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1、13 唐诗五首,野 望 王 绩,时代背景,本诗选自王绩诗注。诗人一生郁郁不得志，曾三仕三隐。此诗作于诗人辞官隐居东皋之时。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才
2、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才
3、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,细细体会诗歌，回答问题：,1.首联在全诗中的作用是什么？,第一句的“东皋”点明地点，“薄暮”点明时间，“望”字点题并领起中间两联的写景。第二句呼应起尾联，表现出哀伤的情感，为全诗奠定了感情基调。表现了诗人在现实中找不到知音、得不到赏识的苦闷、怅惘的心情。,颔联和颈联承“望”字而来，又紧扣薄暮，写出远望所见到的景象。这四句诗宛若一幅山家秋晚图。,颔联和颈联描写了一幅什么样的画面？,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路
4、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路
5、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,2.尾联运用典故有何表达作用？,借伯夷与叔齐的典故，表明诗人在现实中找不到相知的好友，只好追怀古代的隐士，体现了诗人知音难觅、孤独
6、无依的苦闷与惆怅之情。,状元成才路,首联：叙事、抒情迷茫、失意,野 望,结构梳理,颔联：远景、静态,颈联：近景、动态,山家秋晚图,尾联：巧用典故追怀古贤,孤独无依前途渺茫,主旨概括,美丽的秋景，恬淡和平的生活，却让诗人发出了“相顾无相识”的感慨，表现了百无聊赖的彷徨心情和在现实中孤独无依、只好追怀古人的落寞心情。,黄鹤楼 崔 颢,黄 鹤 楼崔 颢昔人/已乘/黄鹤去，此地/空余/黄鹤楼。黄鹤/一去/不复返，白云/千载/空悠悠。晴川/历历/汉阳树，芳草/萋萋/鹦鹉洲。日暮/乡关/何处是？烟波/江上/使人愁。,齐读诗歌,（首联）“昔人已乘黄鹤去，此地空余黄鹤楼。”,诗句赏析,首联扣题，从神话传说起笔
7、。,从传说写到现实，由传说的美好与现实的“空余”构成强烈的反差，诗人怅然若失的情绪表露出来。,（颔联）“黄鹤一去不复返，白云千载空悠悠。” 紧承首联，说自从仙人离去，黄鹤楼已经历经千百年之久。仙人一去不再回返，只有白云陪伴着黄鹤楼，大有岁月易逝之感慨。,（颈联）“晴川历历汉阳树，芳草萋萋鹦鹉洲。” 转写登楼所见之明丽之景 写汉阳晴川和鹦鹉洲生机勃勃的景象。“历历”“萋萋”描绘出山川清楚分明、草木极其茂盛的状貌。,（尾联）“日暮乡关何处是？烟波江上使人愁。” 以抒情作结。日暮思归是人之常情，江水上烟雾笼罩更增添了诗人浓浓的乡愁。,细细体会诗歌，回答问题：,1.颔联描绘了怎样的景色？有何作用？,水
8、天相接的画面因白云的衬托愈显宏伟阔大，诗人的心境渐渐开朗，想象黄鹤楼久远的历史和美丽的传说，一幕幕在眼前回放，但终归物是人非、鹤去楼空，进而抒发了诗人岁月难再、世事茫然的空幻感，也为下文写乡关难归的无限愁思做了铺垫。,尾联以“愁”字结尾有什么表达效果？,全诗以“愁”字作结，准确表达了日暮时分诗人登临黄鹤楼的心情，同时又和开篇缥缈的意境相吻合，以起伏辗转的文笔表现缠绵的乡愁。,主旨概括,这首诗通过描写诗人登临黄鹤楼的见闻和感受，抒发了吊古伤今之感，抒写了诗人思念家乡的愁思。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状
9、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状
