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1、UNIT 4 Five Famous Symbols of American Culture,DESIGNED BY Grace zhang,Company Logo,Contents,Company Logo,Preview Test,Passage A gives us some (1)into the origins of symbols by which the United State of America is (2) around the world. The Statue of Liberty is a female figure which derives from the
2、two (3) women in French artist Bartholdis life. Another symbol of American (4) is the Barbie doll, which derives from an old German toy (5) with the American designers (6) name on it. The great American Gothic painting is in the medieval European style showing the faces of an American (7)and his sis
3、ter. The Buffalo nickel derives from an admiration for the American Buffalo and the Indian people. The most lasting image of America derives from the partly true but mostly fictitious story of Uncle Sam.,Company Logo,Diagram,Company Logo,Status of LibertyMid-1870s French artist love a woman his moth
4、er statues right armface,Company Logo,Paragraph 1-4,1. statue：n. the figure of a person, an animal, etc. in wood, stone, bronze, etc., usu. life-size or larger the statue of the statue of chairman他们计划为总统立一尊雕像。They planned to put up a statue for the President. 那边的雕像是谁？Whose statue is that over there?
5、这座楼前将要建立一座雕像。A statue will be set up in front of the building.,Company Logo,economic status : 经济地位你的婚姻状况是什么？What is your marital status?,Company Logo,Paragraph 1-4,2. liberty: n. 1）. U freedom from captivity, slavery, or oppressive control 他们给子女很多的自由。They give their children a great deal of liberty.
6、他非常渴望自由。He longed for liberty very much!2). C,U (fml.) the right or permission to do or use sth. 许可，准许职员可以在俱乐部跳舞。Employees have the liberty to dance in the clubs.我的自行车你可以随便用。You are at liberty to use my bicycle. 你可以使用我的书房。You may have the liberty of my study.,Company Logo,Paragraph 1-4,3). C speech
7、or behavior that lacks respect or does not follow what is thought to be polite 放肆，无礼，冒昧行为连问都不问你就拒绝邀请，未免太无礼了！What a liberty, to refuse the invitation without even asking you! 请原谅我的冒昧。Excuse my liberties.,Company Logo,Paragraph 1-4,freedom: 含义广，指任何无限制无束缚的自由自在状态。liberty : 常可与freedom换用，但强调从过去受的压制、管束下被解救
8、或释放出来，也指法律所承认的特权，如言论、集会等自由。,Company Logo,Paragraph 1-4,3. work on: have sth. as the subject of thought or effort他们在写一份年轻人生活方式的调查报告。They are working on a report of their investigation of young peoples life style. 汤姆还在写那本他许诺要写的新书吗？Is Tom still working on the new book that he promised? 让我们继续搞我们的项目。Let
9、us work on our project.在尝试新的东西之前，我想努力改进我的风格。I want to work on improving my style before trying anything new.,Company Logo,Paragraph 1-4,4. enlighten: vt. give sb. more information about sth. so that he or she knows the truth 一些富有献身精神的医生奋斗了多年来发展这一专业。A few devoted doctors have fought for years to enli
10、ghten the profession.关于这个问题，你能指点我一下吗？Can you enlighten me on this subject?这是一次极有启发性、极令人兴奋的体验。 It can be an enlightening and exciting experience. 这本书将会启发读者。This book will enlighten the reader.电视节目既要使观众得到娱乐也要使他们得到启发.TV programs should enlighten the audience as well as entertainment.,Company Logo,Parag
11、raph 1-4,5. alliance: n. a group of countries, political parties or people who have agreed to work together because of the same interests or aimsnational alliance民族联盟form an alliance结盟They broke up the alliance.他们中止了联盟。,Company Logo,Paragraph 1-4,6. approve of: be pleased about sth他父亲不赞成他16岁就离开学校。Hi
12、s father didnt approve of his leaving school at 16.她父母不认可她的朋友。Her parents dont approve of her friends.我赞成他的教育的政策。I approve of his educational policies.,Company Logo,Paragraph 1-4,7. affection: n. feeling of fondness他深爱他的父母。He feels a deep affection for his parents. 她渐渐爱上了这个地方。She had developed quite
