作为奖励。,知识与要点,同类辨析award，prize与reward（1）award既可作动词也可作名词，指为鼓励在工作中达到或完成所提出的要求或条件的人而进行的奖励，往往强调荣誉而不在乎奖品的大小或奖金的多少。（2）prize为名词，多指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽奖中所赢得的奖品，这种奖赏有的凭能力获得，有的凭运气获得。（3）reward既可作动词也可作名词，指对某人的工作或服务等的报答，也指因帮助警察抓到罪犯或帮助失主找到东西而得到的赏金、酬金。构成短语reward sb.with sth.用酬谢某人。,知识与要点,He got the
8、highest award in the contest.他得到了比赛的最高奖。A prize was given to the person who had the winning number.奖品给了那个获得中奖号码的人。A 100 reward has been offered for the return of the necklace.已悬赏100英镑找寻项链。,知识与要点,【链接训练】The young engineer was_a gold cup because of his creative achievements for the development of the c
9、ompany.A.awardedB.AdmittedC.appliedD.accepted【解析】考查动词的用法。award意为“颁发；授予”，其他选项不与a gold cup搭配。【答案】A,知识与要点,3.admire vt.钦佩；赞赏；羡慕某人（或某物）；夸奖（某人/某物）归纳拓展(1)admire sb./sth.for因而钦佩、羡慕某人/某物(2)admiring adj.赞赏的；羡慕的admirable adj.可钦佩的，值得赞赏的admiration n.钦佩；赞赏；羡慕in admiration of对表示钦佩have admiration for sb./sth.羡慕、钦佩某
10、人/物watch/gaze in admiration 赞赏地观看/凝视着admirer n.C赞赏者；羡慕者；爱慕某女子的男子,知识与要点,Visitors to Beijing admire the Birds Nest for its beauty.到北京的游客都赞赏鸟巢的美。Arent you going to admire my new house？你难道不想夸夸我的新房子吗？I am not a great admirer of her work.我对她的工作不太欣赏。We had great admiration for his courage.我们非常敬佩他的勇气。,知识与要点
11、,【链接训练】We all_her_ the way she saved the children from the fire.A.admired;toB.admired;forC.admired;inD.admired;at【解析】考查admire的用法。admire sb.for sth.“因而钦佩某人”。句意为：我们都非常钦佩她从火场里救孩子们的行为。【答案】B,知识与要点,4.apologiz（s）e vi.道歉，辩白归纳拓展（1）apologize to sb.for(doing)sth.因向某人道歉apologize for oneself为自己辩解或辩护apologize to
12、sb.+that-clause向某人道歉（2）apology n.道歉make an apology to sb.for(doing)sth.因向某人道歉accept/refuse ones apology接受/拒绝某人的道歉owe sb.an apology应向某人道歉,知识与要点,I apologized to her for stepping on her foot.=I made an apology to her for stepping on her foot.我因踩到她的脚而向她道歉。Be honest.Please dont apologize for yourself.诚实点
13、，别再为自己开脱了。Its wise and considerate to accept others apology.有时候接受别人的道歉是明智的和体谅人的。,知识与要点,【链接训练】You should have_to your roommate,John.What you said yesterday hurt him deeply.A.apologizedB.weptC.liedD.promised【解析】apologise to sb.意为“向某人道歉”。句意为：约翰，你应该向你的舍友道歉，你昨天说的话深深地伤害了他。【答案】A,知识与要点,The captain_an apolog
14、y to the passengers for the delay caused by bad weather.A.madeB.saidC.putD.passed【解析】make an apology to sb.for（doing）sth.=apologize to sb.for(doing)sth.是固定搭配，表示“因（做）某事向某人道歉”。【答案】A,知识与要点,5.remind vt.提醒，使想起归纳拓展remind sb.of/about sb./sth.使某人想起某人/某事remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人做某事remind sb.that/how/what.提醒某人
15、/使某人想起,知识与要点,The film reminded me of the old days.这部电影使我想起了过去的岁月。Remind me to attend the meeting tomorrow.明天提醒我参加会议。He reminded me that I should take the medicine on time.他提醒我要按时服药。,知识与要点,同类辨析remind，remember 与 recall（1）remind 指某人或某事使主人公“联想起”另外的人或事，用于 remind sb.of.结构中。（2）remember 主要表示“还记得、记住了过去发生的事情”
