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1、Unit 3 Understanding each other,单元总结,知识清单,1._ v.&n.拥抱2._ vt.保证，担保，确保3._ prep.&adv.自始至终；贯穿整个时期；各处，遍及4._ n.冒犯；侮辱5._ adv.&adj.相像，相似；同样6._ adj.通晓；熟悉7._ n.期望，盼望8._ vt.复述，转述,ensure,throughout,familiar,expectation,retell,offence,hug,alike,单词,(一)基本单词,9._ n.学期末10._ n.婚礼11._ n.招待会；接待；接受12._ n.新郎13._ n.新娘14._
2、n.焰火，烟花15._ n.芥末；芥末酱16._ vt.雕刻17._ n.名片,end-of-term,wedding,reception,bridegroom,bride,firework,mustard,carve,business card,18._ vt.&vi.蒸，蒸发 n.蒸汽19._ n.炉子，火炉20._ n.箭；箭头标记21._ vt.烤，烘焙 adj.烤的，焙的22._ n.面具 vt.伪装，掩饰23._ n.盛宴，宴会；节日24._ adj.北极的，北极区的 n.北极25._ n.手势；姿势；示意动作,steam,stove,arrow,roast,mask,feast,
3、arctic,gesture,26._ n.问候；问候语 _ vt.和某人打招呼(或问好)27._ vt.向(某人)道贺，祝贺_ n.祝贺，贺词28._ vt.&vi.允许，准许 n.许可证_ n.许可，准许29._ vt.(尤指以法令)禁止_ n.禁止，禁令,greeting,greet,congratulate,congratulation,permit,permission,prohibit,prohibition,(二)派生单词,30._ vi.&vt.适应，习惯；调整，调节_ n.调整；适应31._ adj.习惯于；惯常的_ vt.使习惯于32._ n.庆典；庆祝活动_ vt.庆祝(
4、节日等)33._ n.宗教_ adj.信奉宗教的，虔诚的，宗教上的34._ adj.轻微的_ adv.轻微地，稍微,adjust,adjustment,accustomed,accustom,celebration,celebrate,religion,religious,slight,slightly,35._ n少数民族；少数，少数人_ adj.较少的，较小的，次要的_ adj.较多的，主要的36._ n.描述，叙述；账(户)_ n.会计人员，会计师37._n.勇敢_ adj.勇敢的，英勇的_ adv.勇敢地38._ vt.统治；控制，支配_ n.政府,minority,minor,maj
5、or,account,accountant,bravery,brave,bravely,govern,government,39._ adj.音乐的 n.音乐剧_ n.音乐，乐曲_ n.音乐家40._adj.神秘的；奇怪的_ n.神秘41._ n.平原 adj.清楚的，明显的；坦诚的；朴素的_ adv.平坦地，明白地，清楚地,musical,music,musician,mysterious,mystery,plain,plainly,1._ 庆祝2._ 习惯做某事3._ 通晓，熟悉4._ 毕竟，终究5._ 出发，动身；引起6._ 与有关系7._ 更不用说,in celebration of
6、be accustomed to doing sth.be familiar withafter allset offbe connected withlet alone,短语,8._ 带某人参观、游览9._ 占据(时间或空间)10._ 是的家园，是的所在地11._ 属于12._ 控制，支配,show somebody aroundtake upbe home tobelong to have power over,Many foreigners have trouble getting accustomed to it.get/become/be accustomed to 意为“习惯于”，
7、后接名词或动名词。,句式,核心要点,1.ensure v.保证，担保，确保,【归纳】ensure(doing)sth.保证(做)某事 ensure sb.sth.保证/确保某人(得到)某物 ensure sb.from/against sth.保护某人免受的伤害 ensure that.=make sure that.确保/保证,单词,Registration _ of mail.挂号寄邮件保证会收到。No one can _.没有人能保证你不会失败。A letter of introduction will _.凭一封介绍信准保会接待你。We _ the work shall be done
8、 in the right way.我们保证把这项工作做好。,ensures delivery,ensure you against/from failure,ensure you an interview,ensure that,【运用】,2.congratulate v.祝贺，庆贺,【归纳】congratulate sb.on/upon(doing)sth.祝贺某人(做了)某事 congratulate oneself(on sth.)(因成就或成功)为自己感到骄傲或自豪【拓展】congratulation n.祝贺，贺词 congratulations to sb.on sth.为某事祝
9、贺某人,We _ beforehand.我们预祝你事业成功。I won the first place in the English speech contest.我在英语演讲比赛中获得了第一名。_!祝贺你！People from all over the world offered their _ to China _ its success of the Shanghai Expo.世界各地的人们祝贺中国成功举办了上海世博会。,Congratulations,congratulations,on,congratulate you on your success,【运用】,辨析：congra
10、tulate,celebrate,They will _ your birthday next week.We are _ ourselves on our narrow escape.,celebrate,congratulating,I sent my mother a card to _ her on her birthday.celebrate B.rewardC.express D.congratulate,D,3.permit v.允许，许可；容许 n.许可证；执照；通行证,【归纳】permit sb.sth.允许某人某事 permit sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事 p
