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1、毕业设计（论文）题目：浅析西方“吸血鬼”文化与东方“鬼，文化之比照2012年6月GRADUATIONTHESIS(Grade2008)COMPARATIVEANALYSISOFTHECULTUREBETWEENWESTERNVAMPIREANDEASTERNGHOST浅析西方“吸血鬼”文化与东方“鬼”文化之比照摘要随着全球化的不断开展，跨文化交际也越来越重要，并且深入到我们生活的各个方面，“鬼”文化作为世界性的文化现象，中国和西方都有着悠久生动的鬼文化。人们对于“鬼”文化的精神追求也不断深入与开展，这是一种精神文化的象征。同时，了解东西方“鬼”文化的异同也能够促进跨文化交际中精神文化的交流。中
2、国的“鬼”是人死后的灵魂：而西方鬼文化的代表是“吸血鬼“鬼”的观念的产生不仅是因为古人对大自然的崇拜和畏惧，还是古人对黑暗的畏惧，对理想精神生活的渴望。“吸血鬼”文化是西方文化中的重要组成局部，“吸血鬼”又称血族，是西方世界中一种有名的可怕生物。由于他们具有永生的特点，因此他们的行踪十分隐蔽。本课题将主要通过比照的手法来比拟两者的异同，最后在总结全文的根底上，再次强调鬼与吸血鬼文化的重要性，并探讨东西文化根源与现实功能，以及中西承我的深厚文化内涵。关键词：吸血鬼；鬼；文化；比照!comparativeanalysisofthecultureBETWEENWESTERNVAMPIREANDEAS
3、TERNCH()ST/批注a”：从摘要开始.整篇文堂的单词拼写和语法结/构错误还是很多，除了已经指出的，清仔细通读论文，ABSTRACTI并认.改正!Withthedevelopmentoftheglobalization,theinterculturalcommunicationismoreandmoreimportant.Atthesametime,ithasIinflUenCeIOUrlifedeeply.ASIheNIObalCUlIUre92：infucntcdphenomenon,thecultureoftheghosthasthelonghistorybothinwesterna
4、ndeasterncountries.PeoplehavethestrongaspirationOnpsychologicalCulturefbrwesternvampireandeasternghost,andthiskindofaspiratioredeeperanddevelopmentCOntinUOUS.hisa批注网：语法锚误symbolOfISDirid。UlIUre.AlheSamelime,ilCanalsoPrOmOteheCommUniCalionOfSPiriIUal批注94：SPiriIUaIcultureincross-culturalcommunicationby
5、understandingthesimilaritiesanddifferencesofwesternvampireandChineseghostculture.TheghostinChinaisthesoulafterpeopleddeath,whilethevampireisrepresentedinwesternghostculture.TheproductionoftheGhost,ideaisnotonlytheworshipfornatureoftheancients,butalsothefearfordarknessandthelongingforidealthespiritua
6、llife.Vampirecultureisanimportantpartinwesternculture.Vampire,whichmeansbloodthirsty,isthewesternworldfamousmonster.Theyliveinsecret,becausetheywillneverdie.Thispaperwillfocusonthecomparisonofthetwoaspects.Whatsmore,itdiscussestheculturalrtandthefunctionsofrealityanditinheritstheprofoundculturalconn
7、otationbetweenChineseandwesternculture.Keywords：vampire;ghosts;culture;comparativeContentsIntroduction!1 Comparisonofvampireandghost31. IThebackgroundofvampire31.1.1 Theearlyorigin31.1.2 Therealitycause31.2 ThecausesofChineseghostculture41.2.1 Thefearfornaturalforce41.2.2 Thedesireforthepsychologica
8、llife-51.2.3 Thepoliticalreason51.3 Thesimilarityoftheoriginofvampireandghost61.3.1 Bothcameoutwithpeoplesimage61.3.2 Inordertomeetthedemandofhuman61.3.3 Duetothefearofdying62 Characteristicsofvampireandghosts82.1 Thecharacteristicsofthevampire82.1.1 Basicfeatures82.1.2 otherfeatures82.2 Thecharacte
9、risticsofChineseghost92.3 Thesimilarfeaturesofthetwoculture93 Theinfluenceofvampireandghostculture103.1 Theeffectsofvampireculture103.1.1Onlifeaspect1(B.1.2Onentertainment103.1.3Onspiritual113.2 TheeffectsofChineseghostculture123.2.1Onliteratureandart123.2.1 Onhistoricalresearch133.2.2 Onhumanlife13
10、Conclusion15Bibliography17Acknowledgements18IntroductionCultureisakindofhistoricalphenomenon.Itwasproducedwiththedevelopmentofhumansociety.AlthoughChinaandwesterncountrieslocatedinthedifferentareaoftheworld,(hesocialdevelopmentcourseisthesameroughly.Theyarebothdevelopmentfromtheprimitivesocietytomod