16、，指事物自然在记忆中出现，不包含意志；但与 can 或 could 连用时，其所接宾语及意义与 recall 基本一致。但remember的主语必须是人。（3）recall 指有意识地“回忆，回想”，强调其动作包含有意识的努力或意志，常与 can 或 could 连用。,知识与要点,【链接训练】I must_your promise_you wont be late again.A.remind you for;whyB.remind you to;in whichC.remind you of；thatD.remind you；which【解析】考查固定短语。remind sb.of.“使某
17、人想起”；promise后是that引导的同位语从句，解释说明promise的内容。【答案】C,知识与要点,要点二：重点短语与句型1.take place 发生；举行 同类辨析happen，take place，occur 与 break out（1）happen 是普通用语，其“发生”带有意外和偶然性。另可作“碰巧”讲，用法是 happen to do sth.，是不及物动词短语，无被动语态。（2）take place 其“发生”是按意图或计划进行，无偶然性，无被动语态。（3）occur是较正式的用语，指具体事物时可与 happen 互换（但 happen to do sth.不可换成 oc
18、cur to do sth.）；另外 occur 有“突然想起”的意思，此时不可与 happen 互换。（4）break out 不及物动词短语，意为“（战争、火灾等）爆发；（疾病）突然发生”，无被动语态。,知识与要点,The 16th Asian Games took place in Guangzhou last year.第十六届亚运会去年在广州举行We may never know what took place that night.我们可能永远不会知道那一夜发生了什么事。An accident happened nearby yesterday.昨天附近发生了一起事故。It nev
19、er occurred to me that I had seen her before somewhere.我想不起来以前我在哪儿见过她。The hand-to-mouth disease broke out in some places.一些地方爆发了手足口病。,知识与要点,【链接训练】It_that I met her on my way home.A.took placeB.OccurredC.happenedD.broke out【解析】四项都可表示“发生”，都为不及物动词（短语）；但take place指必然性的“发生”；occur无“碰巧”之意；break out强调“突然爆发”
20、。句意为：我碰巧在我回家的路上碰到她。故正确答案为C。【答案】C,知识与要点,Great changes_in our country since the 29th Olympic Games.A.have taken placeB.took placeC.have been taken placeD.are happening【解析】take place为不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态中，由句中时间状语since the 29th Olympic Games 可确定句子的时态为现在完成时。【答案】A,知识与要点,2.in memory of纪念；追念归纳拓展（1）to the memory
21、 of=in memory of为了纪念have a good/bad memory for sth.善于记/不善于记bring back good memories引起对美好往事的回忆within sb.s memory就某人记忆所及,知识与要点,（2）相似短语:in favor of支持，赞同，对某人有利in face of面临，面对in honour of为纪念；为了向表示敬意in need of需要in place of代替in case of万一in charge of负责；掌管in search of寻找in terms of 谈及；就而言,知识与要点,He wrote a poe
22、m to the memory of/in memory of those who died in Sichuan earthquake.他写了这首诗以纪念那些在四川地震中死去的人们。Not everyone has a good memory for English words.并非每个人都善于记英语单词。In case of fire,ring the alarm bell.万一失火，请按报警器。,知识与要点,【链接训练】A ceremony was held_ those who had died in the Yushu earthquake on April 21,2010.A.in
23、 need ofB.in search ofC.with the help ofD.in memory of【解析】句意为：2010年4月21日举行的仪式来纪念在玉树大地震中死去的人。in need of“需要”；in search of“寻找”；with the help of“在帮助下”；in memory of“纪念，追念”。由句意可知选D项。【答案】D,知识与要点,_ the numbers in employment,the hotel industry was the second largest industry in this country last year.A.In sp
24、ite ofB.In case ofC.In terms ofD.In praise of【解析】考查介词短语的用法。in spite of“尽管”;in case of“以防万一”；in terms of“就而言”；in praise of“为赞扬”。根据题意可知答案为C。【答案】C,知识与要点,3.dress up穿上盛装；(乔装)打扮；装饰归纳拓展dress vt.&vi.（给）穿衣服dress sb.up给某人化妆打扮dress sb./oneself给某人/自己穿衣be dressed in穿着衣服（表状态）,知识与要点,The boy is old enough to dress
