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1、1,Key terms For Unit One,进入方式间接出口直接出口许可经营合资企业直接投资中介人,中间商国内出口代理商佣金贸易公司初级产品销售队伍技术诀窍,Mode of entryIndirect exportDirect exportLicensingJoint ventureDirect investmentIntermediaryDomestic-based export agentCommissionTrading companyPrimary productSales forceKnow-how,Key terms For Unit One,Mode of entryInd
2、irect exportDirect exportLicensingJoint ventureDirect investmentIntermediaryDomestic-based export agentCommissionTrading companyPrimary productSales forceKnow-how,2,Key terms For Unit One,潜在收益出口部仓储利润/展示/客服中心销售分公司销售代表国外分销商/代理商专有权;专营权力商业展览软件博览会,potential returnexport divisionwarehousingprofit/display/
3、customer-service centersales branch/subsidiarysales representativeforeign-based distributor/agentexclusive righttrade showsoftware expo,3,Key terms For Unit One,许可协议无形资产(知识产权)许可方(知识产权)被许可方特许权使用费专利版权商标净销售收入,licensing agreementintangible propertylicenserlicenseeroyalty feepatentcopyrighttrademarknet s
4、ales revenue,4,Key terms For Unit One,所有权股份过半数股权主要竞争对手白色货物(冰箱,洗衣机,被单等)大企业 国有企业跨国公司出口管理公司,ownership stakemajority sharearch-rivalwhite goodscorporate giantstate-owned companymultinational companyExport management company,5,Key terms For Unit One,独资子公司老字号企业成本节约原材料投资激励措施东道国供应商分销商贬值的货币征用遣散费,解雇费,离职费,whol
5、ly owned subsidiaryestablished firmcost economyraw materialinvestment incentivehost countrysupplierdistributordevalued currencyexpropriationseverance pay,6,Key Terms for Unit Two,Mercantilism(mercantilist)Trade surplus/deficitSubsidize v.Zero-sum game/Positive-sum gameThe Wealth of NationsAbsolute a
6、dvantageComparative advantage,重商主义(重商主义者)贸易赢余(顺差)/赤字(逆差)补贴零和博弈/正和博弈国富论(亚当.斯密)绝对优势比较优势,7,Key Terms for Unit Two,Labor-intensive goodscapital-intensive goodsFactor of productionLeontief ParadoxConsumer preferenceHuman capitalPhysical capitalCapital expenditureLess developed countryResources endowmentM
7、anufactured goodsMarket economies,劳动密集型商品资本密集型商品生产要素列昂剔夫悖论消费者偏好人力资本实物资本资本性支出欠发达国家资源禀赋工业制成品市场经济体,8,Country-similarity theoryHome marketFactor endowmentsPattern of tradePrimary commodityPer capita incomeLower-income countryDemand or reaction lagImitation lagPatent lawEconomies of scaleLearning-by-doin
8、gOpportunity costHigh/low-wage economiesProduct life cycle,国家相似理论母国市场、本国市场要素禀赋贸易模式/格局初级商品人均收入低收入国家需求或反应滞后模仿滞后专利法规模经济干中学机会成本高/低工资经济体产品生命周期,9,Key Terms For Unit 3,Civil aviationDisembodied serviceElectronic discsEntrepot tradeFactors of productionFree tradeForeign currency earningsForeign direct inves
9、tmentManufacturing industriesMerchandise tradeMigrant workerSplintered serviceStock exchange,民用航空脱离式服务电子软盘转口贸易，中转贸易生产要素自由贸易外汇收入外商直接投资制造业商品贸易迁徙性（流动性）工人分离式服务证券交易所,10,Key Terms For Unit 3,Trade in services/services tradeTrade in goods/goods tradeAdvertising executiveCommercialLaw firmSecuritiesRetail b
