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1、美国总统31富兰克林德拉诺罗斯福1FranklinD.Roosevelt:Powerfulplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-07:19repeatByKellyJeanKellyOlOctober,2017VOALearningEnglishpresentsAmericasPresidents.TodaywearetalkingaboutFranklinDelanoRoosevelt.Hewasrelatedtoanearlierpresidentwithsamelastname,TheodoreRoosevelt.ManyAmericanscallFranklinRoos
2、eveltbythefirstletterofeachwordinhisfullname:FDR.FranklinD.Rooseveltin1933WhenFDRtookoffice,theUnitedStateswasinasevereeconomicdepression.Thepreviouspresident,HerbertHoover,hadtriedtoimprovetheeconomy,buthiseffortshadfailed.FDRdefeatedHooverintheelectionof1932.Hewon,inpart,bypromisingwhathecalledane
3、wdealforAmericans.VotersdidnotknowwhatFDRsnewdealmeantexactly,butmanylikedhismessageofhope.VotersalsodidnotknowhowmuchFDRwouldchangethecountry.Heremainedinofficefor12years-thelongestofanyU.S.president-andledthecountrythroughtheGreatDepressionandmostofWorldWarILAlongtheway,hechangedthewaygovernmentaf
4、fectedAmericanslives,andthejoboftheU.S.president.EarlylifeFranklinRooseveltwasbornonalargeestateinNewYork,about140kilometersoutsideNewYorkCity.Hewastheonlychildofwealthyparents.Hismotherandfathermadesurehehadanexcellenteducation.Asayoungmanheattendedaprivatehighschool,andthenHarvardCollegeinMassachu
5、setts.HealsostudiedlawatColumbiaUniversityinNewYork.YoungFDRwasnotanexcellentstudent,however.Hewasinterestedinmanythingsoutsidetheclassroom,includingpoliticsandgirls.TwoofFDRsinterestscametogetherinayoungwomannamedAnnaEleanorRooseveltzwhowentbythenameEleanor.ShewasthenieceofapoliticianFDRgreatlyresp
6、ected:PresidentTheodoreRoosevelt.OnthedaywhenFranklinandEleanorRooseveltweremarried,TheodoreRooseveltattendedtheceremony.Infact,hewalkedwithhisnieceinfrontofthegueststoherfuturehusband.About10yearsaftertheymarried,EleanorRoosevelt(picturedherein1933)learnedherhusbandwashavinganaffair.Yetthecouplerem
7、ainedmarriedfor40FranklinandEleanorRooseveltwentontohavesixchildren,althoughonediedasababy.WhileEleanorRooseveltraisedthechildren,FranklinRooseveltdirectedhisattentiontopolitics.HeleftajobinalawofficetoserveintheNewYorkstatesenate.Intimezhewasofferedajobinthefederalgovernmentasanassistantsecretaryof
8、theNavy.FDRenjoyedthejob,buthecontinuedseekingotherpoliticalpositions.HetriedunsuccessfullyforaseatintheU.S.Senate,butdidgetnominatedbytheDemocraticPartytobeitsvicepresidentialcandidatein1920.Althoughheandhispartnerlosttherace,FDRseemedlikehewasinagoodpositionformajorpoliticalsuccess.Butthensomethin
9、gunexpectedhappened.IllnessandreturntopoliticsWhenhewas39yearsold,FDRsufferedmajorhealthproblems.Onedayhestartedtofeelapaininhisback.Thefollowingdayhislegsgrewtired.Thenhisskinbecamesensitive.Bytheendoftheweek,bothhislegswereparalyzed.Hecouldnotmovefromthewaistdown.Heremainedparalyzedfortherestofhis
10、life.ThenextyearsweredifficultfortheRoosevelts.EleanorandthechildrenhelpedcareforFDR.Andheworkedhardtorecoversomeofhisstrengthandphysicalabilities,especiallybyexercising.Whileheremainedhopefulabouthiscondition,FDRworriedabouthispoliticalcareer.Hedidnotthinkthepublicwouldacceptaleaderwhocouldnotevenw
11、alkbyhimself.Sohetookseveralmeasures.Hecreatedasmallwheelchairthatwouldnotgettoomuchattention.Itwasmadefromadiningroomchair,withwheelsinsteadoflegs.Herefusedtoletphotographerstakepicturesofhimbeingcarriedorstrugglingtomove,andhefoundawaytoappearasifhewerewalking.Heusedacaneorthearmofapartnertobalanc
12、e,andthenheswunghishipstomakehislegsmoveforward.Usingthismethod,FDRwalkedtothestageatthe1924DemocraticNationalConvention.HeusedtheeventtonominatethegovernorofNewYorkforpresident.Thatmansbiddidnotsucceed.ButFDRshowedhimselftostillbeanablepolitician.Fouryearslater,FDRhimselfwaselectedgovernorofNewYork
13、.Heheldthepositionintheearlyyearsofthecountryseconomiccrisis.In1932zFDRwasacandidateforpresident.HetooktheunusualstepofappearinginpersonattheDemocraticconventiontoaccepthispartysnomination.FDRandHerbertHooveratthe1933inaugurationHiscampaignwassuchasuccessthattheDemocratstooknotonlytheWhiteHouse,butm
14、ajoritiesinboththeU.S.SenateandHouseofRepresentatives.ThestrengthoftheDemocraticPartyinCongresswouldhelpFDRbecomeoneofthemostpowerfulpresidentsthecountryhadeverseen.NextweekwewillcontinueourstoryofFDRandhispresidency.mKellyJeanKelly.KellyJeanKellywrotethisstoryforLearningEnglish.GeorgeGrowwastheeditor.WordsinThisStoryestate-n.alargepieceoflandwithalargehouseonitniece-n.adaughterofyourbrotherorsisterparalyzed-adj.unabletomoveorfeelallorpartofthebodyswing-v.tomovebackwardandforwardorfromsidetosidewhilehangingfromsomethingstage-n.araisedplatforminatheaterorauditoriumwheretheperformersstand