25、himself.这男孩足够大了，已经可以自己穿衣服了。Dont bother to dress upcome as you are.用不着穿讲究的衣服，就穿平常的衣服来吧。The bride was dressed in a white silk dress.新娘穿着一件白色的丝质礼服。,知识与要点,同类辨析dress，wear，put on 与 have on（1）dress是动作动词，可用作及物动词和不及物动词，表示“给（人）穿衣/打扮”。作及物动词用时后面的宾语是表示人的名词、代词或反身代词。常见的用法有dress sb./oneself，be dressed（in），get dress
26、ed等。（2）wear是状态动词，表示“穿戴、佩戴（手表、首饰、花等），留（发型、胡须等）”；还可表示“面露、面带（某种表情、样子等）”，意义广泛。（3）put on 是动作动词短语，表示“穿（衣）戴（帽）”，后面的宾语是表示衣服、鞋、帽、手套、袜子、眼镜等的名词。（4）have on 是状态动词短语，除了表示“穿着，戴着”之外，还可表示树木等“披着，挂着”，不用进行时态。,知识与要点,He put on his coat and went out.他穿上外套走了出去。Its autumn.But the trees still have leaves on.现在是秋天，但树叶还挂在树上。Sh
27、e was wearing a diamond necklace.她戴着钻石项链。,知识与要点,【链接训练】On Halloween,children in America like to_as ghosts to frighten people.A.take upB.make upC.dress upD.turn up【解析】考查动词短语的用法。dress up as意为“装扮成”。make up意为“构成；编造”；take up意为“占据；开始从事”；turn up意为“出现；把声音调大”。由句意可知选C。【答案】C,知识与要点,She has to_her little son and
28、get everything ready for lunch before going to work.A.get upB.DressC.put onD.wear【解析】dress sb.“给某人穿衣服”。【答案】B,知识与要点,4.look forward tolook forward to sth./doing sth.期待某事/做某事，其中to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。归纳拓展常见的带有介词to的动词短语：be/get/become used to习惯于stick to坚持object to反对devote.to.献身于；把致力于prefer.to.比起更喜欢get down
29、 to开始认真地做pay attention to注意lead to导致,知识与要点,The children are looking forward to visiting the Summer Palace.孩子们期待着去参观颐和园。Rose has been used to getting up early.露丝已经习惯于早起。Please pay more attention to speaking English every day.请多加注意每天说英语。,知识与要点,【链接训练】She must be looking forward as much to his return as
30、 he himself is to_her.A.seeB.have seenC.seeingD.be seeing【解析】考查look forward to doing sth.“期盼做某事”结构，此处himself is后省略了looking forward。【答案】C,知识与要点,The moment we had been looking forward to_at last.A.comeB.have comeC.comingD.came【解析】句意为：我们一直在期待着的时刻最后终于到了。本句中we had been looking forward to是定语从句，修饰the momen
31、t;主句的谓语是空缺部分，空缺部分不是介词to的宾语。【答案】D,知识与要点,5.turn up（1）到场，出席（某活动）（2）把（收音机等的）音量开大一些Please be patient.He will turn up soon.请耐心点，他很快就到。Please turn the radio up,I cant hear it clearly.请把收音机的音量调大一点，我听不清楚。,知识与要点,归纳拓展turn down关小；拒绝；（音量）调低turn out结果是；生产；制造turn in呈交；上交turn over翻转；移交；反复考虑turn back 折回，翻回到turn roun
32、d 转身；回转,知识与要点,If the day turns out rainy we may have to change our plans.万一下雨的话，我们也许得改变计划。He asked Jane to marry him but she turned him down.他请求简嫁给他，但她拒绝了。,知识与要点,【链接训练】Many important leaders of different countries _ at the opening ceremony of the 2010 Shanghai Expo held on April 30,2010.A.turned upB