11、emsociety.Therefore,theyhavemanysimilaritiesinculture.Ghostculture,asthecommoncultureofChineseandwesternofvampireculture,alsohasitssimilarities.Astheworldwideculturalphenomenon,ghostculturehasalonghistorybothinChinaandwesterncountries.Chineseghostis(hesoulafterdeath.TheproductionoftheGhostideaisnoto
12、nlytheworshipfornatureoftheancients,butalsothefearfordarknessandthelongingforidealthespirituallife.Thereasonofthevampireculturepopularityisbenefitedfromtheliteratureandfilmpartly.In(hewest,therearelotsofliteratureandmoviesaboutvampire.Fromtheliteratureandfilms,thuswecanknowmuchaboutthevampire,andkno
13、wtheprocessofvampiresimagechangedfromthemonstertonoblebeautifulperfectbiological.Boththeghostandvampirefilmandtelevisionworkshaveappearedfrequentlyonthescreen,andhavegot(hebigsuccess.Owingtotheopening-upofChinaandtherapiddevelopmentofeconomicglobalization,itprovidesmanyopportunitiesforChineseandwest
14、ernpeoplebutitalsobringssomeproblems.AstheimportantpartoftheChineseandwesternculture,Chineseghostandwesternvampirecultureisthecommonproductofhumanspiritactivities.KnowingthedifferencesandsimilaritiesbetweentheChineseandwesternculture,wecanbettertosolvetheconflictofcross-culturalcommunicationandcontr
15、adiction.ThispaperWinfocusonthecomparisonofthetwoparts.Thefirstpartofthepaperwillanalysis(herootcauses,backgroundanddevelopmentofwesternvampireandChineseghostculture.Thesecondpartwillsummarizeandcomparethecharacteristicsofghostandvampirethroughtheimageanalysis.Thethirdpartwillanalysistheinfluencefor
16、peoplesociety.Finally,basedonthesummingupthewholepaper,thisthesisemphasizestheimportanceofghostandvampireculture.Whatsmore,itdiscussestheculturalrootandthefunctionsofrealityanditinheritstheprofoundculturalconnotationbetweenChineseandwesternculture.1Comparisonofvampireandghost1.1 Thebackgroundofvampi
17、reThelegendofVampireisoriginatedfromthefearandworshipforbloodofwesternpeople.Thedevelopmentofunderstandingtheworldandhumanthemselveswasfbnedgradually,andtheprocessisverylong.Theancientwesternpeoplefeeldifficulttounderstanddisease,deathandphysiologyphenomenon,especiallyforblood.Thereforetheyimaginema
18、nykindsofmonsters.Thevampireisthetypicalone.Thisshowsthatwesternhumanancestorsfearofnature.Ifthereisacompletehistoryof(hedocumentar),record,thatisthehistoryofIhevampire.RousseauAsasymbolofthelife,thebloodhasanimportantstatusintheChristianandthetideofEuropeancivilization.Fromthebeginning,bldactasthes
19、ymbolofevilandmystery.Therefore,itlaidasolidfoundationfortheappearanceofvampire.TheearlyoriginofthevampireAccordingtotheBible,theoriginofvampireisCain.AdamandEveweredriveoutoftheEdengardenbytheGod.Afterthattheylivedinwild.Theygavebirthtoalotofchildren.Cainistheirfirstchild,thethirdpeopleoftheworld.A
