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1、Unit 2,Unit 2 Fit for life,Welcome to the unit,As we all know,health is very important to everyone.Do you know how to keep healthy?,Lead-in,right food,regular exercise,What will you do when you dont feel well?,take medicine,have an injection,1.Do you know what kind of medicines or treatments we need
2、 when we catch a cold,get a stomachache or break a leg?2.Can you list as many jobs as possible that relate to medicine?,Work in pairs,1.a person who prepares and sells medicine2.a person who examines peoples eyes to see if they need to wear glasses,a chemist,an eye doctor,A guessing game,3.a person
3、who takes care of peoples teeth4.a person who has general skill to treat physical problems5.a person who performs medical operations6.a person who helps doctors to look after patients,a dentist,a physician,a surgeon,a nurse,What are their jobs?,Chemist.,What are they doing?What can acupuncture do?,W
4、hat are the doctors and nurses doing?,What are they doing?Do you have good eyesight?How can you protect your eyes?,Have you ever used traditional Chinese medicine?What was it like?,Discussion,ReadingTwo life-saving medicines,Whats this medicine called in English?,aspirin,And whats this medicine call
5、ed in English?,penicillin,Have you ever taken aspirin and penicillin?,1.What are the two medicines mentioned in the article?2.When was penicillin first discovered?3.What award did Fleming,Florey and Chain share?,In 1928.（35）,The Nobel Prize in Medicine.（54）,Aspirin and penicillin.,Read quickly and f
6、ind the answers to the following questions.,Fast reading,When did people find that drinking a special tea could reduce fever and pain?2.When was aspirin first made?,In 1897.（12）,Read the passage carefully and answer some detailed questions:,Detailed reading,About 3,500 years ago.（8）,3.What other thi
7、ngs can aspirin help with besides reducing fever and pain?It can also help reduce the risk of heart attacks by thinning blood,prevent a strokes,reduce the risk of some cancers,increase the length of peoples lives and help with diabetes.,4.Where did Alexander Fleming find penicillin?In a mould that k
8、illed bacteria.（38-39）5.What illnesses did Fleming think the mould might be used to treat?It might be used to treat illnesses caused by bacteria.（41-42）,6.What difficulties did Fleming have in developing penicillin as a drug?First he was unable to find a procedure to make penicillin pure enough to w
9、ork as a medicine.Second,it was difficult to produce penicillin in the ample quantities needed to be effective.(43-45),The development of aspirin,sold in shops in the form of tablets(16),proved to reduce the risk of heart attacks(23&21),Read the passage again and try to fill in the following form.,F
10、urther reading,used to prevent a strokes(24),used to reduce blood sugar levels（28）,The development of penicillin,discovered by Alexander Fleming（34）,made and tested in large quantities（45-48）,mass production began（49-50）,1 revolution2 beneficial 3 possess4 circulate 5 astonish6 approval7 accelerate,
11、a having a good effectb surprise someone very muchc agreement to go ahead with a plan or an idead have or own somethinge make something happen faster than usualf a great change that affects many peopleg move around a place or system without stopping,New drugs are found in many different ways.Some vi
12、tal medicines have been found because scientists were looking for them.,Read this passage about how new drugs are discovered.Complete it with the words in the box.,application unable sicknesses potential abnormal effective,For example,Dr Felix Hoffmann knew of different traditional medicines that co
13、uld provide relief for symptoms such as fever and pain.However,these traditional medicines had the _ of either causing people to bleed or have a severe stomach upset,or they were too weak to be _.,application unable sicknesses potential abnormal effective,potential,effective,Dr Hoffmann was able to
14、pick out one of these traditional medicines and make it more beneficial.Thus,aspirin was born.Today,researchers all over the world are exploring traditional medicines to see how they can be improved and applied in modern medicine.Other drugs are discovered by accident.For example,Alexander Fleming w
15、as not looking for penicillin,but was doing research on something else.,Fleming would have been _ to make his discovery if he had ignored the mould.Since it was _ for mould to be in that lab dish,something must have gone wrong.Perhaps the dish had not been cleaned using the proper procedures.,applic