33、.turned downC.turned onD.turned over【解析】turn up意为“出席”；turn down意为“拒绝”；turn on意为“打开”；turn over意为“移交”。句意为：许多不同国家的重要领导人出席了在2010年4月30日举行的2010年上海世博会开幕式。【答案】A,知识与要点,6.keep ones word 守信用；履行诺言注意：keep ones word 相当于 keep ones promise，反义短语是 break ones word/promise。注意两短语中的 word 不可数，无复数形式。,知识与要点,归纳拓展get in a wor
34、d 插话/嘴have a word with sb.与某人谈话have words with sb.与某人吵架in a/one word 简言之，总之in other words（=that is to say）换句话说leave word 留言word for word 一字不差地；逐字地Word came that.有消息传来（word为“消息”时，为不可数名词）,知识与要点,She is a girl who always keeps her word.她是一个很讲信用的女孩。They asked him to leavein other words，he was fired.他们请他走
35、人，也就是说，他被解雇了。Can I have a word with you？我可以和你说几句话吗？Word came that the Houston Rockets won the game again.消息传来，休斯敦火箭队又赢得了比赛。,知识与要点,【链接训练】Could you_me for my not keeping my _？A.sorry；wordB.pardon；wordsC.forgive；promiseD.excuse；promises【解析】空一考查固定短语forgive sb.for doing sth.“原谅某人做某事”，空二考查keep ones word=k
36、eep ones promise“履行诺言”。句意为：你能原谅我没有履行诺言吗？【答案】C,知识与要点,7.set off（1）出发；动身，启程；相当于set out或start off。如果表示“出发去某地”，要用for加表示地点的名词。（2）引爆，燃放（3）引起,知识与要点,归纳拓展set out for=set off for=leave for出发到某地去set aside留出，拨出set down停下；记下；写下set up设置，建立；开办,知识与要点,My father will set off for Shanghai tomorrow morning.明天早晨我爸爸将动身前往上
37、海。A gang of boys were setting off fireworks in the street.一群男孩子在街上放烟火。That joke set off laughter.那个笑话引起哄堂大笑。They set out on the last stage of their journey.他们动身踏上最后一段旅程。,知识与要点,【链接训练】Reportedly yesterday a group of American soldiers were walking along the road in Iraq when a bomb was _,three of whom
38、were killed.A.set aboutB.set offC.set upD.set out【解析】考查set短语的用法。set about“着手，开始”；set off“出发，动身，引爆，燃放”；set up“建立，设立，创立，搭起，支起”；set out“动身，出发，着手，开始”。由题意“炸弹爆炸”知选B。【答案】B,知识与要点,8.It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave.很明显，咖啡馆的经理在等着李方离开句子中it作形式主语，其后的that从句才是句子的真
39、正主语。it作形式主语，可以代替不定式、动名词、从句，置于句首没有具体意义，而只是帮助把真正的主语移至句子末尾，使句子显得更平衡。,知识与要点,归纳拓展it常见句式归纳（1）Its a pity（a shame，a fact，a wonder.）that.It is strange（obvious，true，good，possible，likely，clear.）that.It seems（happens，turns out，occurs to me.）that.It is said（reported，decided，expected.）that.（2）It is important（easy
40、,hard,difficult,possible,necessary.）for sb.to do sth.It is a pity（a shame,a pleasure,ones duty,bad manners.）for sb.to do sth.It is kind（nice,wise,brave,silly,polite,friendly.）of sb.to do sth.,知识与要点,Its nice of you to look after the homeless children.你真善良，照顾这些无家可归的孩子们。Its impossible for us to get the
41、re in time.我们不可能及时到达那里。Its a pity that we cant go.遗憾的是我们不能去。It is obvious that he is a brave man.很明显他是一个勇敢的人。It is decided that the meeting has been put off till next Monday.大家一致决定把会议推迟到下周一。,知识与要点,【链接训练】Does_matter whether he can finish the job on time？A.thisB.ThatC.heD.it【解析】it此处是形式主语，whether he ca
42、n finish the job on time为真正的主语。【答案】D,知识与要点,It is_you to take his advice,or else,you would be in great trouble now.A.clever forB.wise ofC.suitable forD.silly of【解析】考查it is+adj.+of sb.to do sth.，其后的形容词为表示人的品质等方面的词，此时of不可换为for。【答案】B,知识与要点,_ is known to us all that the modern city has been set up in wha