11、ermit doing sth.允许做某事 weather/time permitting(独立主格结构)天气/时间允许的话,【拓展】permission nU 允许，许可 with/without ones permission 获取某人同意/没有获得某人许可 ask for permission 请求允许,You _ freedom.你对孩子们太放纵了。We do not _ in the room.我们不允许在屋里吸烟。Circumstances do not _.情况不允许我离开。,permit your children too much,permit smoking,permit
12、me to leave,【运用】,Well have a picnic in the woods,_.如果天气好，我们将在树林里野餐。You wont get into the conference hall _.没有许可证你不得进入会议室。No person shall enter the area without _.没有官方的许可任何人不能进入这个地区。,weather permitting/if weather permits,without a permit,official permission,Stay awake!You should know that it _ to sle
13、ep in class.Doesnt permit B.is not permittedC.will not be permitted D.was not permitted,B,4.prohibit v.(尤指以法令)禁止，不准；阻止，使不可能,【归纳】prohibit(ones)doing sth.禁止(某人)做某事 prohibit sb.from doing sth.阻止或禁止某人做某事,The sale of this medicine _.这种药品禁止贩卖。His small size _ a policeman.他身材矮小，当不成警察。Minors are _.未成年者禁止喝酒。
14、,is prohibited,prohibits his becoming,prohibited from drinking,【运用】,表示“禁止或阻止某人做某事”的表达法:禁止某人做某事：_阻止某人做某事：_,ban/forbid sb.from doing sth.,prevent/stop/keep/discourage sb.from doing sth.,5.adjust v.调整；使适合,【归纳】adjust to(doing)sth.适应(做)某事，习惯(做)某事 adjust.to.将调整到；使适应 adjust oneself to(doing)sth.使自己适应(做)某事【
15、拓展】adjustment n.调整，适应 make an adjustment 做出调整,My eyes havent _ the dark yet.我的眼睛还没有适应黑暗。These desks and seats can _ the height of any child.这些桌椅可以随儿童的身高而调整。She soon _ the new way of life.她很快使自己适应了新的生活方式。She found it hard _.她发现作出调整很难。,adjusted to,be adjusted to,adjusted herself to,to make an adjustme
16、nt,【运用】,6.accustomed adj.惯常的；习惯于,【归纳】get/become/be accustomed to(doing)sth.习惯做某事【拓展】accustom vt.使习惯于 accustom sb./oneself to(doing)sth.使某人/自己习惯于(做)某事,I _ inside the room of noise and excitement.我习惯于在喧闹的房间里工作。He quickly _ this new way of life.他很快就习惯了这种新的生活方式。It took a while for her eyes _ the dark.她的
17、眼睛过了一会儿才适应了黑暗。Her eyes quickly _ the dark.她的眼睛很快适应了黑暗。,get accustomed to working,accustomed himself to,to accustom themselves to,became/got accustomed to,【运用】,7.account v.认为；说明；总计有 n.描述，叙述；说明；理由；计算；账目；报道,【归纳】give an account of给予描述；进行说明 take sth.into account/take account of sth.认真考虑某事 on account of 由
18、于，因为 on no account 决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)account for(在数量和比例上)占，占据；解释/说明的原因,I _.我认为他很幸运。Her headache _ her bad humor.头疼是她情绪不佳的原因。North Sea oil _ a high part of our export earnings.北海石油占我国出口收入的很大一部 分。,account him lucky/a lucky person,accounted for,accounts for,【运用】,He _ his plan.他针对他的计划给我做了完整的解释。_ tell him
19、 about it.你决不可以告诉他这件事。To make a plan,one has to _.要做一项计划，需要考虑许多因素。,gave me a full account of,take account of many factors/take many factors into account,On no account must you,Jack cant concentrate on his lessons recently.Yes,that might _ why he did so badly in the last test.A.answer for B.apply for
20、C.account for D.call for,C,8.familiar adj.通晓的，熟悉的；常见的；亲近的,【归纳】(sb./sth.)be familiar to sb.为所熟悉(sb.)be familiar with(sth.)精通，通晓,I _ European history.我对欧洲历史不太熟悉。His name seems _ me.他的名字我好像熟悉。The name of Mo Yan _ most Chinese.Thats to say,most Chinese people _ the name of Mo Yan.莫言的名字为大多数中国人所熟悉。也就 是说，大
21、多数中国人知道莫言这个名字。,am not very familiar with,familiar to,is familiar to,are familiar with,【运用】,1.let alone 更不用说；更谈不上；不打扰，不惊动,【拓展】let out 发出，放出；泄露；放大(衣服)let go(of)放开，松手；解雇；开除()let down 使失望 let.in 让进来,短语,We cant afford a bicycle,_ a car.我们连自行车也买不起，更不用说汽车了。The wounded man _ a cry of pain.伤员发出一阵痛苦的叫喊声。Mary
