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1、The Bronte Sisters,谢宗伯201397718,Contents,The Bronte Sisters,Charlotte Bronte (1816-1855),Her main works:Jane Eyre(1847)The Professor(1857)Shirley(1849)Villette(1853),The Bronte Sisters,Emily Bronte (1818-1848),Her main works:1)Wuthering Heights2)Poems,The Bronte Sisters,Anne Bronte (1818-1848),Her m
2、ain works:1) The Tenant of Wildfell Hall 2) Agnes Grey,Their Father,Portrait of Patrick Bronte around 1860,Patrick Bronte (1777 1861):-Born inIreland;-Anglicancurate;Poet, writer, and polemicist;Studied in Cambridge;visiting the sick and the poor;died at the age of 84.,Their Mother,Maria Branwell(17
3、83-1821): Maria Bronte originated fromCornwall and came from a comfortably well off middle-class family. Her father had a flourishing tea and grocery store and had accumulated considerable wealth.Maria died at the age of 38, probably from cancer of the stomach. She was known for her lively spirit, j
4、oyfulness and tenderness, and it was she who designed the samplers that are on display in the museum, and had them embroidered by her children. She left memories with her husband and with Charlotte, the oldest surviving sibling, of a very vivacious woman at the parsonage. The younger ones, particula
5、rly Emily and Anne, admitted to retaining only vague images of their mother, especially of her suffering in her sickbed.,Other Family Members,Elizabeth Branwell:Elizabeth Branwell arrived from Penzance in 1821, after the death of Maria, her younger sister, to help Patrick look after the children.Mar
6、ia: the eldest child of Bronte. She died in Haworth at the age of eleven on 6 May 1825.Elizabeth: the second child of Bronte, joined her sister Maria at Cowan Bridge where she suffered the same fate. Patrick Branwell: Known asBranwell, he was a painter, writer and casual worker. He became addicted t
7、o alcohol andlaudanumand died at Haworth on 24 September 1848 at the age of 31.,Education,Cowan Bridge School- In 1824, the four eldest girls (excluding Anne) enteredCowan Bridge School which educated the children of less fortunate members of the clergy, and which had been recommended to Mr. Bronte.
8、Miss Woolers school- In 1831, 14-year-old Charlotte was enrolled at the school of Miss Wooler. Charlotte was happy there and studied well. She made many lifelong friends, in particularEllen Nusseyand Mary Taylor.,Charlotte Bronte (1816-1855),The struggle: denunciation of boarding schools (Jane Eyre)
9、-Conditions at the school at Cowan Bridge, where Maria and Elizabeth may have contracted the tuberculosis from which they died, were probably no worse than those at many other schools of the time.Literary encounters-Following the overwhelming success ofJane Eyre, Charlotte was pressured by George Sm
10、ith, her publisher , with whom she was in love, to travel to London to meet her public. Despite the extreme timidity that paralysed her among strangers and made her almost incapable of expressing herself , Charlotte consented to be lionised, and in London was introduced to other great writers of the
11、 era.,Charlotte Bronte (1816-1855),Marriage- Arthur Bell Nicholls(18181906) had been curate of Haworth for seven and a half years, when contrary to all expectations, and to the fury of Patrick Bronte, he proposed to Charlotte. Although impressed by his dignity and deep voice, Charlotte found him rig
12、id, conventional, and rather narrow-minded like all the curates. After she declined his proposal Nichols, pursued by the anger of Patrick Bronte, left his functions for several months . However, little by little her feelings evolved and after slowly convincing her father, she finally married Nichols
13、 on 29 June 1854.,Emily Bronte(1818-1848),Emily Bronte has been called theSphinx of Literature, writing without the slightest desire for fame, and only for her own satisfaction. She was obsessively timid outside the family circle to the point of turning her back on her partners in conversation witho
14、ut saying a word.With a single novel,Wuthering Heightsand poems of an elementary power, she reached the heights of literature. Almost unknown during her life, posterity classes her as top level in the literary canon of English literature.Above all, Emily loved to wander about the wild landscape of t
15、he moors around Haworth. In September 1848 her health began to decline rapidly. Consumptive, but refusing all treatment, with the exception of a visit from a London doctor because although it was already too late, her relatives insisted she died in December on the sofa in the dining room.,Anne Bront
16、e (1818-1848),Anne wasnt as celebrated as her other two sisters. Thus,The Short Oxford History of English Literature writes that her first novel was overshadowed by those of Charlotte and Emily and that the narrator endures humiliation, snobbism, and incivility from her employers with a firm resolution helped along by her sense of duty and high moral conscience. The chronicle, sprinkled with Annes own experiences, is the basis ofAgnes Greywhich appears to be a semi-autobiographical novel.,Thank you,