43、t was a wasteland 20 years ago.A.AsB.ItC.ThisD.What【解析】若选引导定语从句的A项as，应将题干中的that改为逗号；C项不合语法：；若选引导主语从句的D项what，应将题干中all之后添加谓语is。故此处用it作形式主语，that从句为真正的主语。【答案】B,知识与要点,要点三：语法：情态动词（）一、概述情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的某种态度，认为其“可能”“应当”“必须”等等。情态动词本身词义不完全，不能单独作谓语动词，除ought to和used to以外，后面必须和不带to的不定式（动词原形）连用。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。但有
44、些情态动词，如can，will，dare有一般时和过去时的变化。情态动词的“时态”形式并不是区分时间的主要标志。不少情况下，情态动词的现在时形式和过去时形式都可用来表示现在时间、过去时间和将来时间。,知识与要点,二、用法归纳1.can和could(1)表示能力，译为“能，会”。(2)表示请求和允许（表示请求时，口语中常用could代替can，使语气更委婉，但回答时用can），常译为“可以”。（3）表示理论上或习惯上的可能性（用于肯定的陈述句中）。Accidents can happen at any time.事故随时可能发生。（4）表示对现在或过去情况的推测，只用于疑问句或否定句中。Can
45、she be in the classroom?她可能在教室吗？No,she cant be in it.不，她不可能在教室里。,知识与要点,诱导展望can 和 be able to 都可以表示能力，意思上没有区别。（1）can只有现在时和过去时（could），而be able to 则有更多的时态变化。（2）can一般指自身具有的能力，而be able to则表示经过一段时间的努力后所具有的能力，相当于manage to do或succeed in doing。Ill be able to speak French in a few months.几个月后我将会说法语。,知识与要点,2.ma
46、y 和 might(1)表示许可或征询对方许可，有“可以”的意思。对其一般疑问句的肯定回答可用may或can，否定回答时，一般要用mustnt或cant，表示“禁止，不可以”之意。口语中常用might代替may，表示委婉语气。(2)表示可能性，对现在或过去情况的推测，有“或许，可能”的意思，一般只用于肯定句中，用might代替may时，语气显得更不肯定。It may be true.这可能是真的。She may/might come tomorrow.她明天可能会来。(3)may 用于祈使句中表示祝愿。May you succeed！祝你成功！,知识与要点,3.will和would(1)用于表
47、示意志、意愿或决心。有“愿意，要”的意思。will指现在，would指过去的意愿和决心。Ill never do that again.我再也不那么做了。They said they would help us.他们说他们会帮助我们的。(2)表示请求、建议等，用于第二人称疑问句中，用would比用will更委婉、客气些。Will/Would you please pass him the book？你把这本书递给他好吗？,知识与要点,(3)表示习惯性动作或某种倾向，意为“总是，习惯于”。will指现在，would指过去习惯性的动作或倾向。Oil will float on water.油总是浮
48、在水面上。(4)表示功能：，意为“能，行”。That will be all right.那样就行。(5)用于否定式，表示“不肯，不乐意”。No matter what I said，he wouldnt listen to me.无论我说什么，他都不肯听我的。,知识与要点,同类辨析would 与 used towould和used to二者均表示“过去常常”。would 可用来表示过去反复出现的习惯性动作，现在有可能还如此，但不能表示过去存在的状态；而used to 则着眼于过去和现在的对比，隐含有已不复如此之意，动作或状态都可表示。On Sunday he would go to the
49、park to play chess.以前每到星期天他总是到公园去下棋。He used to be a naughty boy.He used to make a lot of trouble.他过去是个淘气的孩子，总是惹很多麻烦。,知识与要点,4.shall 和 should(1)shall 用于第一人称、第三人称的疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。Shall we begin our lesson？我们可以开始上课了吗？When shall he be able to leave the hospital？他什么时候能出院？,知识与要点,(2)shall 用于第二人称、第三人
50、称的陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、许诺或威胁等。You shall go with me.你要跟我一块去。（表示命令）You shall have the book when I finish reading it.我看完后你就可以看这本书了。（表示许诺）He shall be punished.他会受到惩罚的。（表示威胁或警告）(3)should 用于表示劝告和建议，作“应该”讲，其同义词是ought to。You should keep your promise.你应该遵守你的诺言。,知识与要点,(4)should表示推测，意为“可能，应该”。这种推测往往有一定的根据，含有“按道