22、accidentally _ that her mother had telephoned.玛丽无意中说出她的母亲来过电话。The low grade he got made him _.这次成绩不好，他有点气馁。He _ the ball and it fell in the water.他的手一松，手里的球就掉到水里了。,let alone,let out,let out,let down,let go of,【运用】,2.take up 占据(时间或空间)；开始从事；跟随；拿起；继续,【拓展】take away 减去，取走 take back 取回，归还 take down 取下，写下，
23、记下，把某物拆卸 take in 吸收，欺骗 take interest in 对感兴趣 take pride in 引以为豪,John _ acting while he was at college.约翰在上大学的时候开始演戏。The job _ most of workdays.这工作占据了周日的大部分时间。Not knowing much of the world yet,simple-minded teenagers are easily _.taken up B.taken inC.taken off D.taken on,took up,took up,【运用】,3.in cel
24、ebration of 庆祝 hold a celebration for 为举行庆祝会 celebrate sth.庆祝某事【拓展】“in+n.+of”构成的常见短语：in honour of 为了纪念，以名义 in praise of 赞美 in need of 需要 in place of 代替 in memory of 纪念 in case of 以防，万一 in favour of 支持,The three sisters decided to hold a family party to _ their parents silver wedding.celebrate B.memo
25、rize C.congratulate D.welcomeWe held a party _ the National Day.我们举行了一个晚会来庆祝国庆节。,to celebrate/in celebration of,【运用】,Many foreigners have trouble getting accustomed to it.get/become/be accustomed to 意为“习惯于”，后接名词或动名词。【拓展】“get+过去分词”使处于某种状态或情况或表示被动意义。get 同过去分词构成的短语：get dressed 穿上 get married 结婚,句式,get
26、burnt 烧伤，晒黑了get paid 得以付钱 get started 开始“get+形容词”表示达到某种状态或情况get well/bored/hungry/worried/fit,etc.变得身体好/烦恼/饥饿/不安/健康等,语法,虚拟语气用法小结(一)if引导的虚拟条件句表示与现在事实相反的假设时，从句谓语用were或动词的过去式，主句谓语用“would/should/could/might+动词原形”，如：a.If I were ten years younger,I would start all over again.b.If I had enough money now,I
27、could lend it to you.,if引导的虚拟条件句表示与过去事实相反的假设时，从句谓语用“had+过去分词”，主句谓语用“would/should/could/might+have done”，如：a.If he had taken your advice,he wouldnt have made such a bad mistake.b.If we had had enough rain last year,we could have gained a good harvest.,if引导的虚拟条件句表示与将来事实相反的假设时，从句谓语可用动词的过去式、“should+动词原形
28、”或“were to+动词原形”，主句谓语用“would/should/could/might+动词原形”，如：a.If I were a movie star some day,you would still be my best friend.b.If he should be given another chance,he could certainly do a much better job.c.If I were to see him tomorrow,I would invite him home.,如果if虚拟条件句中有were，had或should时，可将它们提至句首并省略i
29、f，此时，从句要进行部分倒装，如：a.If she were my daughter,I would allow her to study abroad.Were she my daughter,I would allow her to study abroad.b.If we had started a bit earlier,we would not have missed the train.Had we started a bit earlier,we would not have missed the train.,c.If he should leave for Paris tod
30、ay,he would get there by Friday.Should he leave for Paris today,he would get there by Friday.虚拟语气“（should）+动词原形”可用于一些主语从句中。这类句型主要有：It is/was important/necessary.that.，如：a.It is important that one(should)master the skills of computers.b.It is necessary that one(should)take enough boiled water.,表示“建议、
31、命令、要求”等动词的宾语从句常用“（should）+动词原形”虚拟语气。这类动词有：suggest,advise,insist,require等，如：a.I suggest that you(should)have enough sleep.b.My mother advises that I(should)not watch too much TV.,与表示“建议、命令、要求”等动词相对应的名词构成的表语从句中常用虚拟语气“（should）+动词原形”，如：a.My suggestion is that we(should)get started soon.b.My advice is th
32、at you(should)quit smoking.,【即学即用】单项填空。1.I _ to my cousins birthday party last night,but I was not available.(安徽 2013)A.went B.had gone C.would go D.would have gone2.If we _ a table earlier,we couldnt be standing here in a queue.(北京 2013)A.have booked B.booked C.book D.had booked,D,D,3.My mom sugges