10、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,起借用传说引出黄鹤楼承感慨仙人已去转描写登楼所见合抒发思乡之情,黄鹤楼,结构梳理,愁而不怨意境高远,写作特色,1.浑然一体，意境天成。
11、 这首诗写景有近景、远景、日景、暮景，变化奇妙，气象恢宏，仙人黄鹤、名楼胜地、蓝天白云、晴川沙洲、绿树芳草、落日暮江，绘景如画，色彩缤纷，浑然一体，意境天成。,2.意中有象，虚实结合。 诗的前四句叙写仙人乘鹤的传说，写的是想象，属于虚写；而后四句写眼前所见所感，抒发个人情怀，属于实写。全诗虚实结合，将传说与眼前的景象巧妙融为一体，目睹景物，吊古伤今，尽抒胸臆，富含情韵，飘逸清新，一气贯通，更能表现世事茫然之慨。,使至塞上 王 维,王维（701761），字摩诘，号摩诘居士，唐代诗人、画家。王维在诗歌上的成就是多方面的，边塞诗、山水诗、律诗、绝句等都有脍炙人口的佳作，与孟浩然合称“王孟”，有“诗佛
12、”之称。苏轼称赞他“诗中有画，画中有诗。”代表诗作有山居秋暝相思使至塞上等。著有王右丞集。,作者名片,本诗选自王维集校注卷二（中华书局1997年版）。开元二十五年（737），王维以监察御史的身份出使凉州，当时河西节度使崔希逸战胜吐蕃，唐玄宗命王维出塞慰问将士、察访军情。这实际是将王维排挤出朝廷。这首诗作于赴边途中，写出塞时的沿途景色。,背景链接,使至塞上王 维单车/欲问边，属国/过居延。征蓬/出汉塞，归雁/入胡天。大漠/孤烟直，长河/落日圆。萧关/逢候骑，都护/在燕然。,齐读诗歌,赏析诗句,单车欲问边，蜀国过居延。,首联扣题，交代地点及事由。,【品析】“单车”说明随从少，仪节规格不高，微露出失
13、意情绪。描写行程的遥远，也表达出作者此时此刻的孤寂心情。,怎样理解“征蓬出汉塞，归雁入胡天”的含义？,诗人以“蓬”“雁”自比，说自己像随风飘飞的蓬草一样飞出“汉塞”，像振翅北飞的“归雁”一样进入“胡天”，暗写出诗人被排挤出朝廷的激愤和抑郁。,2.赏析“大漠孤烟直，长河落日圆”两句。,答案：此联以十分工整的对仗，描绘塞外雄奇壮观的独特景象，开阔鲜明，气势雄浑，成为千古名句。“直”、“圆”都是形容词。“直”表现了孤烟之高，“圆”表现了落日之低，就在黄河之上。这两句诗运用了对偶的修辞手法，描绘了一幅苍茫、空阔的景象，表现了诗人的孤寂之感。,萧关逢候骑，都护在燕然。,照应诗题和开头，流露出诗人对边关将
14、士不畏艰苦、不怕牺牲的赞叹。,尾联,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,
15、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,
16、状元成才路,状元成才路,诗歌叙述了诗人出使塞上的艰苦行程，描绘了奇特壮美的塞外风光，表达了诗人出使边塞的悲壮情怀和难以排遣的孤寂之情。,主旨归纳,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路
17、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路
18、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,使至塞上,雄浑壮美慷慨悲壮,叙事出使边塞抒情内心抑郁绘景塞外风光叙事战事紧张,结构梳理,写作特色,1.笔力苍劲，意境雄浑。 诗歌形象地描绘了壮丽奇特的塞外风光，画面开阔，意境雄浑。其中“大漠孤烟直，长河落日圆”一句尤为传神，通过简约的线条勾勒出景物的基本形态，画面感强，概括性极强，造景雄浑。,2.比喻贴切，遣词精妙。 描写“征蓬”“归雁”，既是写景，又是叙事，自然贴切。“蓬草”“大雁”多喻漂泊在外的游子，诗人以“蓬草”“大雁”自比，从中可见其内心抑郁和激愤的情绪
