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1、被动语态,The Passive Voice,被动语态基本用法当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。,变化口诀：宾变主来,主变宾;谓变 be done,时不变;注意数格，抄其余。,His brother washes face every day.,主,谓,宾,Face,is washed,(by,his brother),every day.,1.一般现在时的被动语态：,2.They make shoes in that factory.,Shoes are made(by
2、 them)in that factory.结构：am/is/are+过去分词,Exercises:1)They play football on Sunday.2)Lucy does the homework in the evening.,Football is played by them on Sunday.,The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.,He looked after the little baby yesterday.,The little baby,was looked after,by,him,yesterday.,3
3、.一般过去时：was/were+V.(p.p),Exercises:They built the tall building last year.He took good care of his little brother yesterday.,The tall building was built by them last year.,His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.,They will finish the work in ten days.,The work will be finished(by t
4、hem)in ten days.一般将来时：will+be+过去分词,4.一般将来时：,Exercises:We will have a sports meeting next week.Children will take some photos in the schoolyard tomorrow.,A sports meeting will be had(by us)next week.,Some photos will be taken(by children)in the schoolyard tomorrow.,5含有情态动词的：情态动词+be+过去分词Amy can take g
5、ood care of Gina,Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.,1)He can take care of the baby.2)Lucy may draw the pictures.,The baby can be taken care of by him.,The picture may be drawn by Lucy.,Exercises:,6.现在进行时：Some workers are painting the rooms now,The rooms are being painted by some workers now.现在进行
6、时：am/is/are+being+V（p.p),I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night,My homework was being done(by me)at 8:00 last night.过去进行时：was/were+being+V(p.p),7.过去进行时：,We have made twenty more keys,Twenty more keys have been made by us.现在完成时:have/has+been+V.(p.p),8.现在完成时：,各种时态的被动语态构成,一般现在时：一般过去时：情态动词：一般将来时：现在进
7、行时：现在完成时：过去进行时：,S+am/is/are+doneS+was/were+doneS+can/may/must/should+be+doneS+will+be+doneS+am/is/are+being+doneS+have/has+been+doneS+was/were+being+done,被动语态中的特殊情况1.不及物动词带介词和介词宾语时，在变为被动语态时，仍然要带上介词。(动词后的介词不可省）e.g.The students listen to the teacher carefully in class.被动句：The teacher is listened to ca
8、refully by the students in class.e.g.They look after the new students in the school.被动句：The new students are looked after by them in the school.,2.当动词带有复合宾语(有宾补),并且宾补是省去“to”的动词不定式时，在被动语态中应加上“to”。（即：主动省to，被动加上to。）e.g.They make us do all the work.被动句：We are made to do all the work by them.e.g.We often
9、 hear her sing songs.被动句：She is often heard to sing songs by us.e.g.I saw him walk to school.被动句：He was seen to walk to school by me.这些动词真奇怪，主动句中to 离开，被动句中to回 来。（常考词有：make,see,hear,feel,watch,notice 等。),3.当动词带双宾语时(一个宾语是指人，一个是指物)，将其中指人的宾语提前作被动句的主语时，另一个宾语按顺序照抄下来；如是将指物的宾语提前作被动句的主语，在被动句中则指人宾语前应加“to”或“fo
10、r”。常见加to的动词有:give，send,teach，write,show,pass,ask,tell 常见加for的动词有:make,buy draw,e.g.He gives me a flower everyday.被动1：I am given a flower by him everyday.被动2：A flower is given to me by him everyday.e.g.My mother bought me a computer.被动1：I was bought a computer by my mother.被动2：A computer was bought f
11、or me by my mother.,4.系动词没有被动形式，主动形式表被动意义。常见的有taste（尝起来），sound（听起来），feel（摸起来），look（看起来），smell（闻起来）等.例如：1)The apple tastes good.2)The song sounds gentle.,5.有些动词如:sell（卖），wash（洗），write(写）等与副词well（好），easily（容易地）等连用，描绘事物的特性，用主动表被动。例如：1)The coat washes easily.2)The books sell well,1.People use knives for
12、 cutting things.Knives _ _ for cutting things.2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month.,EXERCISES,are used,are,cleaned,(变被动语态）,5.His doctor made him have only two meals a day.He _ _ _ _ only two meals a day.6.Now people can use
13、 computers to help them.Now computers _ _ _ to help them.,was made to have,can be,used,3.I found the ticket on the floor._ _ _ _ on the floor.4.I told her to return the book in time.She _ _ to return the book in time.,The ticket was found,was told,9.The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.
14、1)_ _ _ some wonderful stamps.2)Some wonderful stamps _ _ _ _.,we were given,were,given to us,7.Did you plant many trees at this time last year?_ _ _ _ at this time last time?8.Must we finish our work today?_ our work_ _ today?,Were many trees planted,Must be finished,10.The teacher asked Tom to tur
15、n on the computer.Tom _ _ to turn on the computer.11.In this factory women do most of the work.Most of the work _ _ by women in this factory.,was asked,is done,12.He can mend the bike in two days.The bike _ _ _ in two days.13.You must take this medicine three times a day.This medicine _ _ _ three ti
16、mes a day.,can be mended,must be,taken,14.The students in this school study German.German _ _ by the students in this school.15.Do they often talk about this question?_ this question often _ about _ _?,is studied,Is,talked,by them,练习：1.Many people speak English.2.They made computers in the U.S.A.3.P
17、eople used knives for cutting things.4.People used metal for making machines.5.They produce silk in Suzhou and Hangzhou.6.They speak English in Canada.,7.They write business letters in English.8.They grow rice in South China.9.They plant many trees in North China.10.Lu Xun wrote this book.11.The wor
18、kers built some bridges.12.We can use the box as a table.13.We should clean the classroom everyday,练习：将下列句子变为被动句。1.Li Lei listens to his father carefully.2.The mother looked after the baby in the room.3.We took care of the things.4.They gave us some work.5.The boy made them laugh all the time.6.My m
19、other buys me a bike.,下列时态的被动语态构成 1.Lucy is watering the trees.2.The boy was mending his bike.3.We have finished our compositions.,看一看 想一想,Homework:1.He cleans the classroom everyday.2.They finished their homework.3.I can mend his bike.4.She will buy ten books tomorrow.5.We shouldnt allow them to go out with their friends.6.The old man often makes us laugh.,
