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1、美国名人水牛比尔科迪BuffaloBillCodyplaystopmutemaxvolume00:0014:46repeatByGeorgeGrow2004-5-1(THEME)VOICEONE:mGwenOuten.VOICETWO:AndmDougJohnsonwithPEOPLEINAMERICAinVOASpecialEnglish.Today,wetellthestoryofamancalledBuffaloBill.HisrealnamewasWilliamF.Cody.HecreatedWildWestshowsthatpeoplearoundtheworldenjoyedfor
2、morethanthirtyyears.(THEME)VOICEONE:WilliamFrederickCodywasbornineighteen-forty-sixinthestateofIowa.HediedinColoradoinnineteen-seventeen.Researchersdisagreeaboutotherincidentsinhislife.ThatisbecausesomestoriesaboutBuffaloBillareacombinationoffactualeventsandmake-believe.However,thereisgeneralagreeme
3、ntabouttheinfluenceofBuffaloBillCody.PeoplesayherepresentedthespiritandtraditionoftheAmericanWest.VOICETWO:WilliamF.CodygrewupinthecenteroftheUnitedStates.WilliamsfamilymovedfromIowatotheterritoryofKansaswhenhewasstillachild.Hisfatherdiedineighteen-fifty-seven.AshorttimeIaterzWilliamstartedworkingat
4、differentjobstohelphisfamily.Heworkedasadriverforateamofoxen.Heguidedthepowerfulanimalsastheymovedgoodsfromplacetoplace.Healsocarriedmessagesforalocalcompany.1.ater,WilliamjoinedagroupofmenseekinggoldinthemountainsofColorado.Theywerenotverysuccessful.ThenhegotajobasaPonyExpressrider.ThePonyExpressus
5、edteamsofmenandhorsestotransportmailacrossthecountry.Williamwasaskilledrider.Onceherodefive-hundred-fifteenkilometersinasingletrip.ThiswasoneofthelongestridesforthePonyExpress.Atthetime,hewasjustfifteenyearsold.(MUSICBRIDGE)VOICEONE:Kansasbecameastateineighteen-sixty-one.Afewweekslater,theCivilWarbe
6、tweenthestatesstarted.Southernstatesfoughttoprotecttherightsofindividualstates.Northernstatesfoughttokeepthecountryunited.Duringthewar,KansasjoinedwiththeNorthandprovidedmenfortheUnionarmy.WilliamwastooyoungtofightwhentheCivilWarstarted.Atfirst,heservedtheUnionforcesasascout,orexplorer.Ineighteen-si
7、xty-fourzhejoinedtheUnitedStatesArmy.CodybecameamemberoftheSeventhKansasCavalry.HisforcewassenttonearbysouthernstatesduringtheCivilWar.Codydroveateamofhorses.Heremainedthereuntilthewarended.VOICETWO:Afterthewar,WilliamCodymarriedLouisaFredericiinSaintLouiszMissouri.Theyweremarriedformorethanfiftyyea
8、rsandhadfourchildren.Whentheywerefirstmarried,Codyhadmanydifferentjobs.Forexample,heoperatedahotelinKansas.ThenhebeganhuntingbuffaloforworkcrewsbuildingtheKansasPacificRailroad.Theworkersusedthewildanimalsformeat.CodygotthenameBuffaloBillbywinningabuffalohuntingcompetition.Reportssayheshotandkilledm
9、orethanfour-thousandbuffaloinjusteighteenmonths.(MUSICBRIDGE)VOICEONE:Codyre-joinedtheArmyineighteen-sixty-eight.HeservedasacivilianscoutformilitaryforcesfightingIndiansintheWest.HisexperienceandskillsmadehimanablefighterandguidefortheArmy.CodyhelpedtheFifthCavalrydefeatagroupofCheyennewarriors.Heal
10、soservedasaguideforindividualswhowantedtohuntbuffalo.SomehunterscamefrombigcitiesintheeasternUnitedStatesandfromothercountries.OnceheguidedamemberofRussiasrulingfamily,theGrandDukeAlexiszonahuntingtrip.Americannewspapersreportedontheiractivities.VOICETWO:Codysexcitinglifeprovidedthedetailsformanysto
11、ries.AnumberofwritersbeganproducingstoriesaboutfamouspeopleofthewesternUnitedStates.Thesestoriesbecameknownasdimenovels.DimenovelshelpedmakeheroesofpeoplelikeDavyCrockettandKitCarson.AwriternamedNedBuntlinedecidedtowriteabookaboutBuffaloBill.BuntlinesbookandnewspaperreportshelpedmakeCodyfamous.Thebo
12、okbecamepopularandwaslatermadeintoaplaycalledScoutsofthePrairie.BuffaloBillevenappearedintheshow.CriticssaidCodywasabadactor,buttheshowwasverysuccessful.TheplayledCodytoformhisowntravelingshow.ThegroupincludedanotherherooftheAmericanWest,WildBillHickok.VOICEONE:Duringthisperiod,Codyoftenreturnedtoth