33、ts that we _ eat out for a change this weekend.(陕西 2013)A.should B.might C.could D.would4.Do you think George has passed the driving test?(福建 2013)No.If so,he _ his car to our college yesterday.A.would drive B.drove C.would have driven D.had driven,A,C,5.I should not have laughed if I _ you were ser
34、ious.(江苏 2013)A.thought B.would think C.had thought D.have thought6.Eye doctors recommend that a childs first eye exam _ at the age of six months old.(浙江 2013)A.was B.beC.were D.is,C,B,巩固练习,I.根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母 或汉语提示，写出该单词的正确形式(每空限填一词)。1.The government of this city has passed a law that p_ tobacco ad
35、vertising in newspapers and magazines,which has received public support.2.The climate here is always hot,summer and winter a_.,prohibits,alike,3.Im calling to inform Mr.Wang that theres a s_ change of the plan weve decided to meet at 7:20,not at 7:00.4.After regaining consciousness in the hospital,M
36、rs.Smith was able to give police a detailed a_ of the accident.5.In Britain the Queen rules,but elected representatives of the people g_ the country.,slight,account,govern,6.Our new research strategy e_ that we get the best possible results.7.If you do that again you will be severely punished.Do I m
37、ake myself _(清楚的)?I get it,Mrs.Liu.8.Cindy has been appointed managing director.We must call to _(向道贺)her.,ensures,plain/clear,congratulate,II.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.The new hotel is ready for the _(receive)of its first customer.2.I mean no _(offend),but isnt there a better way to express your comment?3.
38、Michael felt deeply upset that he had not been invited to the _(celebrate)of Bills 18-year-old birthday.,reception,offence,celebration,4.The children waited patiently in _(expect)of the magician.5.I smiled a polite _(greet),but the woman just ignored me,which made me very upset.6.He was being very _
39、(mystery),and wouldnt tell me what he was up to.7.Though the girl has no formal _(music)qualifications,she can sing quite well.8.The two university students are being given medals for their _(brave).,expectation,greeting,mysterious,musical,bravery,III.用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空(每个 短语限用一次)。1.The boy _ the local
40、 food as quickly as his partners,and had stomach aches very often.2.Dont worry,your eyes will slowly _ the dark when you go into a cave.,let alone belong to take up do withoutset off be accustomed to adjust to give out,wasnt accustomed to,adjust to,3.Mr.Zhang sold his car,saying it was an expense he
41、 could _.He uses a bike to get around now.4.I wouldnt speak to Tim,_ trust him and lend him some money.5.I think we should throw these boxes away,as we dont use them for anything.They are just _ space.,let alone belong to take up do withoutset off be accustomed to adjust to give out,do without,let a
42、lone,taking up,6.In our country,land doesnt _ any individual.7.The lilies grow brighter in color and larger in size,and they _ a delicious perfume.8.I got caught in the traffic jam and was late for work.How I regret not _ earlier this morning.,let alone belong to take up do withoutset off be accustomed to adjust to give out,belong to,give out,setting off,
