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1、翻译,翻译有没有标准!?,英语老师的情书:,l love three things in this world.Sun,Moon and You.Sun for morning,Moon for night,and You forever.,浮世三千,吾爱有三。日、月与卿。日为朝,月为暮,卿为朝朝暮暮。,When Greek meets Greek,then comes the tug of war.如何翻译!张飞杀岳飞,杀得满天飞。两雄相遇,其斗必烈。He wanted to learn,to know,to teach.他渴望博学广闻,喜欢追根穷源,并且好为人师.他想学习,增长知识,也愿意
2、把自己的知识教给别人。,大翻译家严复曾在天演论讲到:译事三难乃信、达、雅(faithfulness,expressiveness and elegance)。“信”指的是翻译要准确,达指的是不拘泥于原文,雅指的是语句要得体适当。,鲁迅先生的“兼顾两面”论,鲁迅认为:凡是翻译,必须兼顾面,一当然力求其易解,一则保存着原作的丰姿。这就是说,译文既要信又要顺(both faithful to the SL and smooth in expression)。,余光中“变通的艺术”,“翻译如婚姻,是一种两相妥协的艺术。譬如英文译成中文,既不能西风压倒东风,变成洋腔洋调的中文,也不许东风压倒西风,变成油
3、腔滑调的中文,则东西之间势必相互妥协,以求两全之计。至于妥协到什么程度,以及哪一方应该多让一步,神而明之,变通之道,就要看每一位译者自己的修养了。”,试一试,Entitled“Yes to life,No to drugs”,the exhibition showed how serious the drug problem is through pictures and other means.,以“要生命,不要毒品/珍惜生命,远离毒品”为主题的这次展览,通过照片及其他方式向人们展出了毒品问题的严重性。,H.C.Wells was a writer who was largely self-
4、taught and had had a hard struggle to get an education at all.,是一位主要靠自学成才的作家,他完全是历经艰辛才受到教育的。,Strong consideration will be given to applicants with sales experience,service and management familiarity,planning and organizational skills and strong communication and presentation abilities.,有销售经验,熟悉服务和零部
5、件管理工作,有计划及组织技能,交际表述能力强者优先考虑。,文化因素的限制,文化空缺(cultural vacancy)导致词汇空缺 中国特有的事物(China English):中医、中药、武术、菜谱、阴阳、称谓语等等如:“你好,表哥”怎么翻译?Hello,cousin!文化冲突 导致词汇冲突动物:龙-A mythical monster traditionally represented as a gigantic reptile having a lions claws,the tail of a serpent,wings,and a scaly skin.一种传说中的怪物,一般被描述成
6、有狮爪、蛇尾、翅膀及带鳞的皮肤狗-(附后)蝙蝠-have bats in(ones)belfry:To behave in an eccentric,bizarre manner.行为古怪,举止异常颜色词:红、绿、黄等,狗-dog,A person regarded as contemptible:卑鄙小人:You stole my watch,you dog.你偷了我的手表,你这个卑鄙小人Slang【俚语】A person regarded as unattractive or uninteresting.无趣的人:无吸引力的人,令人厌恶的人A hopelessly inferior pro
7、duct or creation:蹩脚货:无可救药的次品或低等创意:“The President had read the speech to some of his friends and they told him it was a dog”(John P.Roche)“总统向他的一些朋友读了那份演讲稿,他们说这是个蹩脚的报告”(约翰P.罗奇),Phrase of Dogs,dog it【俚语】To fail to expend the required effort to do or accomplish something.拈轻怕重,逃避工作:不花费必要的力气去做或者完成某事go to
8、 the dogs-To go to ruin;degenerate.毁灭;堕落put on the dog【非正式用语】-To make an ostentatious display of elegance,wealth,or culture.装模作样:装出斯文、有钱或有文化的样子美俚prostitute,street walker,hooker 妓女,译者的任务,如何提高可译程度:对原语和译语在语言文化方面的差异进行分析,尽力找出最大限度地传达原语信息的方法。如何提高译者的个人修养:多方涉猎-广博的知识和学识 提升悟性-敏感的语言感悟力 勤于实践-亲自体验翻译之难 文化意识-文化蕴藉和参悟力 民族意识-爱国忠诚准确引介,