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1、Translation Strategies and Practice,Lecturer:王郁文 David Wang,26/10/2008,四级考纲中翻译的要求,翻译部分为汉译英，共5个句子，一句一题，句长为15-30词。句子中的一部分已用英文给出，要求考生根据全句意思将汉语部分译成英语。考试时间5分钟。翻译须符合英语的语法结构和表达习惯，要求用词准确。,翻译的基本技巧-分句法,把原文中一个单词或短语译成句子，使原文的一个句子分译成两个或两个以上的句子。或把原文的一个句子拆开，译成两个或两个以上的句子。例：八月中旬，修理组人员在骄阳下工作。译文:It was in mid-August,an
2、d the repair section operated under the blazing sun.（一个单句拆分成了一个并列复合句）,合句法,把原文中两个或以上的简单句，主从复合句或并列复合句等译成一个单句。例:她已试了好几次，要帮他们另找一所 出租的房子，结果并未成功。译文:She had made several attempts to help them find other rental quarters without success(but in vain).（多个简单句合成一个单句）,正译法,就汉译英而言，就是把句子按照与汉语相同的表达方式译成英语。例:我们强烈反对公司的新
3、政策。译文:We strongly object to the companys new policy.,反译法,就汉译英而言，就是把句子按照与汉语相反的表达方式译成英语。例:酒吧间只有五个顾客还没有走。译文:Only five consumers remained in the bar.,顺序法,顺序法翻译不改变原文表达语序，不会影响对原文内容的理解。例:即使在我们关掉床头灯甜甜地进入梦乡时，电仍然为我们工作：开动电冰箱，把水加热，或使室内空调机继续运转。译文:Even when we turn off the bedside lamp and are fast asleep,electri
4、city is working for us,driving our refrigerators,heating our water,or keeping our rooms air-conditioned.,逆序法,逆序法根据目标语使用者表达习惯与目标语读者的认知能力，按原文语序反向翻译，以便更好地传达原文的内容。例:他经常做礼拜的时候，总坐在固定的座位上，可是那天他们发现他不坐在老地方。译文:They remarked how he took a different seat from that which he usually occupied when he chose to atte
5、nd worship.,历年翻译真题训练(2006.6-2009.6),CET 2009.6翻译 87.Soon after he transferred to the new school,Ali found that he had _(很难跟上班里的同学)in maths and English.88.If she had returned an hour earlier,Mary _(就不会被大雨淋了).89.It is said that those who are stressed or working overtime are _（更有可能增加体重）.,difficulty in
6、catching up with his classmates,wouldnt have been caught by the rain,likely to gain weight,90._(很多人所没有意识到的)is that Simon is a lover of sports,and football in particular.91.The study shows that the poor functioning of the human body is _(与缺乏锻炼密切相关).,What many people havent realized,closely related to
7、 the lack of exercises.,CET 2008.12翻译 87.Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems _(他们至今还没有答案).88._(大多数父母所关心的)is providing the best education possible for their children.89.Youd better take a sweater with you _（以防天气变冷）.,they havent resolved yetThey havent found solutions
8、to,What most parents(the majority of parents)care about,in case of the low temperature,90.Through the project,many people have received training and _(决定自己创业).91.The anti-virus agent was not known _(直到一名医生偶然发现了它).,decided to start their own business,until a doctor found it by accident(accidentally),
9、CET 2008.6翻译 87.Our efforts will pay off if the result of this research _(能应用于新技术的开发).88.I cant boot my computer now.Something _(一定出了毛病)with its operating system.89.Leaving ones job,_（不管是什么工作）,is a difficult change,even for those who look forward to retiring.,can be applied to the exploration of new
10、 technology.,must be wrong,no matter what kind(of job it is),90._(与我成长的地方相比),this town is more prosperous and exciting.91._(直到他完成使命)did he realize that he was seriously ill.,Compared with the place in which/where I grew up,Not until he had finished the mission,CET 2007.12翻译 87_(多亏了一系列的新发明)，doctors c
11、an treat this disease successfully.88.In my sixties,one change I notice is that_(我比以前更容易累了)89.I am going to purchase this course,_(无论我要作出什么样的牺牲).,Thanks to a series of new inventions.Owing toa succession of,a chain of,A string of,a sequence of,Im more inclined/liable/prone to tiredness/to get tired
12、than before.,no matter what sacrifice I will have to makeWhatever sacrifice I will makeNo matter how much I will sacrifice,90.I would prefer shopping online to shopping in a department store_(它更加方便和省时).91.Many Americans live on credit,and their quality of life _(是用他们能够借到多少来衡量的)，not how much they can
13、 earn.,it/the former is more convenient andtime-saving.c.f:time-consuming,is measured by how much theycan borrow,CET 2007.6翻译87.The finding of this study failed to_(将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内).88.The prevention and treatment of AIDS is_(我们可以合作的领域).,consider the quality of peoples sleeptake peoples sleep quality i
14、nto account/consideration,the field(where)we can cooperatethe field in which we can cooperateone field of our cooperation,89.Because of the leg injury,the athlete _(决定退出比赛).90.To make donations or for more information,please _(按以下地址和我们联系).,decided(decides)to quit the matchwas determined to quit the
15、game(contest),contact us at the following address,91.Please come here at ten tomorrow morning _(如果你方便的话).,at your convenienceif it is convenient for you,CET 2006.12翻译 87.Specialists in intercultural studies says that it is not easy to _(适应不同文化中的生活).88.Since my childhood I have found that _(没有什么比读书对我
16、更有吸引力).,adapt oneself to life in different cultureadapt oneself to living in different culture,nothing is more attractive to me than readingnothing appeals to me more than reading,89.The victim _(本来会有机会活下来)if he had been taken to hospital in time.90.Some psychologists claim that people _(出门在外时可能会感到孤
17、独),would have a chance to survivewould stand a chance of survival,may/might feel lonely when they are awayfrom home.when they are not in their home town when they are traveling,91.The nations population continues to rise _(以每年1200万人的速度),at a speed/rate of 12 million per yearAt an annual speed of 12
18、million,CET 2006.6翻译 87.Having spent some time in the city,he had no trouble _(找到去历史博物馆的路).88._(为了挣钱供我上学)，Mother often takes on more work than is good for her.,(in)finding his/the way to the HistoryMuseum,In order to make/earn/get money for my educationpay my tuition(fee)cover the cost/expenses of m
19、y schoolingfinance my education,89.The professor required that _(我们交研究报告)。90.The more you explain,_(我愈糊涂).91.Though a skilled worker,_(他被公司解雇了),we hand in/turn in/submit our research reports.,the more confused I am the more puzzled I become/get,he was by his companylaid off/fired/dismissed/kicked out,
