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1、大学英语四级阅读辅导 深度阅读 篇,Interesting English,He is eating humble pie.的意思是？他喜欢吃甜饼。他苦尽甘来。他在忏悔。lady killer 的意思是？师奶杀手 杀人犯 剩女,3S lady（Single、Seventies、Stuck),（happiness comes after suffering）,murderer,ababaaabbbbaaaabababaabbaaabbbb.(打一英文日常问候语),Ans.=long time no C,四大出题点,2,3,4,一、因果关系出题点,一般来说，题干要求考生找出文章中提及的某一信息发生
2、的原因，但回原文后发现，往往没有明显的表示因果关系的词语，如because,so,as a result等。这时就要对英语文中常用的表示因果关系的方式有所了解。,1、动词表示因果关系,2、句子的先后顺序表示因果关系,3、不明显的因果关系词,4、用引语来解释因果关系,1、动词表示因果关系,表示因果关系的动词和动词短语通常包括：attribute to（归因于）,derive from（来源于）,originate from（来源于）,stem from（来源于）,contribute to（导致）,produce（产生）,give birth to（产生）,breed（孕育）等。,When fa
3、milies gather for Christmas dinner,some will stick to formal traditions dating back to Grandmas generation.Their tables will be set with the good dishes and silver,and the dress code will be Sunday-best.But in many other homes,this china-and-silver elegance has given way to a stoneware(粗陶)-and-stain
4、less informality,with dresses assuming an equally casual-Friday look.For hosts and guests,the change means greater simplicity and comfort.For makers of fine china in Britain,it spells economic hard times.,1.The trend toward casual dining has resulted in_.A)bankruptcy of fine china manufacturersB)shr
5、inking of the pottery industryC)restructuring of large enterprisesD)economic recession in Great Britain,B,答案是：,2、句子的先后顺序表示因果关系,相邻句子之间有语义上的关联性，这种关联性有时候会构成逻辑上的因果关系。,Pass,It is 37 years later.Stokoenow devoting his time to writing and editing books and journals and to producing video materials on ASL a
6、nd the deaf culture is having lunch at a caf near the Gallaudet campus and explaining how he started a revolution.For decades educators fought his idea that signed languages are natural languages like English,French and Japanese.They assumed language must be based on speech,the modulation(调节)of soun
7、d.But sign language is based on the movement of hands,the modulation of space.What I said,Stokoe explains,is that language is not mouth stuffits brain stuff.,24.Most educators objected to Stokoes idea because they thought.A)sign language was not extensively used even by deaf peopleB)sign language wa
8、s too artificial to be widely acceptedC)a language should be easy to use and understandD)a language could only exist in the form of speech sounds,答案是：,D,3、不明显的因果关系词,At first sight,the house on Sullivans Island looks anything but hurricane-proof.Its redwood shell makes it resemble“a large party lante
9、rn(灯笼)”at night,according to one observer.But looks can be deceiving.The houses wooden frame is reinforced with long steel rods to give it extra strength.,37.The award-winning beach house is quite strong because _.A)it is strengthened by steel rodsB)it is made of redwoodC)it is in the shape of a she
10、llD)it is built with timber and concrete,答案是：,A,timb,4、用引语来解释因果关系,文章中往往会引用某位人士的话语，对某现象或行为进行解释，所以如果与题干对应的定位点的附近有引语，那么原因很可能就在该引语中。,Pass,Dale Carnegie suggested as much more than 50 years ago:Hard work alone doesnt ensure career advancement.You have to be able to sell yourself and your ideas,both publi
11、cly and behind the scenes.Yet,despite the obvious rewards of engaging in office politics a better job,a raise,praise many people are still unable or unwilling to play the game.People assume that office politics involves some manipulative(工于心计的)behavior,says Deborah Comer,an assistant professor of ma
12、nagement at Hofstra University.But politics derives from the word polite.It can mean lobbying and forming associations.It can mean being kind and helpful,or even trying to please your superior,and then expecting something in return.,13、Why are many people unwilling to“play the game”？A)They believe t
13、hat doing so is impractical.B)They feel that such behavior is unprincipled.C)They are not good at manipulating colleagues.D)They think the effort will get them nowhere,答案是：,B,返回,二、转折关系出题点,转折关系出题点是指，当我们通过题干信息回原文定位时，如果定位句或定位句前后出现了转折词，如however,but,yet,nevertheless,on the contrary等，则正确答案可能就在该句中。例如：,“Chi
14、ldren are affected by the same time crunch(危机)that affects their parents,”says Sandra Hofferth,who headed the recent study of childrens timetable.A chief reason,she says,is that more mothers are working outside the home.(Nevertheless,children in both double-income and“male breadwinner”households spe
15、nt comparable amounts of time interacting with their parents 19 hours and 22 hours respectively.In contrast,children spent only 9 hours with their single mothers.),According to the author,the reason given by Sandra Hofferth for the time crunch is _.A)quite convincingB)partially true C)totally ground