10、ankingSubsidiary,服务贸易货物贸易广告业务主管商业广告律师事务所/律师行证券零售银行业务子公司,11,Technology transferIndustrial competitionQuality of lifeLiving standardEmployment opportunityPublic serviceOn-the-job experiencePatent rights and licenses,技术转让产业竞争力生活质量生活水平就业机会公共服务在职培训专利权和授权,Key Terms 1,12,Government aid and financing progra
11、mBank lendingTransnational/multinational corporationMarket shareForeign direct investmentProduction costsIntellectual propertyDistribution networkPrivate sectorNon-governmental organizations,政府援助与融资项目银行借贷跨国公司市场份额国外直接投资生产成本知识产权分销网络私营部门非政府机构,Key terms 2,13,Key Terms 3,Official Development AssistanceIn
12、terest-free loansSubsidized loanEconomies in transitionOrganization for Economic Cooperation and Development（OECD)Commercial bankInterest ratePortfolio Equity Investment,官方发展援助无息贷款补贴贷款转型经济体经济合作与发展组织商业银行利率证券股权投资,国外有价证券投资,14,Key Terms For Unit 5,贸易伙伴贸易壁垒进口关税非关税壁垒从量关税从价关税关税收入双重/三重关税关税税率表,Trading partne
13、rTrade barrierImport tariffNon-tariff barrierSpecific tariffAd valorem tariffTariff revenueTwo-part/three-part tariffTariff schedule,15,Key Terms For Unit 5,进口许可证自动许可非自动许可进口配额绝对配额关税配额自愿出口限制政府采购政策,Import licensingAutomatic licensingNon-automatic licensingImport quotaAbsolute quotaTariff-rate quotaVol
14、untary export restraint(VER)Government procurement policy,16,Terms 3 For Unit 5,17,Key Terms For Unit 6,制成品进出口管制关税减让欧洲联盟一体化新兴工业化经济体贸易构成,manufactured productsImport and export controlTariff reductionEuropean UnionintegrationNewly industrializing economiesComposition of trade,18,Key Terms For Unit 6,出
15、口基地轻工制造业初级产品工业制成品粗加工、低附加值产品深加工、高附加值产品,Export baseLight manufacturingPrimary productFinished industrial productRoughly processed,low value-added productsDeep processed,high value-added products,19,Key Terms For Unit 6,劳动密集型产品贸易量家用电器大宗商品贸易模式垂直专业化补偿贸易寄售包销,Labor-intensive productsTrade volumeElectrical
16、household applianceStaple commodityPattern of tradeVertical specializationCompensation tradeConsignment tradeExclusive sales,20,Key Terms For Unit 6,租赁贸易公开投标期货交易对销贸易边境贸易加工贸易技术含量对外贸易交易额附加值,Leasing tradePublic biddingFutures tradingCounter tradeBorder tradeProcessing tradeTechnical contentForeign trad
17、e turnoverAdded value,Key terms For Unit 7,Organizational objectiveMarketing mixFinancingGradingStandardizationNew product developmentPackagingLabelingscreeningCustomer satisfactionCommercializationTarget marketNo-brand strategyBlanket brandGeneric goods,企业目标市场营销组合融资划分等级标准化新产品开发包装贴标签/标识/商标筛选客户满意度商业化
18、目标市场无品牌策略统一品牌非专利/普通产品,Key terms For Unit 7,Profit maximizationReturn on investmentUniversal product codeTarget returnStatus quocost-driven pricingdemand-driven pricingcompetition-driven pricingSkimming price strategyPenetration price strategyOdd/even pricingMultiple-unit pricingPrestige pricingPrice
19、 lining,利润最大化投资收益条形码目标收益现状成本导向定价 需求导向定价 竞争导向定价 撇脂定价策略渗透定价策略 奇零定价策略多重定价声望定价 价格排列定价法,Key terms For Unit 7,Channel of distributionfull service wholesalerLimited-service wholesalerExtend credit high-volume productPush promotion strategyPull promotion strategyMom and pop storeRetail outletSole proprietor