20、sCainkilledhisownbrotherandbepunishedbyGol.Cainmustmakethelivingwithpeoplesblood.Althoughhecanliveforeverwiththebld.heonlycanliveindarkplaceandbecursedafterhisgeneration.Afterthat,CainmarriedwithLilith(LilithfirstappearedinSumerianmyth,thefirstwifeofAdamintheoldagreementofJudaism,forshedissatisfiedw
21、ithGod(henlefttheGardenofEden).LilithtaughtCainhowtosuck(hebloodfrompeopletogainpower.Accordingtothis,someonethinkLilithistherealoneoftheoriginalvampire.Actually,alloftheseareinventedbylatergenerations,buttheselaidthefoundationfortheliteratureofvampire.Ilisalsothemostpopularstatementabouttheoriginof
22、thevampire.TherealitycauseActually,therearemanyotherversionsabout(heoriginofvampire.Butoneofthemostconvincingandalsothemostscientificbasisstatementisabouttheplagueduringthedarkperiodofthemiddlecentury.Duringthemiddleofthe14century,attheeastEuroperangeoftheeastofPrussia,SilesiaandBohemia,theseareassp
23、readwithdisease.Inordertoavoidinfected,peopledidnotdistinguishwhether(hepatientisreallydieornot,andburiedthosepeopleinahurry.Fewdayslater,peopleopenupthegraveforsomereason,theyfoundthatbodychangedtheposture,andevensomebodystillstainedwithblood.Infact,itwasbecausethatthepeoplewhoburiedatthattimehasno
24、treallydead,theywerejustinadeepcoma.Andaftertheywakedup,theywerestruggledin(hegrave.However,inthepoverty,blockandfoolishplace,thepeoplesaidthatwasthevampire.Then,theghoststoriesaboutthevampirewerespreadquickly.Whentheycannotrelyonthegovernmentandthemselves,peoplebegantoseektheliberationandareliefins
25、pirit.Thus,itcausedthelegendofvampireforhundredsyears.1.2 ThecausesofChineseghostcultureTheghostcultureinChinaisoneoftheimportantcontentwhichcannotbeneglectedinChinesetraditionalculture.Itreflectsmanyaspectsofthepeoplesvalues.Wecannotsimplyconsidertheghostcultureassuperstition.Afterall,theawarenesso
26、fghostculturehasrootedinthepeoplesmind.Weshouldknowtherootedcauseoftheproductionofghostculture.AnalysiSl the related materials and CUStOmS Can help US know better about Ihe ghost culture.批注1951：词性不正确Accordingtothis,Wecanknowmoreabouttheghostculture,thenuseitdosomecontributiontohuman-being.Infact,the
27、sourceofIheghostismultiple,complexandchangeable.First,theghostislinkedwiththesoul,andthesoulisrelatedwithdreamsclosely.Atthattime,thepeoplebelievedthatthoughpeopleweredead,butthesoulisintheworld.So,QuraHeieRtancestorsdrawtheconclusionthatpeopleismadeupbytwoparts,thebodyandthesoul.Thebodycandie,howev
28、er,thesoulneverdie.WhenthegPeopledied,thesouldeliveredfromthemansbody,andthenitbecomestheghost.Itisjustanexplanationforthecauseofghost.Theghostculturecomesoutfollowingtheideaofghost.ThefearfornaturalforceTheeconomicbasisdeterminesthesuperstructure.Anyproductionofthesocialphenomenonhasitsprofoundsoci
29、alresource.Andalloftheproductionscanbeobtainedfromthebasisofsocialexistence,includingtheghostcultureofChina.Becauseofpoorscienceandtechnologicallevelofthefeudalsocietypeople,peoplecannotexplainthedreamsandsuddendeath.ThereforetheyimaginetheexistenceofghostInordertoseekthelifematerial,ourancientsbatt
