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1、http:/Phone:0411 267 256,Borrowed from http:/weatherhead.cwru.edu/degree/Pyramid/,The Pyramid Principle,Logic in Writing and Thinking,http:/Phone:0411 267 256,Borrowed from http:/weatherhead.cwru.edu/degree/Pyramid/,Document Structure,IntroductionSituationComplicationQuestion/Answer(Solution)BodyNex
2、t StepsSomething the readers will not question if they buy your argument ConclusionSummary/Call to action/Emotion provocation,http:/Phone:0411 267 256,Borrowed from http:/weatherhead.cwru.edu/degree/Pyramid/,Introduction,Reminds rather than informsOnly what the reader will agree is true,plus your an
3、swerS-Your current system is X.C-It does not work.Q-How should it be changed?A-You need to.,http:/Phone:0411 267 256,Borrowed from http:/weatherhead.cwru.edu/degree/Pyramid/,Another example,S-Your organization is growing rapidly.C-Your HR processes are not keeping up with your growth.Q-What should b
4、e done?A-You should.,http:/Phone:0411 267 256,Borrowed from http:/weatherhead.cwru.edu/degree/Pyramid/,Creating an introduction,1.Draw a box and write down subject.2.Decide the question the reader wants answered.3.Write down the answer.4.Describe the situation without controversy.5.Develop the compl
5、ication-Answer“so what”.6.Recheck the question and the answer.,http:/Phone:0411 267 256,Borrowed from http:/weatherhead.cwru.edu/degree/Pyramid/,Creating an introduction,3,452,6,1,http:/Phone:0411 267 256,Borrowed from http:/weatherhead.cwru.edu/degree/Pyramid/,Body,Controlling the sequence in which
6、 you present your ideas is the single most important way to make your presentation clearIdeas at any level must be summaries of ideas grouped below themIdeas in each grouping must always be of the same kindIdeas in each grouping must be logically ordered,http:/Phone:0411 267 256,Borrowed from http:/
7、weatherhead.cwru.edu/degree/Pyramid/,Ideas can be grouped inductively or deductively,Inductive Logic,Deductive Logic,http:/Phone:0411 267 256,Borrowed from http:/weatherhead.cwru.edu/degree/Pyramid/,Japanese escalating drive for Chinese marketDeductive:That Americans are doing the same thing is sure
8、 to stimulate the Japanese furtherSecond point makes a comment on the firstInductive:Americans are escalating drive for Chinese marketSecond point is another of the same type,http:/Phone:0411 267 256,Borrowed from http:/weatherhead.cwru.edu/degree/Pyramid/,Argument first,Whats wrong?,Whats causing i
9、t?,Heres what you should do,You must change,WHY?,HOW?,A1,B1,C1,A2,B2,C2,A3,B3,C3,http:/Phone:0411 267 256,Borrowed from http:/weatherhead.cwru.edu/degree/Pyramid/,Action first,You must change,A3,B3,C3,A2 A1 B2 B1 C2 C1,HOW?,WHY?,http:/Phone:0411 267 256,Borrowed from http:/weatherhead.cwru.edu/degre
10、e/Pyramid/,If you cant find the order in the grouping,your thinking has a flaw.,Deductive reasoningChronologyStructureComparison/classification/ranking,http:/Phone:0411 267 256,Borrowed from http:/weatherhead.cwru.edu/degree/Pyramid/,Poor Chronology,Strategic planning involves the recognition of a t
11、iming cyclePerception of needDevelopment of strategy for creating responsive product/serviceImplementationMarket acceptance and high growthSlower growth/the onset of maturityHigh cash generationDecline/decay,http:/Phone:0411 267 256,Borrowed from http:/weatherhead.cwru.edu/degree/Pyramid/,Structure,
12、The objectives for the assignment as we understand them are:To review and analyze field operations in maintenance and constructionTo determine if adequate organizational and managerial flexibility exists to allow field engineers to properly respond to day-to-day operating problems and demandsTo revi
13、ew and analyze the areas of preliminary engineering,road and bridge design,environmental process,right-of-way acquisition and traffic managementTo review and analyze the organization structure of the DepartmentTo identify the strengths and weaknesses within each study area,http:/Phone:0411 267 256,B
14、orrowed from http:/weatherhead.cwru.edu/degree/Pyramid/,Classification,The causes of New Yorks decline are many and complex.Among them are:Wage rates higher than those that prevail elsewhere in the countryHigh energy,rent and land costsTraffic congestion that forces up transportation costsA lack of
15、modern factory spaceHigh taxesTechnological changeThe competition of new centers of economic concentration in the Southwest and WestThe refocusing of American economic and social life in the suburbs,http:/Phone:0411 267 256,Borrowed from http:/weatherhead.cwru.edu/degree/Pyramid/,Better classificati
16、on,New Yorks decline is because of better alternatives elsewhereNew York is a high-cost city in which to do businessMore attractive areas are springing up in the Southwest and WestThus,when companies face the need to move,they choose to go south or west,http:/Phone:0411 267 256,Borrowed from http:/w
17、eatherhead.cwru.edu/degree/Pyramid/,Summary statements must show implications,If there is no relationship,you end up with intellectually vapid assertionsYou should have three objectivesThere are two problemsWe recommend five changes,http:/Phone:0411 267 256,Borrowed from http:/weatherhead.cwru.edu/d
18、egree/Pyramid/,Each type of grouping has a clear method of summarizing,Summarize action ideas by stating effect of carrying out actionsSummarize situation ideas by stating what is implied by their similaritySummarize deductive arguments by leaning on the deduction,http:/Phone:0411 267 256,Borrowed f
19、rom http:/weatherhead.cwru.edu/degree/Pyramid/,A summary that means nothing,Identify high-potential profit-improvement projectsReview background dataDefine your key taskCollect data for the key taskReview events and trends affecting the key taskIdentify possible projectsMeasure profit impact of impr
20、oved performanceAssess possible level of improvement and profit impactPrepare a draft Profit-Improvement Project Plan,http:/Phone:0411 267 256,Borrowed from http:/weatherhead.cwru.edu/degree/Pyramid/,A summary you can visualize,To prepare a draft profit-improvement plan:Identify a possible projectSe
21、lect an operating activity where cost and investment are highLook for evidence of poor performanceMeasure profit impact of correcting poor performanceState the implications of pursuing the projectDetermine the probable level of improvementEstimate resource requirements to undertake projectWork out a
22、 timetable,http:/Phone:0411 267 256,Borrowed from http:/weatherhead.cwru.edu/degree/Pyramid/,I have a dream,Dreams include:Sons of former slaves and slave owners sitting togetherCharacter replacing skin color Black and white children holding handsBlack men equal to white menFreedom is scheduled to ring in:New York,Mississippi,Georgia;Alabama,Tennessee,California,