20、shipPartnershipSpecialty storeCatalogue showroomSales promotion,销售渠道提供充分服务的批发商 有限服务的批发商延长信贷限期/提供信用贷款大量生产制品推动促销策略 拉引促销策略 夫妻店,家庭经营的小摊零售店/摊位独资企业合伙企业专卖店目录商店/邮购商品展示厅推销,24,Key Terms For Unit 8,SupplierMarketing intermediaryNon-controllableMacroenvironmentPurchasing powerSkyrocketAge mixEmpty nesterDiscoun
21、t storeFactory outlet mall,供应商营销中间商不可控因素宏观环境购买力急升,猛升年龄组合空巢者折扣商店工厂分销商店区,25,Key Terms For Unit 8,Key Terms For Unit 9,Public service announcements(PSAs)Mass mediaMass communicationPersonal sellingBrand advertisingBrand identityBrand imageRetail advertisingPolitical advertising,公益广告宣传大众媒体大众沟通人员推销品牌广告品牌
22、识别品牌形象零售广告政治广告,Key Terms For Unit 9,28,Key Terms 1 unit 10,International Payments and SettlementsCurrency fluctuationPayment in advance(advance payment)Partial payment in advanceProgressive paymentCredit/financial standingBalance sheetLiquidityWorking capitalImport/export financingExchange control,国
23、际支付与结算币值波动预付货款分期预付按（施工）进度（分批）付款信用/财务状况资产负债表流动性流动资本，周转资金进口/出口融资外汇管制,29,Key terms 2 unit 10,Open account Negotiable instrumentRemittanceRemitting bankCorrespondent bankBeneficiaryBill of exchange/draftShipping documentAt sightWith a tenor of days,赊账/记帐交易流通票据汇款汇出行议付行/代理行受益人汇票装运单据即期，见票在 天的期限内,30,Key ter
24、ms 3 unit 10,31,Key terms 4 unit 10,Bank creditLetter of credit(L/C)Terms and conditionsDocumentary creditBank guaranteeDefault PrincipalNon-performance of a contract,银行信用信用证条款跟单信用证银行担保函拖欠委托人不履行合同,Key terms 1 For Unit 11,Foreign exchange marketQuoteCurrency conversionLegal tenderExchange rateLicensi
25、ng agreementMoney marketCurrency speculationCurrency convertibilityConvertibleFreely convertible currencyDomestic currency,外汇市场报价货币兑换法定货币汇率许可协议货币市场货币投机货币可兑换性可兑换的自由兑换货币本国货币,Key terms 2 For Unit 11,Resident/nonresidentCountertradeForeign exchange reservesService debt commitmentA run on Capital flightD
26、epreciate v.Appreciate v.HyperinflationEconomic prospect,居民/非居民对销贸易外汇储备偿还债息抢购资本逃逸贬值升值恶性通货膨胀经济前景,Key terms 3 For Unit 11,Foreign exchange riskSpot exchange rateForward exchange rateGross profitSpot/forward marketAt a discountAt a premiumHedge fund,外汇风险即期汇率远期汇率毛利现货/远期市场贴水升水/溢价避险基金,套利基金,35,Key Terms 1
27、unit 12,投资风险一级市场二级市场出资人实物资产 个人资本 金融市场,Investment risk Primary marketSecondary marketCapital supplierReal assetsPersonal capitalFinancial market,36,Key Terms 2 unit 12,私人财产 人力资本债权 金融证券私募发行公募发行按揭贷款抵押债务发行原始证券,Personal assetsHuman capitalFinancial claimFinancial securitiesPrivate placementPublic placeme
28、ntMortgage loanMortgage-backed debtOriginal security issue,37,Key Terms 3 unit 12,现金太多所有者权益 共同基金所有权要求美国电报电话公司,Excess cashOwnership interestsMutual fundsOwnership claimAT&T(American Telephone&Telegraph Company),38,Key Terms 13,Laissez FaireTax hikeTax cutsThe New DealGovernment spendingThe(Great)DepressionFederal Reserve SystemReserve requirements,自由放任税收大幅上升税收降低新政政府支出大萧条联邦储备体系存款准备金率,39,Terms For Unit 13,
