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1、,1.英语动词有三种语气：陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。2.定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。,一、虚拟语气定义,If I am free,I will visit you.,If I were a bird,I would fly into the sky.,（虚拟条件句）,(真实条件句）,What would you do if you won the lottery?If I won the lottery,I would,If I won the lottery,I would buy an expensive
2、 car.(与现在事实相反）,I would buy a villa.（与现在事实相反）,he would not have been late for school.（与过去事实相反）,如果他早起，他就不会上学迟到。,If he(drive)more carefully,he(not have)the car accident yesterday.（与过去事实相反）,had driven,would not have had,If I _(learn)how to swim,I _(be)trapped in this island.（与过去事实相反）,had learnt,would no
3、t have been,假如他来了,我们对他说什么呢？,If he were to come,what should we say to him.,假如他看见我,就会认识我。,If he should see me,he would know me.,（与将来事实相反）,一、一般条件句中的虚拟语气,一、一般条件句中的虚拟语气,1.If I were you,I _ buy the house right now.A.wont B.dont C.wouldnt D.cant2._more careful,his ship would not have sunk.A.If the captain
4、were B.If the captain had been C.Should the captain be D.If the captain would have been 3.If he _ call me tomorrow,I would let him know.A.should B.should not have been able to C.were not able to D.is not able to,B,C,A,二.名词性从句的虚拟语气。主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。,宾语从句。常见动词：一个坚持：insist两个命令：order,command 三条建议：advi
5、se,suggest,propose四项要求：demand,require,request,ask,这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词 使用should+动词原形，或者将should省略。,1.我们建议Tom去休息一下。2.他坚决要求我到场。3.国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。4.他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。,1.We suggested that Tom,2.He insisted that I present.,4.They requested that we,3.The king ordered that the prisoners,(should)have a re
6、st.,(should)be,(should)be killed,the next day.,(should)send them,to work there.,2、以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desire,Its suggested that the plan be carried out.My demand is that she should come to see me once a week.All of u
7、s are for the advice that the chemical factory should be closed down.,三、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法；,1）wish+宾语从句,现在：过去：未来：,过去时(did/were),过去完成时(had done),would/could/might+V.,I wish I were a bird.(现在)I wish I hadnt made such a mistake.(过去)We wish our parents wouldnt punish us.(未来),2）would rather that-,现在：过去：未来：,I
8、 would rather you _(pay)me now.(现在),I would rather you _(go)there yesterday.(过去),Dont come.I would rather you _(come)tomorrow.(未来),过去时,过去时,过去完成时,paid me,had gone,came,3）as if/though+从句,现在：过去：将来：,过去时,过去完成时,She loves the baby as if it were her own son.It seems as if it were spring.They talked as if th
9、ey had been friends for years.,would/could/might+v.,4).Its（high）time+that-,(should+V.),过去时,你该走了。,我们该睡觉了。,Its high time that you.Its high time that you.,Its time that we.Its time that we to bed.,went,should go,went to bed,should go,5）If only(要是就好了)If only I knew his name!If only we had followed your
10、advice!If only I could see him again!,要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。要是我没错过火车就好了！,If only our parents could live with us!,If only I hadnt missed the train!,6）Its necessary/strange/natural/important a pity+that-从句中的动词要用虚拟，即(should)+动词原形,1.It is important that we(should)master a foreign language.2.It is strange t
11、hat she refuse to come to the party.3.Its necessary that we should study hard.,1.The volleyball match will be put off if it _.A.will rainB.rainsC.rainedD.is rained,B,精选习题,2.You didnt let me drive.If we _ in turn,you _ so tired.A.drovedidnt getB.had drivenwouldnt have gotC.drovewouldnt get D.were dri
12、vingwouldnt get,B,3.What would have happened,_ as far as the river bank?A.Bob had walked farther B.if Bob should walk farther C.if Bob had walked farther D.if Bob walked farther4.How I wish every family _ a large house with a beautiful garden!(02 上海)A.hasB.had C.will haveD.had had,C,B,5.When a penci
13、l is partly in a glass of water,it looks as if it _.(95 N)A.breaksB.has broken C.were broken D.had been broken,C,.,6.-Do you mind if I leave the window open?-Well,Id rather you _.A.dont B.didnt C.wont D.mustnt 7.Its half past eleven.Its high time _ home.A.well B.wed C.were going D.we went,B,D,1.I am
14、 afraid I am busy tonight,so I would rather you()(不来).2.Mikes father,as well as his mother insisted that he()(该呆在家里).3.You()(本不该出去)last night without an overcoat.No wonder you caught a cold.4.I am worried about the monitor,she()(应该到这里)an hour ago.5.The sun rises in the east and sets in the west,so it seems as if the sun()(绕着地球转).6.How I wish I()(保存)the file I was working on.7.If we had been more careful,the accident()(不可能发生).8.If everyone in the country knew first aid,many lives()(被救).9.As is known to all,it is high time that we()(采取措施)to stop pollution.,
