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1、美国名人罗纳德里根RonaldReaganplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-14:46repeatByCatyWeaver2004-6-12JackReaganworkedatageneralstore.Thefamilywaspoor.Yet,inabookabouthislife,RonaldReaganwrotethatheneverfeltpoor.Hewasgoodatsportszespeciallyfootball.Duringthesummers,hewasalifeguardatalocalswimmingpool.Hereportedlyrescuedm
2、anypeoplefromdrowning.RonaldReagansaidtherewasafeelingofsecuritythroughouthischildhood.Butitwasnotperfect.Hisfatherwasdependentonalcohol.VOICETWO:RonaldReaganstudiedatEurekaCollegeinIllinois.Afterseeingaplayatcollege,hesaid,Morethananythingintheworld,Iwantedtospeaktheactorswords.ButRonaldReagandidno
3、thaveenoughmoneytogotoNewYorkorHollywoodtobecomeanactor.SozaftercollegehefoundajobasasportsbroadcasterforaradiostationinIowa.LaterhemovedtoabiggerradiostationinChicago,Illinois.Heannouncedtheactionofbaseballgames.ThisworktookhimonatriptoCalifornia.Hetookascreentesttobecomeanactor.WarnerBrothersStudi
4、osofferedhimajob.RonaldReaganmovedtoHollywoodandbecameamoviestar.Heappearedinmanymovies.KnuteRockne-AllAmerican,isprobablyhismostfamous.ItiswherehegotthenicknameTheGipper.MisterReaganplayedGeorgeGippyoneofthegreatestcollegefootballplayersever.Inthemovie,hespeaksoftheschoolsfootballteamasheisdying.(S
5、OUND).askthemtogointherewithalltheygot,winjustonefortheGipper.Thosewords,winonefortheGipperzlaterbecameapoliticalbattlecryforRonaldReagan.Innineteen-fortyzhemarriedactressJaneWyman.Theyhadtwochildren,MaureenandMichael.Butthemarriageendedinnineteen-forty-nine.RonaldReaganbecamepresidentofthemainlabor
6、groupformovieactorsinnineteen-forty-eight.Heservedsixterms.HemetactressNancyDavisthroughtheunion.Theymarriedinnineteen-fifty-two.Theylaterhadtwochildren,PattiandRon.AtthistimezRonaldReaganwasamemberoftheDemocraticpartywhodescribedhimselfasaliberal.But,hebecameincreasinglyconservativeashisworriesabou
7、tcommunismgrew.Heopposedanyoneinthemovieindustrywhosupportedcommunism.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:Intheearlynineteen-fiftieszRonaldReaganbegantoappearontelevision.HepresenteddramaticshowsproducedbytheGeneralElectriccompany.Hebecameaspokesmanforthecompany.MisterReaganlearnedalotaboutpublicspeaking.Hebegantocampa
8、ignforRepublicanpartypoliticalcandidatesafewyearslater.Reagandevelopedtheabilitytoreachpeoplethroughhisspeeches.HelaterbecameknownasTheGreatCommunicator.NancyReagansupportedherhusbandspoliticalinterests.Politicalexpertssayshewasalwayshismostimportantadvisor.Innineteen-sity-sizRonaldReaganannouncedhi
9、sowncandidacyforgovernorofCalifornia.Democratsinthestatedidnotthinkhewasaseriouscandidate.However,MisterReaganwaselectedgovernorbyalmostone-millionvotes.RonaldReaganreceivedmixedpublicopinionasgovernorofthenationsmostpopulatedstate.HewaspraisedforloweringCaliforniasdebtzyetcriticizedforraisingtaxes.