13、 an affection for the place. 她对自己的孩子有慈爱的感情。She feels affection towards her children.,Company Logo,Paragraph 1-4,8. go ahead委员会允许我们继续实施我们的建筑计划。The council gave us permission to go ahead with our building plans. 尽管主席生病了，但会议仍照计划继续进行。In spite of the chairmans illness, the meeting will go ahead as planne
14、d. 我先走一步，告诉他们你马上就到。Ill go ahead and tell them youll be there shortly.,Company Logo,Paragraph 1-4,9. assemble: v.1) fit the parts of sth. together有些男孩喜欢组装模型飞机。Some boys like to assemble model airplanes.我们用了一整天来安装新书架。We spent all day trying to assemble our new bookshelves. 把这辆自行车装配好花了两小时。It took two h
15、ours to assemble the bicycle .,Company Logo,Paragraph 1-4,2) come together in a group; gather or collect领导们聚集在上海开会.The leaders assembled in Shanghai for the meeting.明晨七时在门口会齐。Well assemble at the gate at 7 oclock tomorrow morning. 我收集了写那篇文章所需要的所有信息。Ive assembled all the information I need for my ess
16、ay.,Company Logo,Review 1,1.我只有在周末才有空。(liberty)2.在今后几年中可能会有十个不同的研究小组从事该项目的工作。(work on)3.他写小说的目的在于使一般读者得到娱乐并受到教育。(enlighten)4.就我个人而言，我完全赞同这个建议。(approve of)5.我对我的家乡有热爱之情.（affection）6.请继续讲你的故事。(go ahead with)7.你知道如何装配这台新机器吗？(assemble),Company Logo,Barbie Doll,Company Logo,10. for sale: intended to be s
17、old 他的房屋待售。His house is for sale.这些画是不是要卖？Are these paintings for sale?这些鞋子是非卖品。The shoes are not for sale.你们有新邮票出售吗?Do you have new stamps for sale?,Company Logo,11. refashion into: change into; make into你能将这件连衣裙改成短裙子吗？Can you refashion this dress into a skirt? 很高兴看到这些又旧又黑的房子正在被改建成现代化的大楼。 Its nice
18、to see these old dark buildings being refashioned into modern ones.,Company Logo,12. exaggerate: vt make (sth.) seem larger, more important, better or worse than it really is 夸张，夸大进攻的威胁被大大地夸张了。The threat of attack has been greatly exaggerated.她没有把塔的高度夸大。 She did not exaggerate about the height of th
19、e tower.这双鞋使她的脚显得特别大。Those shoes exaggerate the size of her feet .,Company Logo,13. version: n. 1) a thing which is based on sth. else but which has some details that are different任何人可以看预览版本。Anyone may view the PREVIEW version.该小说的电影改写本非常成功。The movie version of this novel is very successful.目前好莱坞在拍摄
20、两部不同版本的乱世佳人。Two different versions of Gone with the Wind are now being made in Hollywood. 2) an account of an event, etc. from the point of view of one person 两个司机对事故的说法不同。The two drivers gave different versions of the accident.她换了一种形式问这个问题。 She asked a different version of the question.,Company Log
21、o,14. universal : adj. concerning all members of a group 他是一位受大众喜爱的演员。He is an actor of universal liking. 新的改革在政府内没有得到全体一致赞同。The new reforms have not met with universal approval within the government.降低房价是大众普遍的要求。Lowering the house price is the universal demand of people.,Company Logo,2) for all peo
22、ple; widespread 我们需要一把万能钥匙。We need a universal key.这种机器在家庭中有广泛的用途.This machine has a universal use in the home. . 3）（done, found, etc.）in all parts of the world音乐是全世界的语言。Music is the universal language.足球是一项全球性的运动。Football is a universal game.气候变化是个世界性的问题。Climate change is a universal problem.,Compa
23、ny Logo,Universally: adv. worldwide or in all situations; (believed or accepted) by everyone 基本证件是普遍接受的资格证明。The basic certificate is a universally recognized qualification. 人们普遍同意这一点。People universally agree on this point.他的行为使他受到普遍尊敬.His actions made him universally respected.,Company Logo,15. fame
24、 : U the state of being well known名誉，名望她移居伦敦，寻求声誉和财富。She moved to London in search of fame and fortune. 他的名声享誉全世界。His fame is worldwide.他的名声传遍全国。His fame spread throughout the country.,Company Logo,American Gothic,Company Logo,16. interpretation: n. 1) U, C an explanation or understanding of sth.解释，
25、说明，描述对于这些事实你作何解释？What interpretation would you put on these facts? 他们对事件进行了错误的解释They put a false interpretation on events.这些事实不容作此种解释。The facts do not allow such an interpretation.,Company Logo,2) U, C making clear or bringing out the meaning of (a character, music, etc.)（表演、演奏的）艺术处理表演往往和剧本本身一样重要.In