16、lessD)rather confusing,答案是：,B,返回,三、对比关系出题点,这类考题的主要特点是：原文中出现一组对比关系，题目一般要求考生判断构成对比关系的两种事物的差异性或相同之处。例如：,Im usually fairly skeptical about any research that concludes that people are either happier or unhappier or more or less certain of themselves than they were 50 years ago.While any of these statemen
17、ts might be true,they are practically impossible to prove scientifically.Still,I was struck by a report which concluded that todays children are significantly more anxious than children in the 1950s.In fact,the analysis showed,normal children ages 9 to 17 exhibit a higher level of anxiety today than
18、 children who were treated for mental illness 50 years ago.,23.According to an analysis,compared with normal children today,children treated as mentally ill 50 years ago _.A)were less isolated physicallyB)were probably less self-centeredC)probably suffered less from anxietyD)were considered less ind
19、ividualistic,答案是：,C,返回,四、例证与观点关系出题点,对例子所证明的观点提问：当题干出现list,mention the example to indicate,prove,illustrate,demonstrate,suggest,infer 等表达，即题干要求考生找出例子所证明的是什么观点。对例子内容本身的提问：如果出题人想考查的是例子本身，那么只要在题干中提供可以定位的信息就可以了。,Lets learn some new words,Privatization.praivitaizeinn.私有化 Revenge报仇,报复 monopoly mnplin.垄断,独占
20、,专利,控制,Privatization,or the threat of it,is a motivation as well.Monopolies(垄断者)that until recently have been free to take their customers for granted now fear what Michael Perry,a marketing professor,calls the revengeful(报复的)consumer.When the government opened up competition with Bezaq,the phone co
21、mpany,its international branch lost 40%of its market share,even while offering competitive rates.Says Perry,People wanted revenge for all the years of bad service.The electric company,whose monopoly may be short-lived,has suddenly stopped requiring users to wait half a day for a repairman.Now,appoin
22、tments are scheduled to the half-hour.,If someone in Israel today needs a repairman in case of a power failure,_.A)they can have it fixed in no time B)its no longer necessary to make an appointmentC)the appointment takes only half a day to make D)they only have to wait half an hour at mostWhy did Be
23、zaqs international branch lose 40%of its market share?A)Because the rates it offered were not competitive enough.B)Because customers were dissatisfied with its past service.C)Because the service offered by its competitors was far better.D)Because it no longer received any support from the government
24、,答案是：,D,B,Word List 额外成就感,opportunitypressurepersistencecommunitywidespreadattributebeneficialcommercialmine,n.机会，时机n.压力，压迫n.坚持不懈，持续n.社区；大众，公众a.散布广的；普遍的n.特征;v.把归因于a.有益的，有利的a.商业的 n.商业广告n.地雷；矿,返回,指代关系的考查,解法简要的归纳为：向前找指代,Third World,毛泽东指出美国和前苏联两个超级大国是第一世界，亚洲（除日本外）、非洲、拉丁美洲及其他地区发展中国家是第三世界，处于两者之间的发达国家是第二世界
25、。第三世界国家绝大多数过去都是帝国主义的殖民地或附属国，它们取得政治独立后，还面临着肃清殖民主义残余势力、发展民族经济、巩固民族独立的历史任务。它们是维护世界和平的重要力量。,Brazils population growth rate has dropped from 2.99%a year between 1951 and 1960 to 1.93%a year between 1981 and 1990,and Brazilian women now have only 2.7 children on average.Martine says this figure may have f
26、allen still further since 1990,an achievement that makes it the envy of many other Third World countries.,Martine puts it down to,among other things,soap operas(通俗电视连续剧)and installment(分期付款)plans introduced in the 1970s.Both played an important,although indirect,role in lowering the birth rate.Brazi
27、l is one of the worlds biggest producers of soap operas.Global,Brazils most popular television network shows three hours of soaps six nights a week,while three others show at least one hour a night.Most soap operas are based on wealthy characters living the high life in big cities.,The phrase“put it
28、 down to”is closest in meaning to _.A)attributes it toB)sumps it up asC)finds it a reason forD)compares it to,答案是：,A,第三世界是指经济发展比较落后，在国际政治经济关系中地位比较低的国家和地区。第三世界包括亚洲、非洲、拉丁美洲及其他地区的130多个国家。第三世界国家也称为发展中国家。世界银行行长佐利克发表演讲指出，国际金融危机正促使世界格局发生重大变化，发展中国家正在快速崛起，第三世界概念已经不再适用，未来十年世界将大不一样。,下一页：例2,The reality that has
29、 blocked my path to become the typical successful student is that engineering and the liberal arts simply dont mix as easily as I assumed in high school.Individually they shape a person in very different ways;together they threaten to confuse.The struggle to reconcile the two fields of study is diff
30、icult.,The word“they”in“together they threaten to confuse.”refers to _ A)engineering and the liberal arts.B)reality and noble ideals C)flexibility and a value system D)practicality and rationality,答案是：,A,Word List 额外成就感,essentialsymptomappropriateconcretecomplicateddisputeeliminatepessimisticprosperity,a.非常重要的；本质的n.症状；征兆a.适当的，恰当的n.水泥，混凝土 a.具体的a.复杂的，难懂的n/v.争论v.除去，排除a.悲观的n.繁荣；成功,Thank you for your cooperation,
