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1、美国名人作家埃德加爱伦坡HalloweenisagoodtimetocelebratethestoriesofEdgarAllanPoeplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-16:55repeatByShelleyGollust2005-10-29(MUSIC)VOICEONE:mSteveEmber.VOICETWO:AndmFaithLapiduswithPEOPLEINAMERICAfromVOASpecialEnglish.Today,wetellaboutEdgarAllanPoe,anineteenthcenturyAmericanwriter.Hisstories
2、andpoemsweresomeofthemostfrighteningandstrangeeverwritten.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:AmericanscelebrateHalloweenonOctoberthirty-first.Itismostlyaholidayforchildren,wholiketobefrightened.YetmanygrownpeopleobserveHalloween,too.ThosewholovethewritingsofEdgarAllanPoethinkPoeismostfamousforhisstoriesandpoemsofstran
3、geness,mysteryandterror.VOICETWO:EdgarAllanPoediedinthecityofBaltimore,Marylandineighteenforty-nine.Now,inthatcity,anunusualpartytakesplaceeveryHalloween.Inthedarkofnight,visitorsgotothegroundsofWestminsterPresbyterianChurchwherePoeisburied.Everythingisquiet.Thenavoicecallsout.ItisPoe!No,itisjustana
4、ctor,readingPoeswork.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:ReadingstorieswasoneofthemostimportantformsofenjoymentinEdgarAllanPoestime.Poecreatedmanyoftheseshortstories,Theyappearedindifferentpublications.HorrorstoriesalreadywerepopularwhenPoebeganwriting.Criticssayhewrotetheperfecthorrorstory.Poealsowrotedetectivestories
5、.Theseweremysteriesaboutcrimes,suchasmurder.Aninvestigatorcalledadetectivesolvesthemysteries.Thedetectiveisabletofindimportant,hiddenmeaningsinfacts.ThehorroranddetectivestoriesPoecreatedremainpopularinbooksandmovies.VOICETWO:EdgarAllanPoesworkisnoteasytoread.Hislanguageisdifficulttounderstandtoday.
6、Andmostofhiswritingdescribesveryunpleasantsituationsandevents.HisstoryThePitandthePendulum,forexample,isaboutthementaltortureofaprisoner.Eachtimetheprisonersaveshimselffromdeath,anewandmorehorribleformofdeaththreatenshim.AnotherstoryisTheMasqueoftheRedDeath.Init,aterribledisease-theRedDeath-haskille
7、dhalfthepopulationofacountry.Therulerofthecountryshutshiscastleagainstthedisease.Heandhiswealthyfriendsareinside.Theypassthetimebyhavingparties.TheybelievetheRedDeathwillnotfindthem.Butitdoes.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:EdgarPoewasbornineighteen-oh-nineinBoston,Massachusetts.Hisparentswereactors.Atthattime,acto
8、rswerenotacceptedbythebestsociety.Edgarwasababywhenhisfatherleftthefamily.Hewastwoyearsoldwhenhismotherdied.Hewastakenintothehomeofawealthybusinessman,JohnAllan.Hethenreceivedhisnewname-EdgarAllanPoe.JohnAllanneverofficiallymadeEdgarhisson.Infact,hecametodislikehimstrongly.EdgarattendedschoolsinEngl
9、andandinRichmond,Virginia.AsayoungmanzheattendedtheUniversityofVirginiainCharlottesville.Hewasagoodstudent.HewasamemberoftheJeffersonLiterarySociety.Buthelikedtodrinkalcoholandplaycardgamesformoney.Edgarwasnotagoodplayer.Helostmoneyhedidnothave.JohnAllanrefusedtopayEdgarsgamblinglosses.Healsorefused
10、toletEdgarcontinueattheuniversity.So,EdgarwenttoBostonandbeganworkingasawriterandeditorformonthlymagazines.Healsoservedinthearmyfortwoyears.VOICETWO:EdgarAllanPoeworkedhard.Hebecameasuccessfuleditor.Hepublishedthreebooksofpoetry.Healsobeganwritingstories.FiveofhisstorieswereprintedinapublicationinPh
11、iladelphia,Pennsylvaniaineighteenthirty-two.Yethewasnotwellpaid.Hislifewasdifficult.Hewaspoor,andhewastroubledbysicknessesofthebodyandmind.Poesufferedfromdepression.Hefearedhewasinsane.Hedrankalcoholtoescapehisfears.Thealcoholhadaverybadeffectonhim.VOICEONE:Ineighteenthirty-five,PoebeganeditingtheSo
