《it的用处theuseofit英语语法.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《it的用处theuseofit英语语法.ppt（30页珍藏版）》请在三一办公上搜索。
1、Unit 18 Grammar,The Use of“It”,用作人称代词,I cannot find my watch；I must have lost it.,“Where is the cat?“It is under the bed.”,They got a baby and it very lovely.,He smokes a lot in bed and I dont like it.,“Who is it？”“Its me.”,Someone must have been here.But we have no idea who it was.,1.用于指事。It用作人称代词最
2、基本的用法就是代替前面已提到过的事物，以避免重复。,2.用于指动物或婴儿。主要用于指动物或性别不详的婴儿。,3.用于上文提到的情况。,4.用于指人。it 用于指人主要用于确定未知人的身份.,注 意,当it指人时主要用于确定未知的或身份不明的人，若指已知的或身份明确的人，则根据情况使用he或she,I hear a knock at the door.It must be the postmen.Jim is at the door.He wants to see you.It用以指特定的前面提到过的事物，即：it和它替换的是同一个事物，it前无修饰语；而one用于替换与前提事物有共同之处但并不
3、完全一样的事物，而且，one之前或之后常有修饰语来加以区别.I bought a dictionary three years ago and I am still using_ now.I bought a dictionary three years ago but I am going to buy a new _soon.,it,one,对 比 练 习,The vase on the left is more beautiful than _ on the right.I love _ very much.,2.The coffee produced in Brazil is more
4、 famous than _ in Mexico.,the one/that,that,3.His younger sister is taller than the elder _.,4.I need the plastic bags,not the paper_.,one,ones,5.I like the vase better than _in another shop.,6.The windows of your flat are cleaner than _of mine.,7.The style of the building is similar to _of a temple
5、,the one/that,those,that,8.A CD player made in Japan costs more than _ made in China.,one,it,用作非人称代词,1.Its three years since he left here.2.How far is it from here to the station?3.It was very quiet in the garden.4.Its very cold today.Its 37 today.5.If its convenient I can come.I cannot help it.没办法了
6、。.“Hows it going？”“well，not so good.”,用于指时间,用于指距离,用于指环境,用于指天气等自然现象,用于笼统地谈论某情况,take it easy;make it;foot it;stop it;catch it;have had it,基本用法。当不定式、动名词、从句等用作主语时，为避免头重脚轻，通常在句首使用形式 主语it，而把真正的主语放在句子末尾：Is it necessary to do so？I dont think it is any good arguing with him.(3)It doesnt matter what she says.
7、几种特殊的形式主语1.用作动词look、seem、appear、happen、occur、follow 等的主语（后接that从句或as if从句）：It seems as if it is going to rain.It（so）happened that I had no money with me.,用作形式主语,用作形式主语,2.It is clear(obvious，true，possible，certain.)that.该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，常译为“清楚（显然，真的，肯定）”是主语从句最常见的一种结构。It is very clear th
8、at hes round and tall like a tree.=That hes round and tall like a tree is very clear.3.It is important(necessary，right，strange，natural.)that.该句型和上一个同属一个句型；由于主句中的形容词不同，that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should+动词原形）It is important that we(should)learn English well.It is necessary that he(should)remember these words.It
9、 is strange that he should speak to his mother in such a rude way.,用作形式主语,4.It is said(reported,hoped,learned,believed.)that.该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正主语是that 引导的主语从句；该结构常译为“据说（据报道，希望，据悉）”。It is said that he has gone abroad.It is reported that one man was killed in the desert adventure.5.It is suggested/advi
10、sed(ordered/demanded/insisted/commanded/proposed.)that.该句型和上一个同属一个句型，主句中的过去分词是表示请求，建议，命令等词时，that后的从句要用虚拟语气（should+动词原形），should 可以省；常译为“据建议；有命令）It is suggested that the meeting(should)be put off.It was ordered that we(should)arrive there in two hours.,用作形式主语,6.It is a pity(a shame.)that.该句型中，that后的从句
11、一般用虚拟语气（should+动词原形），should可省去表示出乎意料，常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。It is a pity that such a thing(should)happen in your class.It is a pity that he is ill.他生病了，真遗憾.7.It is time(high time)that.该句型中that 后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是 常用过去时态表示虚拟 有时也用should+动词原形，should 不能省，常译为“是（正是）的时侯”It is time that children should go t