16、ation unable sicknesses potential abnormal effective,unable,abnormal,Perhaps a window had been opened,and the mould had been carried in by the wind.We will never know.However,with the _ of his discovery,millions of people have been cured of different _.What other happy accidents may happen in the fu
17、ture,saving many lives?,application unable sicknesses potential abnormal effective,sicknesses,application,1.What would the world be like if the two medicines had not been discovered?2.Do you believe that mew medicines will be invented to treat diseases like AIDS in the future?,Discussion,Language po
18、ints,1.Nearly 3500 years ago,people chewed on leaves or drank a kind of tea made from leaves possessing a special chemical to reduce body pain and fever.（8-10）possess vt.拥有，具有 e.g.The province possesses rich mineral resources.该省拥有丰富的矿藏。,2.The first trials of this medicine took place in 1899,when the
19、 company Hoffmann worked for began distributing the medicine in power form to physicians to use with patients.1)trial n.试验 e.g.The trials show that smoking will do harm to people.试验显示抽烟对人体有害。,2)短语 in form/in the form of 意为“以形式”。e.g.Many people express their needs in the form of complaints.许多人通过抱怨来表达
20、自己的需 求。,3.Not only has aspirin proved vital for reducing fever and helping stop pain,but there are also other things that(18)vital adj.极其重要的，必不可少的 当它作表语并后接从句时，从句中的谓 语要用“(should)+动词原形”的形式。e.g.It is vital that every piece of equipment(should)be checked before the experiment.实验之前检查所有设备是至关重要的。,4.Fleming
21、 tried this mould out on another bacterium and found that it killed the bacterium too.(38-39）try something out on“在上试验某物”e.g.The drug has not been tried out on humans yet.这种药物尚未进行过人体试验。,5.Lawrence Craven,a doctor from the USA,introduced the idea in 1953 that aspirin had the potential to reduce the r
22、isk of heart attacks,because it helped the blood circulate better.（19-22）circulate vi.&vt.循环；传播，散布；传递，传阅,e.g.The document was previously circulated in New York at the United Nations.这份文件先前在纽约的联合国总部传 阅过。Cooking odors can circulate throughout the entire house.做饭的香味可以传到家里的各个角落。,6.Second,it was difficul
23、t to produce penicillin in the ample quantities needed to be effective.(44-45)effective adj.有效的；实际的，事实上的；生效的 e.g.Simple antibiotics are effective against this organism.一般的抗生素能够有效对抗这种微生物。,They have had effective control of the area since the security forces left.自从安全部队撤离后，他们实际上控制了该地区。The new rules wi
24、ll become effective in the next few days.新规定将在几天后生效。,1.Nearly 3,500 years ago,people chewed on leaves or drank a kind of tea made from leaves possessing a special chemical to reduce body pains and fever.(8-10),难句解析,句子结构分析：句中made from leaves 是过去分词短语，用作_的后置定语；possessing a special chemical 是现在分词短语，用作_的
25、后置定语。,a kind of tea,leaves,2.It was in 1897 that a European chemistcalled Dr Felix Hoffmann produced aspirinfrom this medical.(12-13),1)句子结构分析：这是一个强调句型，对时间“in 1897”进行强调。a European chemist produced aspirin为句子主干；called Dr Felix Hoffmann为动词过去分词短语作_；from this chemical为介词短语作_。,定语,状语,2)语言知识分析：It was in 18
26、97 that.强调时间“in 1897”，意为“就是在1897年”。a European chemist called Dr Felix Hoffmann意为“一个名叫Dr Felix Hoffmann的欧洲化学家”，called Dr Felix Hoffmann相当于定语从句who was called Dr Felix Hoffmann。,3.The first trials of this medicine took place in 1899,when the company Hoffmannworked for began distributing the medicine in
27、 powder form to physicians to use with patients.(13-15),1)句子结构分析：在这个长句中，The first trials of this medicine took place in 1899 是主句；when the company.是定语从句，修饰时间1899；,在定语从句中，the company began distributing the medicine to physicians是主句；Hoffmann worked for是定语从句，修饰company；to use with patients作目的状语。,2)语言知识分析
28、：the company Hoffmann worked for意为“Hoffmann为之工作的公司”。,4.Not only has aspirin proved vital for reducing fever and helping stop pain,but there are also other things that aspirin can help with.(18-19),句子结构分析：（1）句中not only位于句首，其所在的分句要用倒装结构，but(also)后的分句不用倒装。如：Not only did the poor man lose his job,but he
29、 was also sent to prison.这个可怜的人不仅丢了工作，而且还被送进了监狱。（2）句中that aspirin can help with为定语从句，修饰前面的other things。,If you open up any medicine cupboard or go to any medicine counter in the world,it is like that you will find aspirin and penicillin.考点 同位语从句,考点考例,考例 A warm thought suddenly came to me _ I might u
30、se the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mothers birthdayA.if B.when C.that D.which点拨 选。从句中成分齐全，that在从句中不作成分。,2.It was in 1897 that a European chemist called Dr Felix Hoffmann produced aspirin from this medical.考点 强调句型:it is.that/when/who.,考例1 He got his first book published.It turned out to b
31、e a bestseller.When was _?_ was in 2000 when he was still in college.A.that;This B.this;It C.it;This D.that;It,点拨 选D。第一个that是指示代词，用来指前面提到的事；第二个空是强调句型it is.when.，强调时间状语，回答第二个句子中对时间的提问。,考例2 It is not who is right but what is right _ is of importance.A.which B.it C.that D.this点拨 选C。本句为It is.that.强调句型，去掉It is.that.，剩下的是一个完整的句子。,