19、。“大漠孤烟直，长河落日圆”中，一个“圆”字，一个“直”字，准确地描绘了沙漠的景象，遣词精巧，别具匠心。,渡荆门送别 李 白,李白（701762），字太白，号青莲居士，唐朝浪漫主义诗人，被后人誉为“诗仙”。李白的诗歌表现出藐视权贵的傲岸精神，又善于描绘壮丽的自然景色，表达对祖国山河的热爱，诗风豪迈奔放，构思奇特，感情强烈，意境奇伟瑰丽，语言清新明快，气势雄浑，达到盛唐诗歌艺术的巅峰。与杜甫齐名，并称“李杜”。代表作有望庐山瀑布行路难蜀道难将进酒等。,作者名片,本诗选自李太白全集卷十五（中华书局1977年版）。这首诗是李白出蜀时所作。荆门，自古即有楚蜀咽喉之称。二十五岁的李白这次出蜀，由水路乘船
20、远行，经巴渝，出三峡，直向荆门山之外驶去，目的是到今湖北、湖南一带的楚国故地游览。坐在船上，纵情观赏巫山两岸高耸云霄的峻岭，一路看来，眼前景色逐渐变化，船过荆门一带，视野顿时开阔，别有一番景致。,背景链接,渡荆门送别李 白渡远/荆门外，来从/楚国游。山随/平野尽，江入/大荒流。月下/飞天镜，云生/结海楼。仍怜/故乡水，万里/送行舟。,齐读诗歌,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状
21、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状
22、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,渡荆门送别渡远荆门外，来从楚国游。,乘船。,【品析】交代了诗人此行的目的：远渡荆门，到楚地游历。,楚地。这里指今湖北一带。,课文解读,诗意：（我乘船）远行到荆门山之外，去楚地漫游。,往。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
23、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
24、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,1.怎样理解“山随平野尽，江入大荒流”？,诗人用远景勾勒出一幅气势雄浑的万里长江图。一个“
25、随”字，将群山与平野的位置逐渐变换、推移的过程真切地再现出来，给人以空间感和流动感。“尽”字表达了刚从三峡中出来的诗人顿时喜悦开朗的心情。,再读古诗，讨论思考：,“入”字形象生动，仿佛江水流入碧空，流入原野，气势磅礴，给人无限的想象空间，充分表达了诗人喜悦的心情和蓬勃的朝气。,月下飞天镜，云生结海楼。,将水中月影比作明镜，用海市蜃楼形容江中云霞之美，展现了一幅由高山、大江、原野、明月、彩云构成的雄奇壮丽的画卷，抒发了诗人对祖国大好河山的赞美之情。,合作探究,赏析“月下飞天镜，云生结海楼”？,“月下飞天镜，云生结海楼”，意思是月亮在水中的倒影好像天上飞下来的一面天镜，云彩升起，变幻无穷，结成了海
26、市蜃楼。这一句是长江近景的描写。此联上句写夜晚，仰观天宇，皓月洒辉；俯察江流，明月倒映皎洁如镜。,仍怜故乡水，万里送行舟。,仍：仍然，依旧。,怜：喜爱。,诗意：我还是喜爱故乡的水，不远万里送我乘船远游。,2.尾联运用了什么修辞手法？有什么作用？,拟人。“送”字运用拟人的修辞手法，赋予“故乡水”以人的情态，写故乡水不远万里来送自己行舟远游，表达了诗人对故乡的留恋和不舍之情。,这首五言律诗通过对出蜀至荆门沿途所见景物的描写，展现了一幅由高山、大江、原野、明月、彩云构成的雄奇壮丽的画卷，抒发了诗人对祖国大好河山的赞美，表达了诗人对故乡的无限眷恋。,主旨归纳,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
