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1、第4章字符串数组、元胞数组和结构数组,4.1 字符串数组4.2 元胞数组（单元数组）4.3 结构数组（构架数组）,4.1字符串数组,4.1.1字符串构造,t=How about this character string?t=How about this character string?size(t)ans=1 32 whos Name Size Bytes Class t 1x32 64 char arrayGrand total is 34 elements using 80 bytes,u=abs(t)u=Columns 1 through 12 72 111 119 32 97 98
2、 111 117 116 32 116 104 Columns 13 through 24 105 115 32 99 104 97 114 97 99 116 101 114 Columns 25 through 32 32 115 116 114 105 110 103 63 char(u)ans=How about this character string?,u=t(16:24)u=characteru=Hello,;v=World！;,v=Character strings having more than one row must have the same number of c
3、olumn just like matrices!v=Character strings having more thanone row must have the same number of column just like matrices!,w=u vw=Hello,World!disp(w)Hello,World!,lengends=char(Wilt,Russel,Kareem)lengends=Wilt RusselKareem,char(one,tow,three)ans=one tow three strvcat(one,two,three)ans=one two three
4、,4.1.2数字与字符串的相互转换,rad=2.5;area=pi*rad2;t=A circle of radius num2str(rad)has an area of num2str(area).;disp(t)A circle of radius 2.5 has an area of 19.63,t=sprintf(A circle of radius%.4g has an area of%.4g.,rad,area);disp(t)A circle of radius 2.5 has an area of 19.63.fprintf(A circle of radius%.4g ha
5、s an area of%.4g.n,rad,area)A circle of radius 2.5 has an area of 19.63.,4.1.3字符串函数,a=eval(sqrt(2)a=1.4142 eval(a=sqrt(2)a=1.4142,a=feval(sqrt,2)a=1.4142,b=Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers;findstr(b,)%find spaceans=6 12 19 21 26 29 37findstr(b,p)%find the letter pans=9 13 22 30 38 40 41f
6、ind(b=p)%for single character searches ans=9 13 22 30 38 40 41findstr(b,cow)%find the word cowans=findstr(b,pick)%find the string pickans=13 30,strrep(b,p,P)%capitalize all p sans=Peter PiPer Picked a Peck of Pickled PePPersstrrep(b,Peter,Pamela)%change Peter to Pamelaans=Pamela Piper picked a peck
7、of pickled peppers,disp(b)Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppersstrtok(b)%ans=Peterc,r=strtok(b)c=Peterr=Piper picked a peck of pickled peppersstrtok(b,a)ans=Peter Piper picked,4.2单元数组,4.2.1单元数组的创建,A(1,1)=1 2 3;4 5 6;7 8 9;A(1,2)=2+3i;A(2,1)=A character atring;A(2,2)=12:-2:0;AA=3x3 double 2.00
8、00+3.0000iA character atring 1x7 double,A1,1=1 2 3;4 5 6;7 8 9;A1,2=2+3i;A2,1=A character string;A2,2=12:-2:0;AA=3x3 double 2.0000+3.0000iA character string 1x7 double,单元索引,按值寻址,A(1,1)ans=3x3 double,A1,1ans=1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9,celldisp(A)A1,1=1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A2,1=A character atring A1,2=2.0000+3.000
9、0iA2,2=12 10 8 6 4 2 0cellplot(A,legend),B=1 2,John Smith,;2+3i,5B=1x2 double John Smith2.0000+3.0000i 5,C=cell(2,3)C=,C(1,1)=This doesnt work?Conversion to cell from char is not possible.,C(1,1)=This does workC=This does work C2,3=This works tooC=This does work This works too,4.2.2单元数组处理,AA=3x3 dou
10、ble 2.0000+3.0000i A character string 1x7 double BB=1x2 double John Smith 2.0000+3.0000i 5 C=A;BC=3x3 double 2.0000+3.0000i A character string 1x7 double 1x2 double John Smith 2.0000+3.0000i 5,D=C(1 3,:)D=3x3 double 2.0000+3.0000i1x2 double John Smith C(3,:)=C=3x3 double 2.0000+3.0000i A character s
