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1、Enjoy English,Enjoy life!,高考英语阅读解题方法指导猜词技巧难度,How do you deal with the unfamiliar words or phrases while reading?,Ignore them and continue reading,Look them up in the dictionary,Guess the meaning,词义理解题常见的题型有:The underlined word(phrase,term)“”means _.According to the passage,the word“”properly means _
2、.The word“”in paragraph refers to _.By“”,the author means _.Which of the following is closest in meaning to“”?,1.He would _ the gold from his grandma.2.Unlike his brother,Hobart is quite _.,Guess the missing words,Harvey is a thief:he would _ the gold from his grandma and not feel guilty.,steal,Unli
3、ke his brother,who is truly a handsome person,Hobart is quite _.,ordinary-looking,plain/homely,Guessing unknown words/vocabulary,1.The lion has its“territory”,which is an area that an animal,usually the male,claims（声称）as its own.“territory”means _,an area(that-own)动物地盘,2.He is a resolute man.Once he
4、 makes up his mind to do something,he wont give it up halfway.The underlined word means_.A.strong B.determined C.kind D.clever,定语从句或其后的句子其实是一种定义或解释,技巧归纳1:Use _利用_,definition or explanation 定义或解释猜测词义,Signal words:means,refers to,be called,be known as,can be defined as,in other words,that is,that is t
5、o say,定语从句.etc.,Pruning is important because it encourages the growth of tender shoots(嫩芽）,or young leaves of trees.The word“pruning”means_A.Regular cutting（修剪）of the plantsB.Frequent wateringC.Regular use of chemicalsD.Growing the plants high in the mountain技巧归纳 2：Using_ 根据_,common sense or experie
6、nce普通常识和经验,技巧归纳3:利用_ from_,2.The period of adolescence,the period between childhood and adulthood,may be long or short.“adolescence”means_,The period between childhood and adulthood,同义/同位语similarity/appositive,1.In fact,only about 80 ocelots,an endangered wild cat,exist in the U.S.today“ocelot”means
7、 _,an endangered wild cat,The largest player Shanghai Bashi Tourism Car Center offers a wide variety of choices,such as deluxe sedans,minivans,station wagons,coaches.Santana sedans are the big favorite of the tourists.The words“deluxe sedans,”“minivans”and“station wagons”used in the text refer to _.
8、A.cars in the making B.car rental firms C.cars for rent D.car makers,技巧归纳4:利用_,举例 from examples,Signal words：for example，for instance，such as，like，as-as，etc.,技巧归纳5：利用_From_,1.The snow was falling.Big flakes drifted(飘）with the wind like feathers.,2.Unlike her gregarious sister,Jane is a shy person wh
9、o does not like to go to parties or make new friends.,雪花，雪片,爱交际的,比较或对比 comparison or contrast,Signal words:as,like,the same as，unlike,but，however,on the contrary,while,insteadect.,技巧归纳6:利用_ From_,(1)Overwork may cause diseases.over（过分的、过量的）workoverwork“工作过度”。(2)There was a dissatisfied look in the m
10、anagers eyes.dis“不”+satisfied“满意的=dissatisfied“不满意的”。,构词法（前缀、后缀、复合、派生等）Word formation,1.Is he intelligent or stupid?2.Most women in Ghana-the educated and illiterate,the urban and rural,the young and old-work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewives and mothers.Their re
11、putation for economic independence,self-reliance,and hard work is well known and well deserved.The underlined word“illiterate”in the passage means _.A.Repeated B.reiterated.C uneducated D.sick,clever,技巧归纳7:利用_ From_,同义词或反义词的关系猜词。Synonym or Antonym.,I feel that since you are my superior（上司）,it would
12、be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do.”The word“presumptuous”is closest in meaning to“”.Afull of respect B rude and too confident Clacking in experience Dtoo shy and quiet,B,技巧归纳8：利用_ From _,原因与结果关系猜词from Cause and Result,Signal words:because，since,so,suchthat,sothat,ect.,The official asked t
13、he man what his occupation was.The man told him that he worked as an engineer.A.work B.study C.name D.interest技巧归纳9:Use_ 利用_,worked as an engineer.,context or related information上下文的语境,More practice.Finish Exx.1 to 10,then discuss the answers with your group.,猜词技巧Tips for guessing the meaning of wor
14、ds1.利用定义或解释2.利用普通常识和经验3.利用同义/同位语4.利用举例 5.利用比较或对比6.利用构词法（前缀、后缀、复合、派生等）7.利用同义词或反义词8.利用原因与结果关系猜词9.利用上下文的语境,1.A good teacher works in quite a different way.His audience take an active part in his play:they ask and answer questions,they obey orders,and if they dont understand something,they say so.The wo
15、rd“audience”in the paragraph means _.A.students B.people who watch a play C.people who act on the stage D.people who listen to something,常识 teacher-students,2.When some kind of pain killer(止痛药）was brought out recently,researchers found that the colours turned the customers off because they made the
16、product look weak and ineffective（无效的）.The underlined part“the colours turned the customers off”means that the colours_Attracted the customers stronglyHad weak effects on the customersTricked the customers into shoppingCaused the customers to lose interest,D,因果关系because,3.Collins decided that she mu
17、st go,although the hazards of the trip were many,for example,the unbearable heat,the possibility of getting lost,the presence of wild animals and poisonous snakes.“hazard”means _A.pleasure,B.problem,C.danger,D.attraction,C,举例for example,4.In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attenti
18、on to the ordinary players,they strongly blame competition.Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or societyThe underlined phrase“the most vocal”means_Those who try their best to winThose who value competition most highlyThose who are aga
