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1、美国名人艺术家安迪沃霍尔AndyWarhol:TheFatherofPopArtplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:26repeatByDanaDemange2006-4-15(THEME)VOICEONE:mSteveEmber.VOICETWO:AndmBarbaraKleinwithPeopleinAmericainVOASpecialEnglish.TodaywetellaboutAndyWarhol,oneofthemostinfluentialpeopleinAmericanmodernart.Warholwasbestknownforhisbrightco
2、loredimagesoffamouspeopleandfoodcans.Throughbothhisartandlifestyleheexploredthenatureoffame,popularculture,andthemedia.Hisartisticinfluenceandunusualpersonalityredefinedthemodernartworld.(THEME)VOICEONE:AndyWarholwasnotalwaysfamousaroundtheworld.Hewasborninnineteentwenty-eightinPittsburgh,Pennsylvan
3、ia.HisparentswereimmigrantsfromCzechoslovakia.TheirlastnamewasWarholazwhichAndylatershortenedtoWarhol.AsachildAndyspentagreatdealoftimesickinbed.Whilehewasrecovering,hewoulddrawpictures.Whenhisfatherdied,heleftenoughmoneyforAndytoattendartschool.AndyWarholattendedtheCarnegieInstituteofTechnologywher
4、ehestudiedpictorialdesign.Pictorialdesignistheartofcreatingimagesanddrawings.OftenthesedrawingsareusedintheproductionOfadvertisementsandmagazines.VOICETWO:Innineteenforty-nineWarholmovedtoNewYorkCitytoworkasacommercialartist.Hedrewpicturesformagazinesandadvertisements.Hebecameverysuccessful.Duringth
5、enineteenfiftiesWarholdrewimagesformanyimportantmagazinessuchasVogueandHarpersBazaar.Healsobecameverywellknownforaseriesofadshemadeforshoes.Warholusedhisexperienceincommercialartasanentryintofineart.HebeganhispaintingcareeraspartofthePopArtmovement.Thismovementwasatitsstrongestduringthenineteensixti
6、es.VOICEONE:PopArtwasdefinedbyimagesofmaterialgoodsandpopularculture.Popartistsrejectedtheseriousnatureoftheartworld.Todothis,theseartistspaintedorprintedeverydayimagesofthingsthatusuallyarenotconsideredart.Theseimagesincludedphotographsfrommagazines,drinkadvertisementsanddrawingsfrompopularcomicstr
7、ips.VOICETWO:SomecriticssaythatPopArtwasareactiontoAbstractExpressionism.ArtistsoftheAbstractExpressionistmovementtookthemselvesveryseriously.Theydidnotapproveofpopularculture.Theythoughtartistsshouldnotbeconcernedwithsuchunimportantpartsofculture.Popartists,however,celebratedpopularcultureinallofit
8、sforms.Theyapprovedofusingmassmediaandmassproductionasaninfluenceintheirart.PopArtalsoreflectedtheriseinwealthandtheimportanceofowningthingsthatAmericaexperiencedinthenineteenfifties.OneartcriticdefinedPopartaspopular;low-cost,young,mass-producedandsexy.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:OneofWarholsfirstexhibitswasin
9、nineteensixty-two.Hecreatedthirty-twopaintingsofredandwhitesoupcans.Thesepaintingsshooktheartworld.ThesoupcanslookedlikethesoupproducedbyoneofAmericasmostpopularfoodcompanies,Campbells.Everypaintinglookedthesameexceptforthewordswrittenonthecanthatdescribedthedifferentkindsofsoup.Warholusedaverysmoot
10、hpaintingmethodsotheartworkalmostdidnotlookhand-made.Thepaintingslookedliketheycameoutofthesamefactorythatmadethesoupcans.Noonehadeverseenartlikethis.WarholalsomadepaintingsusingimagessuchasCocaColabottles,dollarsymbols,andpopularcleaningproducts.Hetookthemosteverydayobjectsandturnedthemintofineart.
