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1、美国名人歌手，词作家伍迪格斯里2ThisLandIsYourLand:TheLife,MusicandPoliticsofWoodyGuthrieplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-14:58repeatByShelleyGollust2006-8-12VOICEONE:mMaryTillotson.VOICETWO:AndmSteveEmberwiththeVOASpecialEnglishprogram,PEOPLEINAMERICA.Today,wecompleteourstoryaboutsongwriterandsingerWoodyGuthrie.(MUSIC)V
2、OICEONE:WoodyGuthriegrewupinOklahomaandTexasduringthenineteentwenties.Ashorttimelater;manyfarmsinthesestatesfailed.Extremedryweatherruinedthesoil.ThisareabecameknownastheDustBowl.1.ikemanypeople,WoodyleftforCaliforniatofindwork.However,manypeoplecouldonlyfindworkonfarmsgatheringfruitorothercrops.The
3、seworkersoftenlivedincampswithpoorconditions.Woodyvisitedthesefarmworkercamps.Heplayedhisguitarandsangsongshewrotethatdescribedtheconditionsatthecamphewasvisiting.VOICETWO:1.aborunionorganizersinCaliforniafoundWoodyGuthrieusefultotheircause.TheyurgedhimtogotoNewYorkCitytomakerecordingsofhissongs.Woo
4、dylikedtheideaandleftCaliforniaforNewYorkCityinnineteenforty.TherehemetAlanLomax,anexpertonAmericastraditionalmusic.LomaxworkedfortheUnitedStatesLibraryofCongressinWashington,D.C.HecollectedandrecordedtraditionalAmericanfolkmusic.WhenheheardWoodysing,LomaxknewhehadfoundatruesingerOfAmericanfolkmusic
5、.VOICEONE:AlanLomaxrecordedmanyofWoodyssongsfortheLibraryofCongress.HealsohelpedWoodyfindworkinNewYork.OnecompanyagreedtorecordsomeofWoodyssongs.TherecordhemadewascalledDustBowlBallads.Thesongstoldstoriesofpeoplewhohadlosttheirland.ManymusiccriticspraisedWoodyandthesongshewrote.1.omaxalsohelpedWoody
6、getajobwithCBSRadio.HesangandplayedfolkmusiconaradioprogramthatwasbroadcastacrosstheUnitedStates.VOICETWO:Woodyandseveralothermusiciansjoinedtogethertowritepoliticalprotestsongs.OneofthesewasPeteSeeger.WoodywroteperformedwithagroupcalledtheAlmanacSingers.Later,somemembersofthegroupformedthefolksingi
7、nggroupcalledtheWeavers.ItwasduringthistimeinNewYorkthatWoodywrotewhatbecamehismostfamoussong,ThisLandisYourLand.HedescribedthebeautyandrichnessofAmericathathehadseenduringhistravels.HebelievedAmericashouldbeaplacethatbelongstorichandpoorpeoplealike.Thefirstversionofhissongexpressedoppositiontopriva
8、teproperty.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Innineteenforty-one,theInteriorDepartmentaskedWoodyGuthrietowritesongssupportingthebuildingoftheBonnevilleDamontheColumbiaRiverinWashingtonstate.Hewrotetwenty-sixsongsinamonth.ThebestknownoftheseisRollOnColumbia.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:WoodyGuthriewroteabookabouthisearlyHfeinOklah
9、omaandTexas.Itwaspublishedinnineteenforty-three.HecalleditBoundforGlory.Hedescribedhischildhood,andthepainofwatchinghismotherslowlybecominginsane.HealsowroteabouthistravelsandtheneedypeoplehesawinmanypartsofAmerica.Onebookcriticwrote:Someday,peoplearegoingtowakeupandrealizethatWoodyGuthrieandhissong
10、sareanationaltreasure,liketheYellowstoneorYosemiteparks.VOICEONE:DuringWorldWarTwo,WoodyjoinedAmericasMerchantMarine.TheMerchantMarinetransportedsoldiersandsuppliesacrosstheAtlanticOceantoEurope.Later;WoodyservedintheArmy.HereturnedtoNewYorkwhenthewarended.Woodyswifehadlefthimafewyearsearlier.Innine
11、teenforty-five,hemarriedMarjorieMazia.ShewasadancerwiththeMarthaGrahamdancegroup.WoodyandMarjoriehadadaughternamedCathyAnn.Innineteenfifty,Woodybeganwritingsongsforchildren.Thesebecameverypopular.HereisonecalledRidinginMyCar.Itshowshissenseoffunandhumor.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:Oneday,whileWoodyandMarjoriewe
12、reaway,afirestartedintheirhouse.TheirdaughterCathyAnnwasseverelyburned.Shediedthenextday.Woodywascrushedbyherdeath.Herememberedhowhissisterhaddiedthesameway.HewasneverthesameafterCathyAnndied.Hehadtroubleearningmoney.Hebegandrinkingalcohol.WoodyandMarjoriehadseveralmorechildrenafterCathyAnnsdeath.Bu
13、ttheirmarriageended.WoodyGuthriebegannotingsomethingstrangeabouthimself.Hefoundthatthewordshewroteoftendidnotmakesense.Andhehadsuddenattacksofuncontrollableshaking.Innineteenfifty-two,doctorsconfirmedhisworstfears.HehadHuntingtonschorea,thesamediseaseofthebrainandnervoussystemthathadkilledhismother.
14、WoodyGuthriewasfortyyearsold.VOICEONE:Therewasnotreatmentforthedisease.Hisconditiongotworse.Innineteenfifty-four;WoodyGuthrietraveledonemoretimeacrossAmerica.Hewantedtoseetheplaceswherehehadlivedandtheworkerscampswherehehadsung.Oldfriendshadtroublerecognizinghim.Insteadofayoungmanfulloflife,theysawa
15、noldmanwhocouldnotspeakclearlyorcontrolhisshaking.Finally,heenteredahospitalbecausehecouldnolongercareforhimself.Butwhileheseemedtobeforgotten,hismusicwasnot.Bythelatenineteenfifties,folkmusicbecamepopularagainintheUnitedStates.MoreAmericansbeganlisteningandplayingthesongsofWoodyGuthrie.Youngfolksin
16、gers,likeBobDylan,cametoNewYorktovisitWoodyinthehospital.DylanandotherscopiedthewayWoodysangandplayedtheguitar.AndlikeWoody,theywroteprotestsongsthatcalledforsocialandpoliticaljustice.VOICETWO:WoodyGuthrieremainedinthehospitaluntilhediedinnineteensixty-seven.Hisfamilyandfriendsvisitedhimeachweek.Int
17、helastyearsofhislife,Woodycouldhardlyspeak.Buthisfamilyandfriendsknewhestillbelievedinthecauseshehadsungandwrittenaboutallhislife.Theyknewthisbecausewhentheysanghissongs,Woodyseyeswouldbecomebrighterandhisdefiantspiritwouldshinethrough.(MUSIC:HardTraveIin)VOICEONE:ThisVOASpecialEnglishprogramwaswrittenbyShelleyGollust.ItwasproducedbyPaulThompson.mMaryTillotson.VOICETWO:AndImSteveEmber.JoinusagainnextweekforanotherPEOPLEINAMERICAprogramontheVoiceofAmerica.
