翻译技巧词义的选择引伸和褒贬.ppt
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1、1,新编英汉翻译教程 A NEW COURSEBOOK ON ENGLISH-CHINESE TRANSLATION,第六章 翻译技巧之 词义的选择、引伸和褒贬,2,Diction in translation(词义的选择),Diction means the proper choice of words and phrases in the target language on the basis of accurate comprehension of the source language text.,12345,3,英汉两种语言都有一词多类、一词多义的现象。一词多类就是指一个词往往属于
2、几个词类,具有几个不同的意义。一词多义就是说同一个词在同一个词类中,又往往有几个不同的词义。在英汉翻译过程中,我们在弄清原句结构后就要善于选择和确定原句中关键词的词义。选择和确定词义通常从以下几个方面着手:,4,总体说来,在英汉翻译中要真正准确地理解英语词语的意义,往往要从以下四个方面入手:(1)Distinguish the original meaning of an English word by means of its part of speech(2)Distinguish the original meaning of an English word by means of co
3、ntext(3)Distinguish the original meaning of an English word by means of collocation(4)Distinguish the original meaning of an English word by means of syntax(5)Distinguish the original meaning of an English word by means of field of speciality,5,1.Distinguish the original meaning of an English word b
4、y means of its part of speech Eg.Like 1)He likes mathematics more than physics.他喜欢数学甚于喜欢物理学。(动词)2)In the sunbeam passing through the window there are fine grains of dust shining like gold.在射入窗内的阳光里,细微的尘埃象金子一般在闪闪发光。(前置词)3)He has so many likes and dislikes that its impossible to please him.他好恶爱憎这么多,要讨
5、他欢心是不可能的。(名词)4)Like charges repel;unlike charges attract 相同的电荷相斥,不同的电荷相吸。(形容词)5)No one sings the blues like she did.常布鲁斯歌谁也比不上她。(连词),6,1)Its my right of way,so that lorry must stop or slow down until Ive passed it.我有优先通行权,所以那货车必须停驶或 减慢 车速直 到我走过去为止。2)The fault will right itself if you give it time.只要
6、过一些时候,这个毛病就能自行更正了。3)Your account of what happened is not quite right.你对于发生的事情的叙述不太正确。4)I fell right to the bottom of the stairs.我从楼梯上一直摔倒楼梯下面。,7,2.Distinguish the original meaning of an English word by means of context,12345,8,This war is becoming the most important story of his generation.这场战争将成为这一
7、代人的最重大的事件。It is quite another story now.现在的情况完全不同了。Some reporters who were not included in the sessions broke the story.有些没有参加那次会议的记者把内情捅出去了。Hell be very happy if that story holds up.如果这一说法当真,那他就太高兴了。The Rita Haywoth story is one of the saddest.丽泰海华丝的遭遇算最惨的了。,9,A young man came to the polices office
8、 with a story.一个年轻人来到警察办公室报案。The story about him became smaller and by and by faded out from the American TV.对他的报道越来越少了,不久他就从美国电视上销声匿迹了。Tell me the story of what happened to you.告诉我发生在你身上的一切事情。The story of the opera was printed in the program.这曲戏的故事情节印在了节目单上。Last December,the Post first reported tha
9、t probes were being made in each of those cities,but officials refused to confirm the story.去年12月,邮报首先报道侦察工作已在那些城市里进行,但官员们拒绝证实这条消息。,10,George passed.We passed another town before daylight.我们在天亮前经过了另一个镇。I used to pass the whole evening that way.以前我总是这样消磨整个黄昏。Now the opportunity has passed.现在已经错过机会了。I
10、f I kept on reading,that feeling would pass.如果我继续这样读下去,这种感觉就会消失。That vessel will soon be passing us.那只船就要和我们相遇了。We know what was passing in his mind.我们知道他心理在想什么。,12345,11,3.Distinguish the original meaning of an English word by means of collocation,12,a fast carthe fast growth fast music a fast jour
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