26、terpretation is often as important as the text itself. 这位演员的表演得到了大部分报纸的赞扬。The actors interpretations were praised by most of the newspapers.,Company Logo,这些名词都含有“解释，说明”之意。explanation: 普通用词，指使人明白未知或不清楚的事。definition: 主要指对某一词、短语或专门术语的含义作解释、下定义。description: 指对某一事物的重要方面进行详细叙述，常含教育与启迪意味。exposition: 通常指对论点
27、、假设、理论等的重点作详尽的阐述。interpretation : 多指对文字上较难的段落，或难于理解，令人迷惑的问题作出解释或说明。,Company Logo,17. solemna. done, made, etc. seriously; having a sense of religious-like importance庄严的，肃穆的教皇(pope)的身影出现时，人群一片肃穆。There was a solemn silence when the pope appeared. 你看来一本正经的样子。You look very solemn.政府发表了一项严正的声明。The govern
28、ment made a solemn statement.,Company Logo,18. medieval adj. of the Middle Ages (about AD 1100-1500) medieval art medieval architecture medieval history,Company Logo,19. inspire: 1) give sb. a feeling of wanting and being able to do sth. good, create a work of art, etc.给以灵感他童年时代的一件往事给了他创作这首诗的灵感。An i
29、ncident in his childhood inspired the poem. 这些故事激发了他们的创造力。These stories inspired his creativity.最好的博物馆可以用来教育，娱乐和给我们赋予灵感。The best museums educate, entertain and inspire us.2) fill sb. with confidence or eagerness, esp. so that they feel they can achieve sth. difficult or special 鼓舞，激励他的驾驶技术很难使乘客对他产生信
30、任感。 His driving hardly inspires confidence in his passengers. 他试图激励他们更努力。He tried to inspire them to greater efforts.,Company Logo,20. grave : adj.1) (of people) sad or serious （指人）表情严肃的，端庄的他沉默地站在那儿，一脸严肃。He was standing quietly with a grave face.他向他们讲述事故的有关情况时，神情十分严肃。 He looked grave as he told them
31、 about the accident. 2) seriously bad:严重的当他指控我说谎时，他犯了一个严重的错误。It was a grave mistake when he accused me of lying.国际形势正引起人们的密切关注.The international situation is becoming a matter of grave concern.,Company Logo,n. C a place where a dead person is buried, esp. when under the ground and marked by a stone坟
32、墓，墓穴他每个礼拜天去给母亲扫墓，在她的坟上放一些鲜花。He visits his mothers grave every Sunday and lays fresh flowers on it.他因酗酒过度而过早死去。He drank himself into an early grave.,Company Logo,21. alongside : prep. 在. .旁边，和. .一起一辆汽车停在我们的车旁边。A car pulled up alongside ours. 大部分员工拒绝与新小组一同工作。Most of the staff refused to work alongside
33、 the new team.我们把船靠在他们的旁边。We brought our boat alongside theirs.狗在女主人(mistress)的身边奔跑.The dog ran alongside his mistress.,Company Logo,22. stretch: v 1)make sth. longer, wider or tighter by pulling 拉长，拉紧，伸展通过做这个练习我们可以伸展肌肉。We can stretch our muscle by doing this exercise.我们将绳子拉紧.We stretched the rope t
34、ight.2) cause to go as far as possible or beyond the usual limit使尽全力，到（超过）. . 的极限你逼得我再也无法忍受了。Youre stretching my patience to the limit. 你不能过度劳累.You can not stretch your powers .,Company Logo,3) vi. vi. (a piece of land or water, etc.) spread over a large area or distance 扩展，延伸，延续森林连绵数百英里。The forests
35、 stretch for hundreds of miles.茶园（plantation）一直延伸到很远的地方。The tea plantations stretch far into the distance .,Company Logo,save sb. from prevent sb. or sth. from having or doing sth. bad 拯救，使免于谢谢，你使我明白过来，没有干蠢事。 Thank you; you saved me from making a fool of myself.我们怎样才能使他避免自食其果呢？ What can we do to sav
36、e him from the results of his own mistakes? 有很多办法可以挽救他们的婚姻。Lots can be done to save their marriage from failure.,Company Logo,The Buffalo Nickel,Company Logo,Paragraph 16-22,23. tragedy :1) n. C, U terrible event that causes great sadness驾驶员成功地避免了飞机的坠毁，从而避免了一场悲剧。The pilot stopped a tragedy when he s
37、ucceeded in preventing the plane from crashing. 本地一对夫妇的伦敦之行发生了悲剧，他们遭遇了车祸。 A trip to London ended in tragedy for a local couple when they were involved in a car crash.,Company Logo,2) a serious play that has a sad ending莎士比亚(Shakespeare) 写过历史剧和悲剧。 Shakespeare wrote histories and tragedies. 这是一部著名的悲剧.
