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1、第九节名词性从句,本节目录,语法精讲考点整合,语法专练知能闯关,考点一主语从句1引导词(1)that不充当句子成分，本身无意义，仅起连接作用，但不能省略。(2)whether不充当句子成分，但有“是否”的意义，不能省略，不能用if代替。还常和or连用，构成“whether.or.或者”。(3)who，whom，what，which，whose本身有意义(和其作疑问词同义)，在句中作主语、宾语或定语，不能省略。(4)where，when，how，why本身有意义(和其作疑问词同义)，在句中作状语，不能省略。,(5)whever引导的从句和不带ever的引导词在句中所做成分一样，但其意义上多了“无
2、论；任何”的含义。(2011高考北京卷)What Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.Barbara Jones给她粉丝的就是诚信和快乐。Whether there are living creatures in the outer space as those on Earth hasnt been proved up to now.外太空是否存在像地球上一样的生物迄今尚未确定。,2由it作形式主语的句型(1)Itbe形容词(obvious，natural，good，funny，etc.)that从句。(2)It
3、be名词性词组(no wonder，an honour，a pity，no surprise，etc.)that从句。(3)Itbe过去分词(said，reported，thought，expected，etc.)that从句。(4)It doesnt matter/makes no difference，etc.连接代词或连接副词引导的主语从句。It matters much whether the headmaster supports our activity.校长是否支持我们的活动很重要。,(2011高考江苏卷)It was never clear why the man hadnt
4、reported the accident sooner.为什么这个人没有尽快报告这起事故还不清楚。It never occurred to me that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.我真想不到你竟然说服了他，使他改变了主意。,【典例】(2012高考天津卷)It doesnt matter _ you turn right or left at the crossingboth roads lead to the park.AwhetherBhowCif Dwhen【解析】选A。本题考查名词性从句的引导词。句意
5、为“在这个十字路口你向左或右转弯都没有关系，因为两条路都通向公园”。题干中it作形式主语，所以所选的连词在句中引导主语从句。whether引导名词性从句表示“是否”之意,而且题干中出现了关键信息词or。whether.or.表示“是还是”。if引导名词性从句也表示“是否”，但引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句等只能用whether而不能用if。,【易错剖析】本题容易误选C。if只有在宾语从句中有“是否”含义，与whether换用，主语从句只能用whether。,触类旁通1(2012山东省实验中学第二次诊断性)Its my treat today.Is there any particular
6、meal you would like to have?_ you choose is all right with me.AWhatever BWhatCAnything what DNo matter what解析：选A。Whatever引导的从句作主语，相当于Anything that you choose，no matter what不能引导名词性从句，只能引导让步状语从句。句意：无论你选什么对我都适合。,2(2012东阿县一中高三九月测试)_ that there is another good harvest this year.AIt says BIt is saidCIt wa
7、s said DHe was said解析：选B。考查固定句型。It is said that.据说。It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的主语从句that there is another good harvest this year.。句意：据说今年我们又有一个好收成。,3(2013济南外国语学校第一学期高三质量检测)It even leaves the scientists in wonder _they should call the newlyborn creature，which looks halfhuman and halfanimal.Athat BwhyCwhat Dhow解析
8、：选C。句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是“_ they should call the newlyborn creature，which looks halfhuman and halfanimal.”从句中缺少宾语，所以用what。全句意为“他们应该把这种新出生的生物称作生命,他们看上去半人半兽，这件事让科学家们很困惑”。,考点二宾语从句其引导词的用法基本和主语从句相同,但需注意以下几点：(1)that从句一般不能充当介词宾语,但在except(除了)，in(在于)后可以。He is a good student except that he is a little bit careless
9、.他是个好学生，就是有点粗心。He differed from his classmates in that he devoted his spare time to reading.他和他的同学不同的地方在于他把课余时间用在了读书上。,(2)whether引导的宾语从句可以由if代替，但介词后只能用whether。They are talking about whether they should carry out the plan.他们正在讨论是否该实施这项计划。(3)在某些动词,如find，feel，think，consider,make,believe等后有宾语从句时,常用it作形式
10、宾语,而将宾语从句后置.We think it highly probable that he is dead.我们认为他已经死了，这是非常可能的。We consider it necessary that he should improve his pronunciation.他应当改进他的发音，我们认为这是必要的。He has made it clear that he will not give in.他不会屈服的，这一点他已明确表示了。,【典例】(2012高考陕西卷)As many five courses are provided,and you are free to choose
11、 _ suits you best.Awhatever BwhicheverCwhenever Dwherever【解析】选B。本题考查宾语从句连接词。分析句子结构可知，所填内容引导宾语从句，且在从句中作主语，而C，D两项作状语，可排除；另外，由信息词five courses与choose可知是在给定的范围中做出选择，故排除whatever“无论什么”，选择whichever“无论哪个”。句意：提供了多达五门课程，你可以自由选择最适合你的那一门。【易错剖析】本题容易误选A。只考虑到了宾语从句中缺少主语，没有考虑到句子的具体意义，应该用“(其中)任何一个”。,触类旁通1(2012临沂市高三上学期
