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1、高考复习指导定语从句中应注意的 几个问题,一.概念:,He is the boy who often goes to school late.,先行词,关系词,定语从句,二.原则,a.定语从句一般跟在先行词后面，限制修饰先行词。b.定语从句必须用关系词来引导。c.关系词在定语从句中作一个句子成分.,三、引导定语从句的关系词,指代人 who，whom，that指代事物 which，that,as所属关系 whose，of which指地点 where=介词+which指时间 when=介词+which指原因 why=for which,四、关系代词that和which在很多情况下可以互换，但下列
2、情况只用that，不用which.,All _ can be done has been done.Do you have anything _ you dont understand?,that,that,1、先行词是all,little,much,something,anything 等不定代词，引导定语从句用that。,2、先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that。,This is the best TV _ is made in China.The first museum _ he visited in China was the History Museum.,t
3、hat,that,Ive read all the books _ you lent me.Please send us any information _ you have about the subject.,3、先行词被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,only,last修饰时，引导定语从句用that。,4、先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用that.,They talked of things and persons _ happened in the school.,that,that,that,Who is the man
4、_ came this morning?Which is the bag _ you lost?,5、主句是who,which开头的特殊疑问句，引导定语从句用that。,that,that,6、先行词被the very,the only 所修饰时，引导定语从句用that。,He is the very person _ the police are looking for.This is the only thing _ I can remember.,that,that,五、不用that，而用which，who，whom的情况,He made the same mistakes again,
5、_ made his parents very angry.Mr Smith,_ gave a talk several months ago,will come again.,which,who,1、在非限制性定语从句中，指事物用which，指人用who或whom。,2、在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom。,This is the ring on _ she spent 1000 dollars.Xiao Wang,with _ I went to the concert,enjoy it very much.,which,whom,六、注意：如何判断介词,1、看定语从句中动词与
6、介词的搭配,The girl _ which he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.He is the man _ whom I think you can depend.,for,on,2、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配,He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.,with,3、根据先行次判断，所用的介词与先行词 搭配,The rate _ which wild animals are being destroy
7、ed has increased.This is our classroom,_ which there is a teachers desk.,4、名词/代词/数词+of+which/whom,Ten persons died in the accident,5 of _ are women.There are two left,one of _ is almost finished,and the other of _ is not quite.I have a sentence,the meaning of _ I dont understand.,whom,which,which,wh
8、ich,at,in the front of,七.as 作为关系代词，习惯上用于下列词组：the same.as such.as as.as as you know,as we have seen,as is known to all,as anybody can see,as was expected,.,We are facing the same problem as we did years ago.,注：1、as与which在代替句子时的用法区别：,as引导的从句可放在主句的句首，句中或句尾，,which引导的从句只可放在主句的句尾,2、as 引导的定语从句与that引导的结果状语从
9、句区别。,This is so large a stone _ no one can lift it.This is so large a stone _ no one can lift.,that,as,八.定语从句和同位语从句的区别在于:,1.定语从句相当于形容词作定语，对先行词加以限制或修饰，连接词that在定语从句中充当某个成分。,2、同位语从句相当于名词，对先行词加以补充或说明，而that在同位语从句不充当句子成分。,The promise that my uncle gave me made us happy.（定语从句）The promise that my uncle woul
10、d give me a new bike made us happy.(同位语从句),九、关系代词what和that的区别:先比较下列句子中的what和that:,He told us the things that he had seen.-He told us what he had seen.This is the words which I said.-This is what I said.,可以看出what 实际上等于是”the thing that(which)”,即”先行词+关系词”.因此在句中如果已有先行词，则不能用what，而只能用that(which)，如没有先行词，则用
11、what。what是 一个没有先行词的关系词。,十、Where 引导的定语从句。,先行词是表示地点的名词或含有地点意义的抽象名词，用引导定语从句。从句做状语。,This is the town where(=in which)I spent my childhood.The table where(=at which)she is sitting is a new one.Ill show you the paint where you failed.,注意 1,若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。,The library _ students often study
12、was on fire last night.The library,_ was built in the 1930s,needs repairing.The library _ you visited yesterday was built in 1990.,where,which,which,注意 2,区分where引导的定语从句和状语从句,Where前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是定语从句，否则是状语从句。,When you read books,you had better make a mark at the spot where you have any questions.When
13、you read books,you had better make a mark where you have any questions.,When 引导的定语从句。,先行词是表示时间的名词，用when引导定语从句。when作状语。,Ill never forget the day when(=on which)I met you.This was the time when(=at which)he left for Beijing.We will put off the outing until next week,when we wont be busy.,注意：,先行词是表时间词，
14、若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。,Ill never forget the day _ we first met in the park.Ill never forget the time _ I spent on campus.Ill never forget the time _ was spent with you.,when,whichthat,whichthat,why引导的定语从句。,先行词是表示原因的名词，用why引导定语从句。Why在从句作状语。,This is the reason why(=for which)I didnt come here.,但：若定语从句缺主语宾语时，The reason _ she gave was not true.,whichthat,whose 引导的定语从句。,表示所属关系。,The river _ banks are covered with trees flows ti the sea.,whose,There are in this class 20 students,_ are different.A.whose backgrounds B.the backgrounds of whomC.of whom the backgrounds D.the backgrounds of whose,