12、o bed.=It is time that children went to bed.,用作形式主语,8.It is the first(second.)time that.该句型要和上一个句型区别开来，该句型中的 that 从句不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态。至于用什么完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时，后面从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，后面从句则用过去完成时态，该结构中 that 可以省去；it有时用 this/that替换常译为“是第一（二）次”。It is the first time I have been here.=This is the first t
13、ime I have been here.That was the third time that you had made the same mistake.,用作形式宾语,基本用法：当不定式、动名词、从句等用作宾语且其后跟有宾补时,就应在宾补前使用形式宾语,而将真正的宾语移到句末,即“动词it宾语补足语真正宾语”这样的结构，:We found it difficult to persuade her.Our school make it a rule that all the students wear the school uniform on the campus.几种特殊的形式宾语,
14、其后没有宾补：由于介词后通常不能直接跟从句作宾语，有个别特殊结构就在介词后先接it作形式宾语，再跟that从句个别介词（主要是but和 except）也可接that从句作宾语：You may depend on it that he will turn up in time.Ill see to it that all these letters will be sent to the post office before twelve.,用作形式宾语,有的动词由于通常只用作及物动词，当它们后接if从句或when从句，通常应先在动词后接it作形式宾语。She wont like it if y
15、ou arrive late.He hates it when people use his bike without first asking for his permission.能这样用的动词不多，主要有enjoy，like，dislike，love，hate，prefer，appreciate等表示情感的动词。用于have it(that)（说是真的、认为）,take it(that)（设想，认为）等固定表达中:I take it(that)you agree.Report has it that about 30 people were killed in the accident.
16、,It for emphasis强调句型复习,用于强调句型,It be+被强调部分+that.该句型是强调句型。可以强调除谓语以外的其它成分，将被强调的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that之后。强调的部分是人时也可用who/whom 换用。如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子；这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法。,I met Tom in the park yesterday.,1)It was I who/that met Tom in the park yesterday.,2)It was Tom who/whom/that I met in the park yesterd
17、ay.,3)It was in the park that I met Tom yesterday.,4)It was yesterday that I met Tom in the park.,It was five oclock _I got home.It was at five oclock_ I got home.,用于强调句型,It+be+被强调部分+that/who,that,when,It was at the theatre _ Lincoln was murdered.It was the theatre _ Lincoln was murdered.A.which B.t
18、hat C.whereD.the one,It was our teacher _did the experiment in the lab last night.A.whom B.that C.which D.where It was ten years ago_ Miss Gao returned to China.A.that B.when C.since D.as,对比练习,B,C,B,A,It was _ he said _disappointed me.A.what;that B.that;that C.what;what D.that;what It was for this r
19、eason _ her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village.A.which B.why C.that D.how,对比练习,A,C,1.句首词用“It”，不能用“This”，“That”等。2.be动词的形式是is或was，不能用复数形式are或were。A.It_the Chinese women that_a great role in the socialist construction.A is;plays B are;play C is;play D are;playsB._all these
20、 exercises_all of us can do tomorrow.A It is;that B It was;that C They are;which D It will be;that,C,A,强调句型注意事项,3.连接词一般用that，当强调部分是人时，既可用that也可用who.特别注意当强调部分是时间状语或地点状语时，不能用when或where。It was at the gate _ he told me the newsA.that B.what C.which D.when,A,强调句型注意事项,It is Mary who often_(help)me with my
21、 English.It is I that _(be)against you.It is the boy students of Class Two who _(be)playing football on the playground.It is Mr Green,together with his wife and children,that _in China now.A are B is C was D were,helps,am,are,B,主谓一致问题,强调句型注意事项,1.He didnt come because he was ill.,It was because he wa
22、s ill that he didnt come.,从句的强调句型,（注意：被强调的原因状语从句只能用because/becuaes of引导，不能用as或since引导),2.It was only when I reread his poems recently _ I began to appreciate their beauty.A.until B.that C.then D.so3._the people _h ave become the masters of their country _ science can really serve the people.A.It is
