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1、1. take place 物;事做主语 无进行,无被动,1) 发生Was there anybody passing by when the accident took place?2）举行The singer was ill. The performance didnt take place after all.,与place相关短语：,in ones place in place take ones place take the place of .,处于某人的位置, 为某人设身处地想一想在合适的位置, 就位取代, 就位取代，代替,辨析: take place, happen, occu
2、r, break out, come about,take place 指事先计划或预想到的事情的发生。 我们学校的运动会将于下周五举行。 Our school sports meeting is going to take place next Friday.2)happen 偶然或未能预见的发生, 可以和to 连用 或接that引导的从句。 他碰巧没有读过那部小说。 He happened not to have read the novel. It happened that he had read the novel.,3)occur 既可指某事偶然发生, 也指某事按计划发生, 可与h
3、appen互换。也有“突然想起 ” 之意，常与to连用许多事故是发生在家里的。常用于；sth occurs to sb/it occurs to sb that. Many accidents occur in the house. A good idea occurred to him.4) break out 仅用于负面场合, 常用于灾难, 战争, 疾病之类事情的突然爆发。发生了大火/战争爆发了。 A fire / war broke out.,5) come about 属于中性词组, 既可用于表达正面事情的发生, 又可用于表达负面事情的发生。你能告诉我事故是怎样发生的吗？Can you
4、 tell me how the accident came about？,2. beauty beautiful /adj./ 美丽的 beautify /v./美化3. harvest /n./ &/v./ 收获，收割a good harvest 丰收 harvester 收割机/人The farmer hired extra workers for the harvest. We will harvest the fruit in autumn.,4. celebrate /v./ 庆祝We held a party to celebrate our success.celebratio
5、n n.congratulate / v./ 祝贺congratulate sb. on (doing ) sth.I him on passing the exam.congratulation （常加-s）,starve /v./挨饿; 饿死Millions of people starved to death during the war.2) (使某人)得不到某事物而受苦或渴望获得某事物; 缺乏The homeless children were starved for love .3) to feel very hungry 感觉很饿, 仅用于进行时态 When will dinne
6、r be ready? Im starving.starvation n. U 饿死 die of starvation starvation wages 不够维持基本生活的工资,6. origin起源，由来，起因What was the origin of the accident?The origins of life on earth 可用做可数名词或不可数名词, 通常用作复数形式original /adj./ 原始的,7. religious /adj./1）宗教上的，信奉宗教的 Most western people have religious beliefs.很多西方人都有宗教信
7、仰。2) 虔诚的 She is a very religious person.religion /n./ 宗教,8. in memory of 纪念 The museum was built in memory of the famous scientist.,in honor of in praise ofin celebration of in search of in need ofin favour of in charge of,9. belief1)信任; 信心 UI have strong belief in my future.2) 信仰Creligious beliefs
8、宗教信仰 beyond belief 难以置信believe /v./ 相信 believe in 信任,10. dress up盛装，打扮You should dress up when you take part in the party.dress 给穿衣服 dress sb./oneself 打扮某人（自己）Wake up children and dress them. Hurry up and get dressed. （动态）The girl was dressed in red. （静态）,11. trick/n./ 诡计，花招They had to think of a tr
9、ick to get passed the guards.do/perform a trick 玩把戏2) /n./ 窍门，招数Daily practice is the trick in learning a foreign language. 3）/vt./ 欺骗，诈骗She tricked the SnowWhite into eating the poisoned apple.The man tricked the old woman out of all her money.trick sb into sth/doing sth 诱骗某人做某事trick sb. out of sth
10、 诱骗某人某物,12. play a trick/tricks on 捉弄 戏弄. The naughty boy loves playing tricks on others.13. poet 诗人 /n./ Li Bai is a great poet who wrote many famous poems.,14.arrival /n./1）到达，到来The arrival of the train is 9:00.On our arrival at the farm, we were welcomed by the farmers.2) 到达者They went out to welc
11、ome the new arrivals. a new arrival = a babyarrive /v./ 到达 arrive in/at + 地点,15. gain1） 获得He gained full marks in the exam.2) 赢得The scientist gained the respect of his students.No pains, no gains. 一份耕耘，一分收获。,16. independence 独立，自主India gained independence from Britain in 1947. depend /v./dependent /