10、Votersre-electedhimasgovernorinnineteen-seventy.VOICEONE:RonaldReaganwasunsuccessfulinhisfirsttwoattemptstowintheRepublicannominationforpresident.Then,innineteen-eightyzhebecametheRepublicanPartyspresidentialcandidate.HisopponentwasPresidentJimmyCarter.Thetwomendebatedonnationaltelevision.RonaldReag
11、anspokedirectlyandsimplytotheAmericanpeopleandaskedthemsomequestions:(SOUND)Areyoubetteroffthanyouwerefouryearsago?Isiteasierforyoutogoandbuythingsinthestoresthanitwasfouryearsago?Istheremoreorlessunemploymentinthecountrythantherewasfouryearsago?VOICETWO:RonaldReaganwontheUnitedStatespresidentialele
12、ctionbyahugemajority.Heandhisvice-president,GeorgeHerbertWalkerBush,wereswornintoofficeinJanuary,nineteen-eighty-one.ManypeoplecalledthechangeinpoliticalpowerTheReaganRevolution.PresidentReaganimmediatelybegantoworktohonoramajorcampaignpromise.HecalledonCongresstolowertaxes.ButonlytwomonthsIaterztra
13、gedystruck.AmentallysickmanshotthepresidentandthreeotherpeopleoutsideahotelinWashington.PresidentReaganandhispresssecretary,JamesBrady,wereseverelywounded.MisterReaganhadabulletinhisleftlung,closetohisheart.Butzheshowedhissenseofhumoratthehospital.Asthepresidentwastakenintotheoperatingroomhesaidheho
14、pedallthedoctorswereRepublicans.RonaldReaganrecoveredfromtheshootingandreturnedtoworkwithintwoweeks.VOICEONE:ThePresidentnowbeganworkonhismaingoaltoreducethesizeofthefederalgovernment.HehadcampaignedontheideathatthegovernmentwastoocostlyandinterferedtoomuchinthelivesofAmericans.MisterReaganandCongre
15、ssreducedtaxesandcutspendingforsocialprograms.Theadministrationarguedthattheseactionswouldcreateeconomicgrowth.Extremelyhighinflationratesdidbegintofall.But,theUnitedStatesdebtrosesharply.Thiswaspartlyfrombigincreasesinmilitaryspending.TheReaganeconomicpolicybecameknownasReaganomics.Ithad,andstillha
16、s,supportersandopponents.Somepeoplearguedthatthecutsinsocialprogramsgreatlyhurtpoorpeople.Otherssaidthepolicyimprovedtheeconomy.PresidentReagansoughtre-electioninnineteen-eighty-four.HisDemocraticopponentwasformerVice-PresidentWalterMondale.AgainMisterReaganwontheelectionbyalargeamount.(MUSIC)Presid
17、entReagandealtwithmanyseriousforeignissueswhileinoffice.HesentAmericanMarinestoLebanontostopthefightingamongseveralopposinggroups.Butmorethantwo-hundredMarineswerekilledinanextremistbombattack.Theso-calledReaganDoctrinewastheadministrationsmostfamousforeignpolicy.Thatpolicywastosupportanti-communist
18、forcesanywhereintheworld.Underthepolicy,AmericanforcesinvadedtheCaribbeanislandnationofGrenada.ThepolicyalsoledtosecretUnitedStatessupportforrebelsinNicaragua.PresidentReaganmetwithSovietLeaderMikhailGorbachevseveraltimesinanefforttoreducenuclearweapons.HegaveafamousspeechattheBerlinWallthatdividedS
19、oviet-controlledEastGermanyfromWestGermanyonJunetwelfth,nineteen-eighty-seven.(SOUND)GeneralSecretaryGorbachevzifyouseekpeace,ifyouseekprosperityfortheSovietUnionandEasternEurope,ifyouseekliberalization:Comeheretothisgate!MisterGorbachevzopenthisgate!MisterGorbachevzteardownthiswall!VOICEONE:Somehis
20、torianssayRonaldReaganhelpedcausethefalloftheSovietUnion.TheysayhismilitaryspendingforcedtheSovietstospendmore,too.TheysaythisledtotheCommunistnationseconomicfailure.PresidentReaganenjoyedveryhighpublicapprovalratingsthroughouthispresidency.ManyAmericansconsideredhimafriendlyleader,amanofthepeople,f
21、illedwithhopeforAmerica.VOICETWO:RonaldandNancyReaganreturnedtoCaliforniaafterhissecondtermendedinnineteen-eighty-nine.Innineteen-ninety-four,MisterReaganwroteanopenlettertotheAmericanpeople.HeinformedthemthathehadthebraindiseaseAlzheimers.TheformerpresidentexpressedhisloveforthecountryandthankedAme
22、ricansforlettinghimserve.Andzhewrote,IknowthatforAmericatherewillalwaysbeabrightdawnahead.RonaldReagandiedathishomeinCaliforniaonJunefifth.Hewasninety-three.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:ThisprogramwaswrittenbyCatyWeaver.MarioRitterwastheproducer.mGwenOuten.AndmSteveEmber.ListenagainnextweekforanotherPeopleinAmericainVOASpecialEnglish.