11、tring 1x7 double 2.0000+3.0000i 5,4.2.3获得单元数组的内容,BB=1x2 double John Smith 2.0000+3.0000i 5 x=B2,2x=5 class(x)ans=double,y=B(2,2)y=5 y=B(4)y=5 class(y)ans=cell class(y1)ans=double,d,e=deal(B:,2)d=John Smithe=5,B:,2ans=John Smithans=5 d=B:,2?Illegal right hand side in assignment.Too many elements.,cel
12、ldisp(A)A1,1=1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9A2,1=A character string A1,2=2.0000+3.0000iA2,2=12 10 8 6 4 2 0,A1,1(3,:)ans=7 8 9 A4(2:5)ans=10 8 6 4 A2,1(3:11)ans=character,4.3结构数组,4.3.1创建结构数组,circle.radius=2.5;circle.center=0,1;circle.linestyle=-;circle.color=red;circlecircle=radius:2.5000 center:0 1 linestyle:-co
13、lor:red,circle(2).radius=3.4;circle(2).color=green;circle(2).linestyle=:;circle(2).center=2.3-1.2;circlecircle=1x2 struct array with fields:radius center linestylecolor,circle(2).radius=sqrt(2);circlecircle=1x2 struct array with fields:radius center linestylecolor circle.radiusans=2.5000ans=sqrt(2),
14、Cradius=2.5 3.4;Ccenter=0 1;2.3-1.2;Clinestyle=-:;Ccolor=red,green;,circle(3).radius=25.4;circle(3).center=-1 0;circle(3).linestyle=-.;circle(3).color=blue;,Cradius(3)=25.4;Ccenter(3,:)=-1 0;Clinestyle3=-.;Ccolor3=blue,myfunc(circle)myfunc(Cradius,Ccenter,Clinestyle,Ccolor),circle(1).filled=yescircl
15、e=1x3 struct array with fields:radius center linestyle colorfilled circle.filledans=yesans=ans=,circle(2).filled=no;circle(3).filled=yes;circle.filledans=yesans=noans=ye,values1=2.5 sqrt(2),25.4;values2=0 1 2.3-1.2-1 0;values3=-,:,-.;values4=red,green,blue;values5=yes,no,yes;CIRCLE=struct(radius,val
16、ues1,center,values2,.)linestyle,values3,color,values4,filled,values5)CIRCLE=1x3 struct array with fields:radius center linestyle colorfilled,4.3.2结构处理,A=circle CIRCLEA=1x6 struct array with fields:radius center linestyle color filled,square.width=5;square.height=14;square.center=zeros(1,2);square.ro
17、tation=pi/4;B=circle square?Error using=horzcatCAT arguments are not consistent in structure field number.,4.3.3获取结构内容,circlecircle=1x3 struct array with fields:radius center linestyle colorfilled rad2=circle(2).radiusrad2=sqrt(2)circle(1).radiusans=2.5000,col=circle.color?Illegal right hand side in
18、 assignment.Too many elements.,c1,c2,c3=deal(circle.color)c1=redc2=greenc3=blue,4.3.4结构函数,circle=1x3 struct array with fields:radius center linestyle color filled,fieldnames(circle)ans=radius center linestyle color filled,isfield(circle,color)ans=1 isfield(circle,width)ans=0,class(square)ans=struct
19、isstruct(circle)ans=1 d=pi;isstruct(d)ans=0,fnames=fieldnames(circle)fnames=radius center linestyle color,circle2=rmfield(circle,fnames5)circle2=1x3 struct array with fields:radius center linestyle color circle3=rmfield(circle,radius)circle3=1x3 struct array with fields:center linestyle color filled,rad1=getfield(circle,1,fnames1)rad1=2.5000 rad3=getfield(circle,3,fnames1)rad3=25.4000,circle4=setfield(circle,3,fnames1,8)circle4=1x3 struct array with fields:radius center linestyle color filled,要点,字符串数组的创建字符串转换和操作函数单元数组的创建和内容获取结构数组的创建和内容获取,