30、ledwithnatureforalonglime,andseparatedthemselveswiththesurroundingenvironmentgradually.Thentheyhadaclearsenseofthemselves,andknewthecertainnaturalphenomenonandprocess.Theyfoundthatsomenaturalphenomenoncanbringtheenjoymentunexpected.However,somenaturalphenomenoncanbringthemdisaster,evendeath.Whentheh
31、umanatthattimecouldnotgetridoftheterroristandfearofthenaturalforce,especiallyallkindsofnaturalhazardsthattheycouldntsolveaoundthem,theygraduallyformedtheconceptoftheghostandsoul.ItalsoreflectedthatinthesocietyoflowproductivitypeopleisweakandIeeblebeforethenaturaiephenomenon.Thedesireforthepsychologi
32、callifeIneancientsociety,theworkerlivedthelifeunderoppressionofthecruellingclass.Thecontradictionsbetweentherulingclassandthepublicareextremelysharp.However,peopledidnotdareioattacktheexploitingclassinpublic.Theystillwantedthatsomethingcanhelpthemtoeasythepain,theyhopesomeonecanpunishtheevilpeoplean
33、dgivetherewardtokindpeople.Therefore,peoplecreatedafalseghostsocietythatlargelythesamewithrealitysociety.Inthefalseworld,peoplecanreleasethesufferingandunfairoftherealityworldwantonly.Intheirmind,theycanusethesupernaturalabilitytorewardkindandpunishevilpeople.Inthisway,theycanpursuitthesocialjustice
34、andthehappylifeintheirmind.Tosomeextent,theghostculturemeetsthepeoplespsychologicaldemands.Atthesametime,thesekindsofpsychologicalneedsinturnpromotethedevelopmentofghostcultureinChina.ThepoliticalreasonInordertocontrol(peoplesthoughtbetter,politicalmastersofthefeudalsocietylargelyimportedtheBuddhist
35、thought.ThemastershypetheBuddhismthoughtthatasamansows,solethimreapamongthecommonpeople.Thethoughtwastheconceptofghostculture.Thusitplayedtheroleofmaintainingthefeudalgrassrootsforpoliticalpower.1.3 ThesimilarityofvampireandghostOriginalityzCameoutwithhumansimageTheimportantreasonofthesimilaritybetw
36、eenWesternvampireandOrientalghostculturecomefromtheancientpeoplesdistortionthoughtfordreamandsoul.Dreamisfantasy.WhenChineseandwesternpeopleisstillintheprimitivesocietyoflowproductivity,peoplesthinkingabilitycantunderstandthephysiologyphenomenonofdream.Inthedream,peopleseemtogoeverywhereeasilyandmee
37、tanyone.Thiscannothappeninrealityworld.Inaddition,theshapeofvampireandghostimaginedbypeopleissimilar(ohuman.purpose:InordertomeetthedemandofhumanTheghostcultureoftheeastcansatisfiedthefeelingofmissingthedeadrelativesforpeople.Inaddition,italsocanmeetthecuriosityofhuman.Therefore,thevampirecultureals
38、ohasthesamefunctionsforhuman-beings.Therefore,peoplecreatedafalseghostandvampiresocietythatislargelythesamewithrealsociety.Inthefalseworld,peoplecanreleasethesufferingandunfairoftherealityworldwantonly.Intheirmind,theycanusethesupernaturalabilitytorewardkindandpunishevilpeople.Inthisway,theycanpursu
39、itthesocialjusticeandthehappylifeintheirmind.Tosomeextend,theghostandvampireculturemeets(hepeoplespsychologicaldemands.Atthesametime,thiskindofpsychologicalneedsinturntopromotethedevelopmen(ofghostandvampirecultureinChina.cause:DuetothefearofdyingThelifeandhealtharetheessentialthingsforpeople,andyet