19、inst competition most stronglyThose who rely on others most for success,C,上下文语境context or related information,5.Without examinations,employers will look for employees from the highly respected schools and from families known to thema form of favoritism will replace equality.The word“favoritism is us
20、ed to describe the phenomenon that _.A.bright children also need certificates to get satisfying jobs B.children from well-respected schools tend to have good jobs C.poor children with certificates are favored in job markets D.children attending ordinary schools achieve great success,破折号（定义或同位语）,6.Gr
21、own-ups also have a sense of object permanence.That is to say,if we put a box in a room and lock the door,the box will still be there when we come back.“Object permanence”means that when out of sight,an object _Still exists B.keeps its shapeC.Still stays solid D.is beyond reach,A,1.定义definitionthat
22、is to say 也就是说2.构词法permanentpermanence,7.A childs birthday party doesnt have to be a hassle;instead,it can be a basket of fun,according to Beth Anaclerio,an Evaston mother of two,ages 4 and 18 months.,What does the underlined word hassle“probably mean?A.a party designed by specialists B.a plan requi
23、ring careful thought C.a situation causing difficulty or trouble D.a demand made by guests,比较comparison(instead相反,反而),8.William Shakespeare said.“The web of our life is of a mingled yarn（纱线），good and ill together.”The underlined word“mingled”most probably means.Asimple Bmixed Csad Dhappy,B,definitio
24、n or explanation 定义或解释猜测词义,9.The house looked quite normal outside,but inside it was very exotic with fascinating objects on display.As he began putting them into his bag,a god came into the room.It stopped when it saw Buster,then wagged its tail madly and went over to him,licking his outstretched h
25、and.“Good boy,”Buster whispered.“What a great guard dog you are-trying to lick me to death.”Which of the definitions is closest in meaning to the word“exotic”?A Messy and untidy.B.Rich and expensive.C.Comfortable and calming D.Unusual and foreign.,对比contrast normalbut-unusual,10.Lions are opportunis
26、ts.They prefer to eat without having to do too much work.When resting in the shade,they are also watching the sky to see what is flying by,and even in the heat of the day they will suddenly start up and run a mile across the plains to find out what is going on.If another animal has made a kill,they
27、will drive it off and take the kill for themselves.By describing lions as“opportunists”,the author means to say that lions _.A.are cruel animals B.are clever animalsC.Like to take advantage of（利用）other animalsD.Like to take every chance to eat,构词法及下文解释opportunity-ist,Optional exercises（选做题）,11.He ha
28、d been getting better but during the night his condition deteriorated.,Get worse,12.The animal with the longevity is the giant land tortoise which can live several hundreds years.,长寿,13.They are vertebrates,that is,animals have backbones.文中“vertebrates”的意思是_,脊椎动物,14.She did not hear what you said be
29、cause she was completely engrossed in her reading.,concentrate/focus her attention on,15.But sometimes，no rain falls for a long，long time.Then there is a dry period，or drought.,A long period of shortage of rainfall,16.Do you have any strong opinion on co-educational or single-sex schools?,co（共同的）-ed
30、ucation-al 男女同校教育的,17.Those new comers were not used to the life in the suburbs which was so different from that inside the city.,country,Ex2:“The Dave you saw on TV was the real Dave,”says friend Pat Williams,“He wasnt a great actor or a great speaker.He was just Joe Everybody.”74.“He was just Joe
31、Everybody.”(in the last paragraph)means _.A.Dave was famous B.Dave was ordinary C.Dave was showy D.Dave was shy,Ex3:And if youve gathered your friends around you to rebuild a happy family atmosphere(气氛),you may fear that saying no will bring back the kind of conflict you grew up with-or destroy the
32、nice atmosphere you now enjoy,The underlined word conflict means _.dependent life fierce fight C.bad manners D.painful feeling,Ex.4:Provide incentive.Tell your children the importance of saving.“For every dollar he or she agrees to save and invest rather than spend,you agree to add another dollar to
33、 the pot,”says Cathy Pareto,expert in money planning.,The underlined word“incentive”in this paragraph means _.A Honor B.praise C.excitement D.encouragement,Here is The Pines,whose cook has developed a special way of mixing foreign food such as caribou,wild boar,and reindeer with surprising sauces.（2
34、004年福建卷）According to the passage,The Pines is a.Aplace in which you can see many mobile homesBmountain where you can get a good view of the valleyCtown which happens to be near the Banff National ParkDrestaurant where you can ask for some special kinds of food,Ex.5:Those new comers were not used to
35、the life in the suburbs which was so different from that inside the city.A.town B.capital C.country D.house,the city,1.Do you have any strong opinion on co-educational or single-sex schools?,2.Marry Cassatt gave up her social position and all thought of a husband and a family,which in those times wa
36、s unthinkable for a young lady.,3.Finally,renewable energy sources are used even though they are often expensive to develop.,co-education-al 男女同校教育的,un-think-able 不可思议的,re-new-able 可更新的,可再生的,practice,Practice,Mark Twain was not the authors real name;it was a pseudonym.,2.But sometimes，no rain falls for a long，long time.Then there is a dry period，or drought.,a pen name.,A long period of shortage of rainfall,The house stood at the end of a quiet neat street.The little dwelling,however,looked neglected and cheerless.,