12、uthernLiteraryMessengerinRichmond,Virginia.Thefollowingyear,attheageoftwenty-seven,hemarriedVirginiaClemm.Shewasthedaughterofhisfatherssister.Shewasonlythirteenyearsold.PoeandhiswifemovedoftenashefoundworkatmagazinesandnewspapersinPhiladelphiaandNewYork.Foratime,itseemedthatPoewouldfindsomehappiness
13、.Buthiswifewassickformostoftheirmarriage.Shediedineighteenforty-seven.Afterhiswifesdeath,Poesproblemswithalcoholincreased.Hediedtwoyearslater;attheageofforty.HewasfounddeadinBaltimoreafterdaysofheavydrinking.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:Throughallhiscrises,EdgarAllanPoeproducedmanystories,poems,andworksofcritici
14、sm.Someofhisstorieswonprizes.Yethedidnotbecomefamousuntileighteenforty-five.ThatwaswhenhispoemTheRavenwaspublished.ThereisnoquestionthatPoesufferedfromemotionalproblems.OnecriticsaidPoesspiritwastorn.HesaidPoesstorieswereoftenabouthisowndividednature.Eachpersoninhisstoriesshowedadifferentsideofthewr
15、iter.Thereisaquestion,however,aboutPoesimportance.SomecriticssaidhewasoneofAmericasbestwriters.Othersdisagreed.VOICEONE:OnecriticsaidPoediscoveredanewartisticuniverse-auniverseofdreams.Itwasaplacewherethelinebetweenrealityandunrealityisextremelythin.EventhosewhopraisedPoeagreedthattherearemanydiffic
16、ultiesinhiswork.ThesedifficultiesplacePoeswritingoutsidethemainbodyofAmericanliterature.MostAmericanwritingisrealistic.Poesinterestsandwayofwritingwerenotrealisticatall.PoesworkhasbeenpraisedmostinFrance.HehadagreatinfluenceonmanyFrenchwriters.VOICETWO:Poesbest-knownpoemisTheRaven.Somepeopleloveit.T
17、heysayitislikemusic.Othershateit.Theysayitsoundsforcedandunnatural-likebadmusic.TheRavenisaboutamanwhosegreatIovezLenore,hasdied.Sheisgoneforever.Butthemancannotacceptthatallhappinessisgone.Hesitsaloneamonghisbookslateatnight.Hehearsanoiseatthewindow.Hereisthebeginningofthepoem:READER:Onceuponamidni
18、ghtdreary,whileIpondered,weakandweary,Overmanyaquaintandcuriousvolumeofforgottenlore-WhileInodded,nearlynapping,suddenlytherecameatapping,Asofsomeonegentlyrapping-rappingatmychamberdoor.nTissomevisitor,Imuttered,tappingatmychamberdoor-Onlythisandnothingmore.VOICETWO:Themanlooksoutthewindowandseesonl
19、yblackness.READER:Deepintothatdarknesspeering,longIstoodtherewondering,fearing,Doubting,dreamingdreamsnomortaleverdaredtodreambefore;Butthesilencewasunbroken,andthestillnessgavenotoken,Andtheonlywordtherespokenwasthewhisperedword,Lenore!ThisIwhispered,andanechomurmuredbacktheword,Lenore!Merelythisan
20、dnothingmore.VOICETWO:Butthereissomethingatthewindow.Itisalargeblackbird-araven.Itcomesintotheroomlikethespiritofdeathandhopelessness.Itsitsonasmallstatueabovethedoor.Theravencanspeakjustoneword:nevermore-meaningneveragain.READER:ButtheRaven,sittinglonelyonthatplacidbust,spokeonlyThatoneword,asifhis
21、soulinthatonewordhedidoutpour.Nothingfurtherthenheuttered;notafeatherthenhefluttered-TillIscarcelymorethanmuttered,Otherfriendshaveflownbefore-Onthemorrowhewillleaveme,asmyHopeshaveflownbefore.,Thenthebirdsaid,Nevermore.VOICETWO:Themanbecomesfrightened.Hedoesnotknowiftheravenisjustabirdoranevilspiri
22、t.Weknowtheravenwillneverleavethemansroom.READER:AndtheRaven,neverflitting,stillissitting-stillissittingOnthepallidbustofPallasjustabovemychamberdoor;AndhiseyeshavealltheseemingofaDemonthatisdreaming,Andthelamplightoerhimstreamingthrowshisshadowonthefloor;AndmysoulfromoutthatshadowthatliesfloatingonthefloorShallbelifted-nevermore!Pause(MUSIC)VOICEONE:ThisprogramwaswrittenbyShelleyGollust.ItwasproducedbyLawanDavis.OurpoetryreaderwasRichardRael.mSteveEmber.VOICETWO:AndmFaithLapidus.JoinusagainnextweekforPeopleinAmericafromVOASpecialEnglish.