40、peoplearelinkedwithdiseaseanddeathclosely.ItisagreatthreatforbothChineseandwesternpeopleinancienttime.Therefore,itforcedpeopletofindawaytoexplainandprayforliberationinurgentneed.However,(heirthinkingabilityisextremelylowatthattime,andpeoplecouldnot11ndthescientificexplanation.Then,theygraduallyforme
41、dtheconceptoftheghostandsoul.AndthevampirealsoisanexplanationtortheplagueandtherabiesatthattimeinEurope.2 CharacteristicsofvampireandChineseghost2.1 ThecharacteristicsofthevampireBasicfeaturesNoshadow:peoplebelievethatvampirehavenoshadows.Theshadowandimagearethesymbolofthesoul,therefore,thevampireha
42、venoshadow.Thelongandsharpfangs:vampireusuallygainsthebloodbysuckingbloodoflivingpeople.Usually,theycanhidethefeature.Ithasbecomethemainfeatureofthevampire.Actually,thisstatementbelongstotheimaginationofliteraturewriters,astheearlyvampiredoesnotlike(hat.Theyneednothavetoaccesspeople,andtheystillcani
43、nhalethebloodbyusingtheporesoftheskin.Thevampirecanonlymoveinthedark.Noonecandenythatthisisacommonfeatureofthevampire.Peoplethinkthevampirefearofthesunshine.Vampiresdonotneedtoeat,buttheyneedtoabsorbblood.When(heyfeelhungry,theywillproducethestrongdesireforblood.Inthevampireclan,thestatusintheirfami
44、lyisdecidedbytheleveloftheability.Certainly,forthevampirewouldnotgrowold,theactualliveagehasnorelationshipwiththeagelike.OtherfeaturesAsthemodemartbeautiedtothevampireimage,thevampirealsohavethefollowingcharacteristics.Theyowethehandsomeandbeautifulfaces.Theyoftenhavetheirowncastle,andtheyarenobleor
45、iginally.Moreover,theyhavethewhiteskinandcoldbody.Havingtheextremelyhighspeed,theyhavetheincrediblespiritpowerandsoon.2.2 ThecharacteristicsofChineseghostThebasicmeaningofChineseghostcultureisthesoulafterpeopledied.Thehistorjfoftheghostislong.Thatistosay,eversincethecomingoutofthewords,therecordabou
46、tghostalsoappeared.FromthefbnofChinesewordoftheghostgui,theglyphoftheghostlkslikesomeoneheadwearingabigterroristmasks,anditisverysimilarwithpeople.Thisshowsthatourancestorshadconsideredthattheghostisamonsterwithpeopleclose.Theghostisthesoulafterdeath,andthatthesoulisimmortal.Consequently,manykindsof
47、sacrificecustomaboutghostcameout.Alongwiththebeautifyingthefunctionofthefatherandsoul,theworshipforancestorplayedanimportantpositioninpeoplesmind.Therefore,diversesacrificeformappeared.Duetothediversificationandwidespreadoftheancestorworshipactivities,theChineseghostculturehasthestrongfamilypatriarc
48、halcharacteristics.ThismakestheChineseghostculturedistinguishedwiththewesternvampirecultureobviously.2.3 ThesimilarfeaturesofthetwoculturesBoththecharacteristicsofwesternvampireandChineseghostarebasedonehuman-being.Theimageofthevampirelksthesamewithwhitepeople.AndtheimageoftheghostinChinaalsolooksliketheeasternpeople.Bothofthemhavethesuperpower.Thevampireandtheghos(canmovequickly.Nomatterthevampireortheghost,theybothhavethekindandevilgroups.SuchasthefilmoftheChinesefairtale,itisoneoftheghoststoryinTheSlrangeTalesofLiaoZhai.Itdescri