11、VOICETWO:Warholsoonstartedmakingsilk-screenprints.Thismethodofreproductionpermittedtheartisttomakemanyimagesveryquickly.Hewouldoftenrepeatthesamepicturemanytimesinoneartwork.Helikedtheideaofmassproducedart.Heoncesaidthathethoughteveryoneshouldthinkalikeandbelikeamachine.Infact,theplacewherehecreated
12、hisartwascalledTheFactory.Hehadmanyassistantswhohelpedhimproducehisart.VOICEONE:Warholexploredmanyothersubjects.Forexample,hemadeaseriesofpaintingsondeathanddisaster.Theseworksshowedimagesofcaraccidentsandexecutions.HealsomadepicturesoffamouspeoplesuchastheactressMarilynMonroeandthesingerElvisPresle
13、y.Warholwasveryinterestedinfame.Hecelebratedfamouspeopleandtheycelebratedhim.VOICETWO:AndyWarholoncesaidsomethingaboutfamethatbecameverypopularandisstillrepeatedtoday.Hesaidthatinthefuture,everybodywillbefamousforfifteenminutes.Warholcertainlyenjoyedbeingwellknown.Hecreatedaveryunusualpublicpersonal
14、ity.Hewouldwearstrangewigsonhisheadmadeofwhitehair.Hewouldgoouteverynighttopartiesandothersocialgatheringswheretherewerebeautifulandimportantpeople.Hewouldtalktoreportersinaveryshymanner.Oftenhewouldprovideunclearanswerstotheirquestions.HereisarecordingofAndyWarholbeingaskedabouthisart.Itisfromanine
15、teenninety-onedocumentaryfilmaboutWarholslife.(WARHOL)VOICEONE:AndyWarholwasmuchmorethanjustapainter.Hewasalsoafilmmaker,publisher,andmanagerofarockband.Forexample,heproducedseverallowbudgetartfilmsintheearlynineteensixties.OnewascalledEmpire.ItshowedafilmedimageoftheEmpireStateBuildinginNewYorkCity
16、.Thefilmwaseighthourslong.InthemovieSleepWarholrecordedafriendsleeping.Thefilmlastssixhours.Whenaskedabouttheuneventfulnatureofthesefilms,Warholansweredthathelikedboringoruninterestingthings.VOICETWO:InthemiddlenineteensixtiesWarholalsomanagedarockbandcalledTheVelvetUnderground.Hehelpedproduceoneoft
17、heirrecordsanddesignedthecoverofthealbum.AnotherofWarholsprojectswasthecreationofInterviewmagazine.ThismagazinecoveredmanykindsofAmericanpopularculture.AndyWarholwasabletointerviewthekindsofpeoplehelikedbest,famouspeople.Acolorfuldrawingofafamouspersonwasonthecoverofeveryissueofthemagazine.Theimagew
18、asdrawninthestyleofWarholspaintings.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Innineteensixty-eightAndyWarholwasshotbyawomanwhohadbeeninoneofhisfilms.ValerieSolanaswasangrywithWarholfornotmakingamoviebasedonaplayshewrote.ThebulletfromthegunhitseveralofWarholsorgansandalmostkilledhim.Themediasreactiontothiseventmadehimevenmor
19、efamous.VOICETWO:Eventhoughheworkedonmanyotherprojects,AndyWarholalwayskeptproducingartwork.Inthenineteenseventieshemademillionsofdollarspaintingpeoplesportraits.Wealthypeopleallovertheworldpaidagreatdealofmoneytohavehimpainttheirpicture.InthenineteeneightiesWarholworkedwithseveralyoungerartists.The
20、yincludedJeanMichelBasquiatandKeithHaring.Warholalsowroteseveralbooksandcreatedtwocabletelevisionprograms.VOICEONE:Warholsartwouldhavesurelycontinuedinmanynewdirections.Buthediedasaresultofproblemsafteraminoroperationinnineteeneighty-seven.Hewasfifty-eightyearsold.Athisdeath,Warholstotalestimatedwor
21、thwasmorethanonehundredmilliondollars.MostofthismoneyhelpedcreatetheAndyWarholFoundationwhichhelpssupportthevisualarts.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:Innineteenninety-fourtheAndyWarholMuseumopenedinPittsburgh,Pennsylvania.Thismuseumisinalargeindustrialbuilding.Asyouwalkupthesevenfloorsofthemuseumzyoucanseemorethan
22、fivehundredworksofartbyWarhol.Themuseumhaspiecesfromeveryperiodofhiscareer.VOICEONE:OnthefifthfloorthereisaspecialexhibitcalledSilverClouds.ThisroomisbasedonanartgalleryshowthatWarholdesignedinnineteensixty-six.Theroomisfilledwithmanysilvercoloredballoonsthataresquareshaped.Theballoonscontainheliuma
23、ndoxygensothattheyfloataroundwiththeaircurrents.Warholsideawastocreateajoyfulandmagicalroominwhichtheartworkmovedaroundthevisitors.VOICETWO:AndyWarholhelpedchangethewaytheworlddefinedmodernart.HiscolorfulPopArtimagesandunusualpersonalitymadehimoneofthemostfamousandimportantpeopleinAmericanartandculture.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:ThisprogramwaswrittenandproducedbyDanaDemange.mSteveEmber.VOICETWO:AndmBarbaraKlein.JoinusagainnextweekforPEOPLEINAMERICAinVOASpecialEnglish.