13、eWesttofindotherwork.HeassistedtheArmyinitsoperationsagainstIndiantribes.Ineighteen-seventy-sixzIndianwarriorsdefeatedGeneralGeorgeCusterandhisforcesintheBattleofLittleBigHorninMontana.AfewweeksIaterzCodyandothersoldiersclashedwithagroupofCheyenneIndians.Duringthefighting,CodyreportedlykilledaCheyen
14、newarriornamedYellowHair.ThiseventaddedyetanotherincidenttoBuffaloBillscollectionofstories.CodylikedtheideaofbeingashowmanandtellingpeopleabouttheAmericanWest.Ineighteen-seventy-ninezhewrotehisownlifestoryandbeganpublishinghisowndimenovels.Healsocontinuedtoproduceplays.(MUSICBRIDGE)VOICETWO:Codyorga
15、nizedhisfirstWildWestshowineighteen-eighty-twointhestateofNebraska.Theshowwasperformedoutside.Itwasdesignedtoentertainandeducatecrowdsofpeople.Therewerecowboys,Indians,buffaloandotherkindsofanimals.Peoplewerenotsureexactlywhattheshowwas,buttheylikedit.Thefollowingyear,Codyandhisbusinesspartnersforme
16、datravelingshowcalledBuffaloBillsWildWest.ItbroughtcowboysandIndianstopeopleinpartsoftheUnitedStateswhomightneverhaveseenthem.Theshowwasamajorsuccessforthenextthirtyyears.Peoplelikeditformanyreasons.Onewasadesiretoreturntoearlier,simplertimes.TheAmericanWestofthedimenovelswasfastdisappearing.Thearea
17、wasstartingtodevelop.VOICEONE:BuffaloBillsWildWestshowincludedcowboyshuntingbuffalo.IthadridersforthePonyExpress.Itre-createdanIndianattackonacarriagetransportinggoods.Theshowalsore-createdtheattackagainstGeneralCusterandhisforces.ItincludedIndianswhowereinvolvedintherealattack.Italsoincludedthefamo
18、usSiouxchiefSittingBull,whohadkilledGeneralCuster.SittingBulltraveledwithBuffaloBillsWildWestshowforseveralmonths.Inlateryears,acowgirlnamedAnnieOakleyperformedwiththeshow.Shewasoneofthebestgunshootersinthecountry.AnnieOakleycouldrideahorsestandingupwhileshootingatatarget.Shecouldshootapieceofmoneyo
19、utofsomeoneshand.OncezshebecamefamousforshootingacigaretteheldinthemouthofGermanCrownPrinceWilhelm.BuffaloBillsWildWestperformedincitiesandtownsacrosstheUnitedStatesandinEurope.Ineighteen-eighty-sevenztheshowperformedinEnglandinhonorofQueenVictoriasfiftiethanniversaryinpower.Sixyearslater,theshowwas
20、popularattheWorldsFairinChicago,Illinois.VOICETWO:BuffaloBillCodywassaidtobethemostfamousAmericanintheworldbythebeginningofthetwentiethcentury.AmericanpresidentsmetwithhimtodiscussissuesimportanttotheWest.Hehadmanymodernideas.Forexample,hesupportedfairtreatmentforAmericanIndians.Andhesupportedequalp
21、ayandequalvotingrightsforwomen.Hewasalsoabusinessmanwholookedtowardthefuture.HeinvestedinprojectsthathehopedwouldbringeconomicgrowthtotheWest.Codymadealotofmoneyfromhisshowbusinesssuccess.Howeverzhelosthiswealthbecauseofbadinvestmentsandfailuretowatchhowthemoneywasused.Innineteen-oh-eight,BuffaloBil
22、lsWildWestcombinedwithanothertravelingshow.Butthisshowfailed.AshorttimeIaterzCodygotaloanfromaColoradocompanytokeephisshowoperating.Buthisfinancialsituationgotworseoverthenextfewyears.VOICEONE:BuffaloBillCodydiedinnineteen-seventeenwhilevisitinghissisterinDenver,Colorado.Hewasburiednearthecity,atthe
23、topofLookoutMountain.Hisfuneralwasamajorevent.Twenty-thousandpeopletraveledtheretoattendtheceremony.Today,thousandsofpeoplevisitLookoutMountaineveryyear.TheyseeCodysburialplaceandamuseumbuiltinhishonor.AndztheyhearstoriesaboutpeoplewhoexperiencedtheexcitementofBuffaloBillsWildWestshow.(THEME)VOICETWO:ThisprogramwaswrittenbyGeorgeGrow.LawanDaviswasourproducer.mDougJohnson.VOICEONE:AndmGwenOuten.JoinusagainnextweekforPEOPLEINAMERICAinVOASpecialEnglish.
