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1、美国名人电影导演赛西尔德米尔塞缪尔戈尔德温路易斯B梅耶HoorayforHollywoodplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:03repeat51VOA.COMmSarah1.ong.AndImSteveEmberwithPEOP1.EINAMERICAinVOASpecialEnglish.TodaywetellaboutthreepeoplewhohelpedmakeHollywoodthecenterofthemovieindustry.(MUSIC)WhenyouhearthenameHollywood,youprobablythinkofexcitement,
2、lights,camerasandmoviestars.Famousactorsarenottheonlyimportantpeopleintheentertainmentbusiness.Directorsandproducersareimportantztoo.TodayzHoIIywoodisfullofproducersanddirectors.HoweverzveryfewareasfamousandsuccessfulasHollywoodsfirstmotionpicturebusinessmen,CecilB-DeMiIIezSamueIGoldwynand1.ouisMaye
3、r.(MUSIC)CecilBlountDeMillewasborninAshfieldzMassachusettsineighteeneighty-one.Bothhisparentswerewritersofplays.Hisfatherdiedwhenhewastwelveyearsold.Hismotherkeptthefamilytogetherbyestablishingatheatercompany.Ceciljoinedthecompanyasanactor.Hecontinuedworkinginhismotherstheatercompanyasanactorandaman
4、ageruntilnineteenthirteen.Thatyear,hejoinedJesse1.1.askyandSamuelGoldfishtoformtheJesse1.1.askyFeaturePlayCompany.GoldfishlaterchangedhisnametoSamuelGoldwyn.Thethreemenstartedmakingmotionpicturesimmediately.Theylovedworkinginthemoviebusiness.Theyweredeeplyinterestedinitscreativeandfinancialpossibili
5、ties.DeMiIIez1.askyandGoldfishbeganworkingonamovieversionofthepopularAmericanwesternplay,SquawMan.,DeMilleurgedthatthemoviebemadeintherealAmericanWest.HechoseFIagstaftArizona.DeMilleandthecompanytraveledtoFlagstaffbytrain.Whentheyarrived,DeMillethoughtthearealookedtoomodern.Theygotbackonthetrainandk
6、eepgoinguntiltheyreachedtheendoftheline.TheywereinaquietlittletowninsouthernCalifornia.ThetownwascalledHollywood.DeMilledecidedthiswastheperfectplacetofilmthemovie.SquawManwasoneofthefirstfull-lengthmoviesproducedinHollywood.Itwasreleasedinnineteenthirteenandwasanimmediatesuccess.DeMilleisconsidered
7、themanwhohelpedHollywoodbecomethecenterofthemotionpicturebusiness.Hequicklybecameacreativeforceinthenewmovieindustry.HissuccesscontinuedwithBrewstersMillions/TheCalloftheNorthandTheTrailofthe1.onesomePine.CecilB.DeMillewasamongtheveryfewfilmmakersinHollywoodwhosenameappearedabovethetitleofhismovie.H
8、isnamewasmoreimportanttomovie-goersthanthenamesofthestarsinthemovie.DeMillesmovieswereknowntobebigproductions.Hecombinedalotofaction,realisticstorytellingandhundredsofactorstomakesomeofHollywoodsbestmovies.HemademanykindsofmoviesincludingWesternszComediesjomancesandonesdealingwithmoralissues.DeMille
9、gainedagreatdealoffamewiththekindofmovieknownasanepic.Anepictellsastoryofeventsthatareimportantinhistory.DeMillesepicmovieswerebasedonthesettlingoftheAmericanWest,RomanhistoryorstoriesfromtheBible.HisfirstversionofthehistoricfilmTheTenCommandmentswasahugesuccessamongsilentfilmsinnineteentwenty-three
10、.Innineteenfifty-six,hereleasedanewversionofTheTenCommandmentstoincludesound.ItisbroadcaststillonAmericantelevisionduringtheChristianobservanceofEaster.CecilB.DeMilleproducedanddirectedseventymovies.Innineteenforty-ninehereceivedaspecialAcademyAwardforthirty-sevenyearsofbrilliantshowmanship.Hediedof
11、heartfailureinnineteenfifty-nine.OneofDeMilleslastfilmswasTheGreatestShowonEarth.ItwontheAcademyAwardforbestpictureinnineteenfifty-two.Itwasaboutpeoplewhoperformedinthecircus.SomepeoplesayitwasafittingsubjectbecauseCecilB-DeMiIIeoftenwascalledthegreatestshowmaninHollywood.(MUSIC)Ineighteenninety-fiv