23、only when;that;where B They are;/;when C.It is only when;/;that D It was when;that;then,B,C,1.She didnt go to bed until her father came back.,It was until her father came back that she didnt go to bed.,Not until her father came back did she go to bed.,It was not(wasnt)until her father came back that
24、 she went to bed.,notuntil的强调句型,强调“notuntil”引导的时间状语时，要用“it is/was not untilthat”结构,，that后面的句子要用肯定式，且须用陈述句语序。,一般疑问句的强调,1.-Was_that I saw last night at the concert?-No,it wasnt.A.it you B.not you C.you D.that yourself2.-Wasnt it Dr Wang who spoke to you just now?-_.A.I didnt know he was.B.Yes,it was.C
25、.No,he wasnt.D.Yes,he did.3.Was it in 1969 _ the American astronaut succeeded _ landing on the moon?A.when;on B.that;on C.when;in D.that;in,A,B,D,Is/Was+it+that+句子的其他部分（陈述语序）。简单的答语为：“Yes,it is/was.”或“No,it isnt/wasnt.”,特殊疑问句的强调句型,1.How did you forget to lock the door?,It was how that you forget to l
26、ock the door?,How was it that you forgot to lock the door?,疑问词+is/was it that,2.I really dont know _I had my money stolen.A where was it that B when it is that C where it was that D it was where that,C,强调的疑问词引导从句，用陈述语气,It 句型辨析,It+be+时间+when;It+be+时间+since It+be+时间+that;It+be+时间+before It is three ye
27、ars _his father passed away.It was already 11 oclock _we got home.It was at 5 oclock _he practised playing the violin in the morning.It was 5 oclock _ we started out in the morning.It will be years _we meet again.It was in the early morning _ we finished our workIt was(not)long _ the police arrived.
28、,since,when,that,when,before,that,before,高考真题精选,1.Luckily,_ happened to be a foreign teacher.A.it B.there C.they D.that2.You should make_ a rule to leave things where you can find them again.A.it B.that C.you D.this3._ is known to everybody,the moon travels around the earth once every month.A.It B.A
29、s C.That D.What 4.I want very much to buy a color TV set,but I cant afford_ A.it B.one C.this D.that,B,A,B,B,5.I should prefer_ if you didnt go there alone.A.it B.that C.you D.which6.He is always really rude,_ is why people avoid him.A.that B.it C.this D.which7.Having a trip abroad is certainly good
30、 for the old couple,but_ remains to be seen whether they will enjoy it.A.that B.it C.this D.which8.Dear me!Just look at the time.I had no idea _was so late.A.it B.as C.that D.what9._ is hard is to do good all ones life and never do anything bad.A.He B.It C.That D.What,A,D,B,A,D,高考真题精选,高考真题精选,10._is
31、hard to do good all ones life and never do anything bad.A.He B.It C.That D.What11._doesnt seem to have been much difficulty in solving the problem A.It B.That C.There D.He 12.I cant remember a Christmas when _ snowed so much.A.it B.that C.what D.the weather13.It was not _ she took off her dark glass
32、es _I realized she was a famous film star.A.when;that B.until;that C.until;when D.when;then,B,C,A,B,14.Toms mother kept telling him that he should work harder,(but _ didnt help),_didnt help.A.he B.which C.she D.it 15.As _ happens,I have brought my umbrella with me.A.it B.this C.that D.such 16._has a
33、lready been pointed out,grammar is not a set of dead rules.A.As B.It C.That D.This17.It was seven forty-five _he finished the work.A.when B.that C.when D.before,D,A,A,A,高考真题精选,B,18.Was it because it snowed last night _ he didnt come?A.why B.that C.when D.which 19.Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment,_ I will always treasure.A.that B.it C.one D.what 20.European football is played in 80 countries,making _ the most popular sport in the world.A.which B.this C.that D.it 21.It worried a bit _ her hair was turning gray.A.while B.that C.if D.for,B,C,D,B,高考真题精选,
