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1、美国名人艾伦谢泼德,艾伦谢泼德AlanShepardplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-14:46repeatByAviArditti2004-4-17(THEME)VOICEONE:mShirleyGriffith.VOICETWO:AndmSteveEmberwiththeV-O-ASpecialEnglishprogram,PeopleinAmerica.EachweekwetellaboutsomeoneimportantinthehistoryoftheUnitedStates.ThisweekwetellaboutastronautAlanShepardzwhow
2、asthefirstAmericantoflyinspace.TAPE:FREEDOM7LAUNCH(:09)MISSIONCONTROL:Three,two,one,zero.liftoff!SHEPARD:Roger,liftoffandtheclockhasstarted.VOICEONE:Theclockhasstarted.Withthosewords,AlanShepardbecamethefirstAmericantotravelintospace.HewasinasmallspacecraftcalledFreedomSeven.Itwasontopofahugerockett
3、ravelingatmorethaneight-thousandkilometersanhour.Fifteenminuteslater,FreedomSevencamedownintheAtlanticOcean.AlanShepardwasanationalhero.HehadwonanimportantvictoryfortheUnitedStates.ThedatewasMayFifth,Nineteen-Sixty-One.TheUnitedStatesandtheSovietUnionwereinatensecompetitionforworldinfluence.Andthisc
4、ompetitionwasreachingevenintothecolddarknessofspace.InNineteen-Fifty-SevenztheSovietUnionlaunchedthefirstelectronicsatellite,SputnikOne.TheUnitedStatessuccessfullylauncheditsfirstspacecraftlessthanfourmonthslater.Nowthetwosideswereracingtoseewhocouldlaunchthefirsthumanspacetraveler.OnAprilTwelfth,Ni
5、neteen-Sixty-OnezSovietcosmonautYuriGagarinflewinspaceforone-hundred-eightminutes.HecircledtheEarthonce.TheSovietsagainwerewinningthespacerace,butnotforlong.ThreeweekslatertheUnitedStatesalsoputamanintospace.Hewasathirty-seven-year-oldofficerintheNavyAlanShepard.VOICEONE:AlanBartlettShepardzJunior,w
6、asbornonNovemberEighteenth,Nineteen-Twenty-ThreezinEastDerryzNewHampshire.HegraduatedfromtheUnitedStatesNavalAcademyinNineteen-Forty-Four.Hemarriedsoonafterhisgraduation.ThenheservedforashorttimeonadestroyerinthePacificduringWorldWarTwo.InNineteen-Forty-SevenzAlanShepardbecameapilotintheNavy.Laterhe
7、becameatestpilot.Thelifeofatestpilotcanbeverydangerous.IthelpedprepareAlanShepardforanevengreaterdangerinthefuture.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:ThesuccessesthattheSovietUnionhadwithitsSputnikprogramcausedtheUnitedStatestospeedupitsplansforaspaceprogram.TheAmericansdecidedtolaunchasatelliteassoonaspossible.Thefir
8、stattemptfailed.Therocketexplodedduringlaunch.Supportwasgrowing,inCongressandamongscientists,foraUnitedStatescivilianspaceagency.SoonzCongresspassedabillcreatingNASA-theNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration.PresidentEisenhowersignedthebillintolaw.NASAsjobwastobescientificspaceexploration.Itsmajo
9、rgoalwassendingthefirstAmericansintospace.Withinthreemonths,theprogramhadaname:ProjectMercury.MercurywasthespeedymessengeroftheGreekgods.Whileengineersbuiltthespacecraft,NASAlookedformentoflythem.NASAwantedmilitarytestpilotsbecausetheytestflynewplanes.Testpilotsaretrainedtothinkquicklyindangeroussit
10、uations.OnAprilSeventh,Nineteen-Fifty-NinezthespaceagencyannouncedthesevenMercuryastronauts.TheywouldbethefirstAmericanspacetravelers.AlanShepardwasone.TheotherswereScottCarpenter,GordonCooper,JohnGlennzVirgilGrissom,WalterSchirraandDonaldSlayton.Ninemonthsaftertheprojectstarted,NASAmadeitsfirsttest
11、flightoftheMercuryspacecraftfromCapeCanaveral,Florida.Inthenexttwoyears,manyothertestsfollowed,allwithoutastronauts.ThefinaltestflightwasattheendofJanuary,Nineteen-Sixty-One.ItcarriedachimpanzeenamedHamonaseven-hundred-kilometerflightovertheAtlanticOcean.Severalproblemsdeveloped.ButHamsurvivedthelau