12、期中考试)They were so surprised at _ they saw that they all ran away.Awhat BthatCwhich Dwho解析：选A。考查介词后的宾语从句，从句中缺宾语。句意：他们对所看到的如此吃惊以至于都跑了。,2(2013绍兴一中高三阶段性测试)_ surprised me most was that she didnt even know _the difference between the two lies.AWhat；where BWhat；whatCThat；where DThat；what解析：选A。what surprise
13、d me most是主语从句，因其中缺主语，所以用what，第二个是where引导的宾语从句，因为从句中的谓语动词lies是不及物动词，不可接宾语，不能用what。,3(2012绍兴一中分校第一学期高三期中)After seven hours drive，they reached _they thought was the place they had been dreamt of.Athat BwhatCwhere Dwhich解析：选B。what引导的从句作reach的宾语，从句中they thought是插入语，去掉之后可以看出从句中缺少主语。,考点三表语从句表语从句引导词的用法基本和宾
14、语从句相同，但要注意以下几点：that引导表语从句时，不能省略。whether引导表语从句时，不能用if代替。主句的主语是the reason时,其表语从句的引导词为that，不能用because。China is no longer what she used to be.中国再也不是从前的中国了。My decision is that all of us are to start at 600 tomorrow morning.我的决定是我们所有人明天早上6点出发。The problem is whether we can get enough money.问题是我们能否弄到足够的钱。,【
15、典例】(2011高考山东卷)Im afraid hes more of a talker than a doer，which is_ he never finishes anything.Athat BwhenCwhere Dwhy【解析】选D。句意：我觉得与其说他是个实干家不如说他是个空谈家，这就是为什么他从来不会完成任何事情的原因。分析句子结构可知,which引导非限制性定语从句,which指代前面的整个句子hes more of a talker than a doer；在定语从句中，is后面为表语从句，由句意可知which指代的内容是表语从句内容的原因，故用why引导表语从句。【易错剖
16、析】本题容易误选A。没有理解准确整句话的意义：前面的主句是后面的原因。,触类旁通1(2013烟台牟平高三第一学期检测)On Sundays I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.Thats _ I dont agree.You should have a more active life.Awhat BwhenChow Dwhere解析：选D。where引导的从句作表语，此句句意：那就是我不同意的地方。须注意：agree是不及物动词，后面不能接宾语，所以不能用what。,2(2012杭州萧山区
17、五校高三期中考试)The brave national spirits showed in the film The Flowers of War are _deeply moved the audience.A which BthatCwho D what解析：选D。what引导的从句作表语，因从句中缺主语，所以用what。,考点四同位语从句1同位语从句常放在fact，news，idea，truth，hope，problem，information，belief，thought，doubt等名词的后面，是对前面的名词作进一步的解释，说明前面名词的具体含义。There seems to be
18、no possibility that Li Hua can win the first prize in the 100meter race.看起来似乎李华在一百米比赛中没有可能获得一等奖。There is a popular belief among the Europeans that chicken soup can help cure flu.欧洲人普遍相信鸡汤可以帮助治愈流感。,The question has been raised at the meeting whether each member country should equally share the expens
19、e of the committee.每一个成员国是否均等分担委员会的费用在会议上被提出来。I have no idea when he will come back.我不知道他将何时回来。,2同位语从句与定语从句的区别：同位语从句是对前面名词的内容作进一步的解释、说明，引导词只起引导作用，不在句中作任何成分，一般不可省略。定语从句是对前面名词进行修饰、限制，引导词在句中作一定的句子成分。The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.他们赢得比赛的消息很快就传遍了整个学校。(此句为同位语从句，进一步解
20、释“the news”的内容)The news you told me yesterday was really disappointing.你昨天告诉我的消息真的很令人失望。(此句是定语从句，它指的是“你昨天告诉我的那个消息”),【典例】(2012高考江苏卷)The notice came around two in the afternoon _ the meeting would be postponed.Awhen BthatCwhether Dhow【解析】选B。本题考查名词性从句。句意：会议将被推迟的通知下午2点钟左右发布。分析句式结构可知，所填词语引导的从句_the meetin
21、g would be postponed说明的是主语the notice的内容，即同位语从句。由于从句与先行词the notice被主句谓语部分came around two in the afternoon分隔，从而加大了识别的难度。从句内容完整，不需要添加when或how作状语，也不含有不确定因素，不能使用whether，故选B项。,【易错剖析】本题容易误选A。把从句看成了定语从句修饰the afternoon，通过句意不难看出从句是用来说明the notice的具体内容的，它们之间是同位语关系。,触类旁通1(2012山东潍坊一模)The strange thing about Nicho
22、las is _ he taught himself to read before he could speak.Awhat BthatCwhether Dif解析：选B。分析句子结构可知，空格后面的分句是一个表语从句，由于从句不缺少主语或者宾语,因此不能填what，结合句意选that。,2(2012北京海淀二模)One of the glorious moments in my school life was _ I was awarded the Mayors Award.Awhy BhowCthat Dwhen解析：选D。考查表语从句。句意：在我的学生时代，令我感到荣耀的时刻之一就是我被授予“市长奖”的时刻。句子的主语是one of the glorious moments，所以表语应是“当的时候”。其他选项在语句上不通顺，故选D。,本部分内容讲解结束,按ESC键退出全屏播放,