12、e,athirteenyearoldboyfromWarsawzPoIandfoundhiswaytotheUnitedStates.SamuelGoldfishwasalone.Hehadnomoney.Hefoundworkasaglovemaker.Hecontinuedworkingintheglove-makingindustryuntilhewasalmostthirtyyearsold.Innineteenthirteen,Samuelandhiswifesbrotherjesse1.1.askyzandCecilB.DeMilleformedtheJesse1.1.askyFe
13、aturePlayCompany.ItproducedthemovieSquawMan.Innineteensixteen,GoldfishstartedabusinesswithEdgarSelwyn.TheycombinedtheirnamesGoldfishandSelwynandcalledthenewcompanyGoldwyn.SamuelGoldfishlikedthenameandchangedhistoSamuelGoldwyninnineteeneighteen.TheGoldwynCompanymademanysuccessfulmotionpictures.Yet,th
14、ecompanywasnotafinancialsuccess.Innineteentwenty-two,SamuelGoldwynwasforcedtoleavethecompany.TheGoldwynCompanythenjoinedwithMetroPicturesand1.ouisB.MayerProductionstoformMetro-Goldwyn-MayerzknownasMGM.SamuelGoldwynwasnotpartofthedeal.Hepromisednevertobeajointownerofanothercompany.Heformedhisowncompa
15、nySamuelGoldwynProductions.SamuelGoldwynwasoneofthegreatindependentproducersduringtheGoldenAgeofHollywood.Mostofhisfilmsweresuccessfulfinanciallyandpopularwithcritics.Heinsistedthathisfilmsbewellmadeandofhighquality.ThisbecameknownastheGoldwynTouch.Goldwynusuallypaidforhisfilmshimself.Heboughtthebes
16、tstoriesandplaystobemadeintomovies.Heemployedthebestwriters,directorsandactors.Andhediscoverednewactorsincluding1.ucilleBall,GaryCooper,SusanHaywardandWillRogers.Goldwynwasextremelyindependent.Hehadastrongdesiretocontroleveryelementoftheproductionandmarketingofhisfilms.Hemadealldecisionsconcerninghi
17、sfilmsincludingchoosingdirectors,actorsandwriters.HisbestfilmsincludeThe1.ittleFoxes,TheBestYearsofOur1.ivesandPorgyandBess.HismoviesreceivedmanyAcademyAwards.SamuelGoldwynwasknownalsoforhissenseofhumor.Hecreatedfunnyexpressions.InHollywoodtheyareknownasGoldwynisms.OneofhismostfamousexpressionswasIn
18、cludemeout.Innineteenforty-six,GoldwynreceivedtheIrvingThalbergMemorialAwardforhisexcellentmovieproductionsduringtheAcademyAwardceremoniesthatyear.Hediedinnineteenseventy-four.SamuelGoldwynwasinthemoviebusinessforalmostsixtyyears.Heisconsideredoneofthemostinfluentialfilmproducersever.(MUSIC)1.ouisB.
19、MayerbeganasatheateroperatorinHavermil1.Massachusettsinnineteen-oh-seven.Overthenextseveralyearsheboughtmoretheaters.SoonheownedthelargestgroupoftheatersinNewEngland.Innineteenseventeen,Mayerformedhisownmovieproductioncompany.Intheearlynineteentwenties,1.ouisB.MayerPicturesjoinedtwoothercompaniestof
20、ormMetro-Goldwyn-Mayer.MayerwasappointedvicepresidentandgeneralmanagerofMetro-Goldwyn-Mayer.Hehadastrongfatherlywayofsupervisingthecompanyandactors.ThecompanyhadsomeofthebiggestnamesinshowbusinessincludingJudyGarland,ClarkGable,KatherineHepburnandElizabethTaylor.ApopularexpressionusedatthetimewasMGM
21、hadmorestarsthanthereareinheaven.MGMproducedsomeofthemostpopularmoviesofalltimeincludingTheWizardofOz/GonewiththeWindandThePhiladelphiaStory.Inthenineteenthirtiesandnineteenforties,1.ouisB.MayerwasthemostpowerfulbusinessmaninHollywood.Heearnedmorethanonemilliontwohundredthousanddollarsayear.Hewaspai
22、dmorethananyoneelseintheUnitedStates.Innineteenfifty,MayerreceivedaspecialAcademyAwardforexcellentservicetotheMotionPictureindustry.HediedinHolIywoodzCaIiforniainnineteenfifty-seven.Hewasseventy-twoyearsold.CecilB-DeMiIIezSamueIGoldwynand1.ouisB.Mayerarerememberedfortheirexcellentmoviesandtheircontinuinginfluenceinthemotionpictureindustry.Theyledthewayformovieproducersanddirectorsoftodayandthosestilltocome.(MUSIC)Thisprogramwaswrittenanddirectedby1.awanDavis.OurstudioengineerwasKeithHolmes.mSteveEmber.AndImSarah1.ong.JoinusagainnextweekforPEOP1.EINAMERICAinVOASpecialEnglish.51VOA.COM