38、This is a famous tragedy.,Company Logo,24. settlement:1) U the movement of a new population into a place to live there 往美国西部的移民the settlement of the American West 2) an agreement, usu. official, that ends an argument; the act of reaching this kind of agreement这个问题的解决被耽搁了多年。Settlement of this matter
39、has been delayed for years.她接受了4,000美元的庭外和解。She accepted an out-of-court settlement of $4,000. 你建议怎么来处理这个问题呢？ What do you suggest for a settlement?罢工的人已同雇主达成协议. The strikers have reached a settlement with the employers.,Company Logo,25. frontier 1) C the border between two countries, or (esp. in the
40、 past in the US) the border between cultivated land where people live and wild land 边境，边界，（美国靠近未开发地带的）边远地区那时穿越边界并不困难。It wasnt difficult then to cross the frontier. 边境上一切安静.Everything is quiet on the frontier.士兵们小心翼翼地朝边境迈进。The soldiers headed for the frontier with care.,Company Logo,2) C (usu. pl.) t
41、he border between what is known and what is not known许多科学家对在未完全开拓的知识领域工作感到极大的兴奋。Many scientists enjoy the excitement of working at the frontiers of knowledge.太空是人类最后一块尚未开拓的领域。Space is the final frontier for human race to explore.,Company Logo,26. herdn. C a large group of animals of the same type th
42、at live and feed together非洲以其庞大的象群闻名。Africa is well-known for its large herds of elephant. 狮子把那群山羊全都咬死了。The lions killed the entire herd of goats.,Company Logo,vt. move or drive forward as a herd in a certain direction 使集中在一起，把赶在一起狗常被训练来放羊. Dogs are often trained to herd sheep。放学后，他常帮他哥哥放牛。After sch
43、ool he often helped his brother herd cattle .,Company Logo,go againstbe opposed to or contrary to; act against如果你违背你父亲的意愿，就不得不离开家。If you go against your fathers wishes, you will have to leave home. 与访问国的习俗顶着干是没用的。 Its no use going against the customs of the country that you are visiting. 说谎有悖于我的原则。L
44、ying goes against my principles.,Company Logo,27. horn1）C a hard, pointed, often curved part that grows from the top of the head of some animals对某些动物来说，角是非常有用的武器。Horns are very useful weapons for some animals.2） C a device for sounding a warning signal公共汽车驾驶员向街上的孩子们鸣（sound）喇叭。The bus driver sounded
45、his horn at the children in the street.,Company Logo,UNCLE SAM,Company Logo,28. liberate ：vt. set sb. or sth. free我们必须尽力把人们从贫穷中解救出来。We must try our best to liberate our people from poverty.这个小软件可以解放你的手指啦！ This small software can liberate your fingers!他们尽最大能力去解放奴隶。They did their best to liberate slav
46、es.,Company Logo,29. reputation：fame这家公司的产品质量在全球享有声誉。The company has a worldwide reputation for quality.博彩(gambling)是否影响了您的名声？Did gambling affect your reputation?你的声誉很高。Your reputation is very high.,Company Logo,30. inspect vt. 1) look at sth. closely or in great detail 检查汽车相撞后，两辆车的司机都下来检查车有无损坏。Afte
47、r the crash both drivers got out and inspected their cars for damage. 老板检查了目前已完成的工作，看起来很满意。The boss inspected the work done so far and seemed quite pleased. 我们想检验一下样品。We want to inspect sample.,Company Logo,2. make an official visit to make sure that rules are being obeyed, work is being done proper
48、ly, etc.视察市长明天要来视察我们学校。The mayor will inspect our school tomorrow.卫生部的官员来视察这个工厂。Health Department officials came to inspect the factory.,Company Logo,31. contract 1) n. C a legal document that states and explains a formal agreement between two different people or groups 合同，契约根据你的雇佣合同条款，如果你想走，必须提前3个月
49、提交辞职通知。According to the terms of your contract you must give three months notice if you intend to leave.v. make a written legal agreement with sb. for a purpose订合同，订契约我们和这家公司签订了在活动期间提供食物的合同。Weve contracted with the company for the food at the event. 该公司签订了一项建造新图书馆的合同.The firm has just been contracte
50、d to build a new library.,Company Logo,32. evolve v. (cause to) develop gradually （使）演变，（使）演化，（使）发展他是怎样形成他自己的独特风格的？ How did him evolve this very personal and original style? 我想这项政策一定是经过一段时间才逐步形成的。I think this policy must have evolved over time.,Company Logo,33. recruit vt. persuade sb. to become a n