12、nchandthelandingintheocean.LaterzAlanShepardoftenwasaskedhowhebecamethefirsthumanAmericantoflyinspace.Theyranoutofmonkeys,hejoked.VOICETWO:ThereweresomeconcernsaboutthesafetyofthehugeRedstonerocketthatwastocarrythespacecraft.Thelaunchhadbeendelayedseveraltimeswhilemoretestsweredone.Bythetimetherocke
13、twasreadyforlaunch,YuriGagarinhadalreadygoneintospacefortheSovietUnion.ThechoiceofAlanShepardtobethefirstAmericantoflyinspacewasannouncedjustafewdaysbeforethelaunch.FlightsplannedforMaySecondandMayFourthhadtobehaltedbecauseofbadweather.OnMayFifth,Nineteen-Sixty-OnezaFriday,AlanShepardstruggledonceag
14、ainintohisMercurycapsule.ThevehiclewasnamedFreedomSeven.Therewasalmostnoroomtomove.Shepardwaitedinsideforfourhours.Weatherwaspartlythecauseofthedelay.Therewerecloudsthatwouldpreventfilmingthelaunch.Alsosomelast-minuterepairshadtobemadetohisradio.Shepardwastiredofwaiting.Sohetoldthegroundcrewtohurryt
15、osolvetheproblemsandfiretherocket.Finally,theydid.VOICEONE:Therocketslowlybeganclimbing.MillionsofradiolistenersheardavoicefromtheCapeCanaveralcontrolroomsay,ThisisitzAlanShepard,theresnoturningback.GoodluckfromallofushereattheCape.Therocketrosehigherandhigher.Forfiveminutes,AlanShepardfelttheweight
16、lessnessofspace.Hefelthimselffloating.FreedomSevenflewone-hundred-eighty-fivekilometershigh.Thenitre-enteredtheatmosphereandthespacecraftslowed.Thefifteen-minuteflightendedwithasoftsplashintotheoceanaboutfive-hundredkilometersfromCapeCanaveral.AlanShepardreported,EverythingisA-Okay.Ahelicopterpulled
17、himfromthespacecraftandcarriedhimtoawaitingship.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:Theflightwasacompletesuccess.Threeweekslater,PresidentJohnF.KennedydeclaredanewgoalfortheUnitedStates.HecalledforlandingamanontheMoonandreturninghimsafelytotheEarthbytheendoftheNineteen-Sixties.InJulyofNineteen-Sixty-Ninethatgoalcametru
18、e.AlanShepardwasnotonthatfirstApollomoonflight.Infact,healmostnevermadeittothemoon.Hedevelopedadisorderinhisinner-ear.Itkepthimfromspaceflightforanumberofyears.Finally,anoperationcuredhisproblem.NASAnamedShepardtocommandApolloFourteen.TheflightwaslaunchedattheendofJanuary,Nineteen-Seventy-One.Stuart
19、RoosaandEdgarMitchellweretheothermembersofthecrew.RoosaorbitedthemoonwhileShepardandMitchelllandedonthesurface.Theycollectedrocksandsoil.Shepardalsodidsomethingelse.Heplayedgolf.Hehittwosmallgolfballs.Itwasnoteasy.Shepardwasdressedinabigspacesuit.HedescribedhisdifficultytoMissionControlinHouston.Whe
20、nSheparddidhitthegolfballsztheytraveledformilesandmiles/ashereported,becausethegravityonthemoonisone-sixthofthegravityonEarth.VOICEONE:TheonlyhumanstowalkonthemoonwereintheApollospaceflightprogram.TwelveAmericanastronautswalkedonthemoonbetweenNineteen-Sixty-NineandNineteen-Seventy-Two.AlanShepardwas
21、thefifthone.InNineteen-Seventy-Four,heretiredfromNASAandtheNavy.ShepardbecamechairmanofabuildingcompanyinHouston,Texas.Laterhebeganhisowncompany,calledSevenFourteenEnterprises.ItwasnamedforhisflightsonFreedomSevenandApolloFourteen.HealsowroteabookwithastronautDekeSlaytonabouthisexperiences.Thebookis
22、calledMoonShot.Andheledagroupraisingcollegemoneyforscienceandengineeringstudents.VOICETWO:AlanSheparddiedonJulyTwenty-first,Nineteen-Ninety-Eightafteratwo-yearfightwiththeblooddiseaseleukemia.Hewasseventy-fouryearsold.Hehadbeenmarriedtohiswife,Louise,forfifty-threeyears.AlanShepardwasthefirstAmerica
23、ntoflyinspace.Herodeintotheskyonrocketfuelandthehopesanddreamsofanation.HewillalwaysberememberedasanAmericanherobecauseofthosefifteenminutesinspace.(THEME)VOICEONE:ThisSpecialEnglishprogramwaswrittenbyAviArdittiandproducedbyLawanDavis.ThisisShirleyGriffith.VOICETWO:AndthisisSteveEmber.JoinusagainnextweekforanotherPEOPLEINAMERICAprogramontheVoiceofAmerica.