27、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
28、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,渡荆门送别,叙事：远渡地点，出蜀目的,描写,抒情：怜水
29、送行舟,远景平野 江流近景江月 云生,结构梳理,雄浑壮阔意境高远,写作特色,1.构思巧妙，脉络清晰。诗歌首联是总叙，交代诗人此行的目的，为下文的写景和抒情做了铺垫。接着，颔联、颈联详细地描绘了长江江面开阔、两岸平旷的景色，言语间满含诗人初见平原的新奇感受。最后两句紧扣“送别”主题，与首联的诗意遥相呼应，脉络清晰。,2.想象奇特，富有浪漫色彩。“月下飞天镜，云生结海楼”通过两幅美丽的画面来形容江上的美景，第一幅是水中映月图，明月映入水中，如同飞下的天镜，写夜间的风景；第二幅是天边云霞图，云霞飘飞，如同海市蜃楼一般变幻多姿，写黄昏的风景。这种奇特的想象，使诗歌充满了浪漫主义色彩，富有艺术张力。,钱
30、塘湖春行 白居易,钱塘湖春行 白居易 孤山/寺北/贾亭西，水面/初平/云脚低。 几处/早莺/争暖树，谁家/新燕/啄春泥。 乱花/渐欲/迷人眼，浅草/才能/没马蹄。 最爱/湖东/行不足，绿杨/阴里/白沙堤。,齐读诗歌,1.赏析颔联“几处早莺争暖树，谁家新燕啄春泥”。,这两句诗运用对偶的修辞手法，句式整齐，结构对称，节奏鲜明，热情地赞美了具有无限生机的大自然，从而体现了诗人无限喜悦的心情。“争”运用了拟人的修辞手法。“争”字，让人感到春光的难得与宝贵。“啄”字，描写燕子那忙碌而兴奋的神情。这两句着意描绘出莺莺燕燕的动态，从而使得全诗洋溢着春的活力与生机。,合作探究,2.试品析颈联“乱花渐欲迷人眼，
31、浅草才能没马蹄”的妙处。,“乱”字贬词褒用，不仅写出了花的品种数量之多、花开之多，更显出了一种勃勃的生机；“浅”字写春草低矮柔嫩，“渐欲”“才能”写出花草向荣的趋势，描绘了春的发展变化，突出了春的勃勃生机。表达了作者对西湖美景的热爱和赞美之情。,合作探究,1.尾联从内容和写法上看与前三联有什么不同？,前三联都是抓住西湖早春的独特之处来描写诗人将所见之景，诗人将对西湖的喜爱之情含蓄地融入了对景物的细腻描写之中，含蓄隽永，韵味无穷。,2.结合本诗，说说诗人是如何通过“行”来描绘西湖的美丽景色的。,这首诗以“行”为线索，截取了孤山寺北至白沙堤这一段路途中的风景来写。开头写的“水面初平”是诗人在孤山寺
32、北所见之景，中间写旅程中所见的动植物，最后用“绿杨阴里”写白沙堤之景。诗人以“最爱”为感情线，一路上陶醉在湖光山色之中，饱览莺歌燕舞、鸟语花香。最后，诗人意犹未尽地沿着白沙堤，在杨柳的绿阴底下驻足停留，字里行间洋溢着对西湖春景的热爱之情。,主旨概括,这首诗通过对湖水、云脚、早莺、新燕、乱花、浅草等景物的描绘，展现了一幅色彩明丽、春意盎然的西湖早春图，抒发了诗人的愉悦之情和对西湖美景的喜爱。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,钱塘湖春行,所在：孤山寺北贾亭西,结构梳理,所见,水平云低,莺燕争春,花草
33、渐盛,所感：最爱湖东行不足,春意盎然赞美西湖,写作特色,1.用词准确生动，富有表现力。 诗人善于把握景物特征，运用准确、具有表现力的词语进行描绘和渲染。如用“早莺”“暖树”“新燕”“浅草”等特定的词语来突出早春的特征，用词恰当准确；又如“几处”“谁家”等词的使用极有分寸，表明诗人所写之景并非花草茂盛的晚春，而是春意微露的早春风光。,2.语言平易自然，善于选取和描绘景物。 诗歌语言流畅，生动自然，语气平易，体现了通俗流畅的特点。诗人从总体上着眼，描绘了湖上蓬勃的春意，并善于在行途中展开景物描写，从孤山寺写到贾亭，又写到湖东白沙堤，诗人的足迹遍及大半个西湖。但在描绘中诗人却只选取了几种典型的景物，便将西湖春景写活了，可谓独具匠心。,
