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1、中小学英语有效课堂的建构,2012.09.23 郑州,扬州市广陵区教育局 龚海平,一、有效的英语教学的概念,有效的英语教学是指，在明确的教学目标和适中的教学难度前提下，通过对教学内容的科学分析和合理安排所进行的、既能够促进学生英语语言知识的建构、语言运用技能的提高和英语语言文化意识的发展又能够培养、巩固和发展学生学习英语的情感、态度和价值观的高效的英语课堂教学组织形态和教学行为。,二、有效的英语教学对教师教学理念的要求,Classroom effectiveness:Research into school effectiveness appears to have recognized th
2、at a key determined factor is the quality of learning in individual classroom.It is individual departments and teachers,more than whole schools,that have the most significant impact.The following eleven features identified as being characteristic of effective schools(Sammons et al.1995,p.8)are recog
3、nized as being crucial and some of them can also form a framework for the evaluation of ones own work within language departments:,professional knowledge of the leading professional;shared vision and goals;a learning environment;concentration on teaching and learning;purposeful teaching;high expecta
4、tions;positive feedback and reinforcement;the regular monitoring progress;raising pupils self-esteem;home-school partnership;a learning organization in which school-based staff development takes place.,三、有效的英语教学行为应具有的特征1.Students-centered;2.Active 7.Multiple and right evaluation.,（1）影响有效教学的不正确的教学行为：
5、lazinessdislike or intolerance of childrenlack of praisefailure to put the child at the centreunwillingness to consider or seek alternativestolerance of chaos in the classroom,getting out of the habit of promoting the target languagenot taking account of learner needs,for example by doctrinaire use
6、of the target language when it is clearly unhelpfulnot incorporating sufficient varietyalways using the same strategy(e.g.role-play)being unwilling to try other ways of teachingnot considering how pupils might learnfailing to exercise positive discipline in the classroom,setting clear objectives for
7、 language learning;presenting language clearly;using the target language;giving instructions in the target language;providing for a balance of skills(LSRW);using the textbook creatively;consulting pupils about their preferred language-learning techniques;pacing practice appropriately;using the casse
8、tte or video recorder appropriately;producing language learning materials,（2）影响有效教学的正确的教学行为：,（3）有效的英语教学中教师所体现的的共同特点：have a will to communicate;explain things well and in interesting,sometimes funny,way;know all pupils names,care about them and get on with them,never patronizing them;trust their pupi
9、ls and seek to build them up(encourage them with positive feedback)show genuine enthusiasm for the job;know their staff and reflect on how best to teach it;maintain high standards of behaviour and manage to maximize the amount of class time which is devoted to learning.,四、有效的英语教学的实现路径,备课要依照课标要求，吃透教材
10、，准确定位教学重点和难点，从学习者角度出发，把握学习者可能出现的学习困难。在此基础上，设计教学程序和方法。做到：1.教学要求不盲目拔高，不随意降低；2.对教材做二度加工，不机械执行教材；3.要有处理教学重点和难点的科学办法和可行措施；4.要有对学习者可能遇到的问题的处理策略；5.要遵循英语语言教学的基本规律进行教学设计；6.教学程序和方法的设计要围绕教学重点体现主体性、趣味性、知识性、交际性、综合性、程序性和全面性。,讨论（请大家发言）：1.你是怎样在教学中体现“以学生为中心”？2.你是怎样理解教学中“活泼、有效”？3.学生喜欢什么样的新授内容的呈现方式？4.你是怎样理解教学中的“互动”？5.
11、“有意义的操练”应该是什么样的？6.你上课前有“问题意识”吗？请举例说明。7.你对学生的评价通常采取什么样的方式？8.你在教学中是怎样采用多元评价方式的？9.对学生的评价怎样才能做到既恰当又能够较好地发挥评价的功能？10.在教学中的各个环节可以如何体现“趣味性”？,五、有效的英语教学对教师的教学策略要求,把握学生内在需求，激发学生的学习动机；创设直观的语言情境，调动学生学习兴趣；变换教学手段和方法，吸引学生的注意力；精讲多练，边讲边练，及时消化和巩固；合理分配师生的话语时空，满足学生表现自我实际语言应用能力的欲望；任务设计体现多样性和多层次性，适合不同学生的能力、特点和需求；坚持面向全体，关注
12、和厚爱那些“视而不见”的学生(Invisible students)。,有效的英语课堂教学还要注意：,教师穿着得体，仪态大方、亲切，身心投入，以自身的良好情绪影响和感染学生教学语言简洁明了，教学语言的选择和使用适合教学对象的语言能力和认知水平，善于运用体态语辅助教学在教学过程中体现宽容、爱心和耐心，决不吝啬表扬、肯定和鼓励，但也不滥用在教学方法上要体现循循善诱和循序渐进，一步一步地把学生从“未知”引向“已知”，从“能知”引向“能行”,英语有效课堂我们共同的目标,一、教学准备：充分二、教学资源：丰富三、师生关系：平等、民主四、教学过程：合作、探究五、教学方法：平实六、教学效果：学生的最大发展,向工作在英语教学第一线的老师们学习、致敬！,谢谢大家！,