12、adj./independent /adj./ 独立的，自主的 be dependent on/upon 依靠 be independent of 不受支配的 不依赖的,17. gather1）搜集The writer is gathering materials for his works.2)集合The teacher gathered the students around her.3) 聚集The clouds are gathering. 【辨析】collect 指有计划, 有选择地收集。 He collects stamps.,18. award1）v.授予，判定They awar
13、ded him the title of Hero.Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics.The referee awarded a free kick.2） n. 奖，奖品She got the first award in the English contest.The award for the years best actress was a young woman.,award sb. sth. =award sth to sb.奖赏某人某物辨析: award 和rewardaward后接双宾语 reward 奖赏, 给报酬
14、, 不能接双宾语;reward sb. for sth. 因 奖赏某人；reward sb. with sth. 用某物酬劳某人She rewarded herself with a cup of coffee after a whole mornings hard work.,19. produce/v/ 生产The factory produces 1,000 cars a week. 2）/n/ 产品,尤指农产品The shop sells only fresh local produce. product 产品 production 产量 productive 多产的，生产的 a pr
15、oductive writer 一位多产的作家,20. admire /v./1）钦佩,羡慕We all admire him for his courage and bravery.admire sb. for sth.在某方面钦佩某人2) 欣赏I admire your poems very much .3) 赞美He admired her new dress. admiration /n./,21. look forward to (doing) sth. 期待着(做)某事Children are looking forward to Spring Festival.Hes looki
16、ng forward to hearing from his pen pal.,22. day and night 日夜; 昼夜; 整天Her mother is ill. She has to take care of her day and night in the hospital.,23. clothing 服装（总称，除衣裤还包括鞋帽）an article of clothing 一件衣服The cost of food, clothing and shelter is high.,辨析: cloth, clothes, clothing,cloth 指做衣服等用的材料, 如布料,
17、毛料, 丝绸等, 不可数。“一块布料”是 a piece of cloth.,注意: cloth 指具体用途的布时, 可与冠词连用。 a table cloth 一块桌布 a dish cloth 一块擦碗布,2) clothes 指具体的衣服, 包括上衣, 裤子等, 不能与不定冠词或数词连用, 但可与物主代词, 指示代词, 少数不定代词连用。作主语时, 谓语用复数形式。He wears fine clothes. 他穿着很讲究。,3) clothing 是衣服, 服装的总称, 是集合名词。作主语时候, 谓语动词用单数形式。如果要表示“一件衣服”时, 可以说an article of clot
18、hing 或a piece of clothing, 但不能用 a suit of clothing那家商店卖童装。The shop sells childrens clothing.,24. as thoughas though和as if没有什么区别。as if用得普遍些, 却可引导方式状语从句和表语从句, 其从句谓语常用虚拟语气。1) 引导方式状语从句 She acted as though nothing had happened 她装得好像什么事也没发生过似的。当从句主语和主句主语一致, 从句谓语中又含有动词be时, 可以把主语和 be一起省去。 He looked about as
19、 though (he was) in search of something. 他四处张望, 好像寻找什么。,2) 引导表语从句It looks as if its going to rainas though和as if从句用虚拟语气, 还是用陈述语气, 完全根据具体情况而定。如果从句表示的意思与事实完全相反, 或者纯粹是一种假设, 通常用虚拟语气。The child talks as if she were an adult. He talked as if he had known everything.,25. have fun (with sb) (与某人)玩得开心 We had
20、fun with each other on that day. fun为不可数名词, 没有复数, 也不能加a. make fun of 取笑 for fun read for fun 为了乐趣而读书 /adj./ funny 有趣的,26. custom1)风俗The celebration of the Spring Festival is a custom for Chinese. It is the custom for the Japanese to take off their shoes when they get into a hall.2) 习惯 = habitIt was
21、her custom to rise early. the Customs 海关,27. worldwide 世界性的 Wild life protection has attracted worldwide attention. 野生动物的保护吸引了全世界的注意力。,28. fool/n./ 愚人，白痴，受骗者 I felt a fool when I realized my mistake.2）/v./愚弄，欺骗Youre fooling yourself if you think playing computer games will not affect your studies.,2
22、9. permission /n./允许，许可I asked for his permission to use the car.You have my permission to leave.permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事,30. turn up.1) 出席(某活动), 出现 We planned to meet at 7:00, but he didnt turn up.2) 把(收音机等)音量开大一些Turn up the radio a little, I can hardly hear the program.The teacher turned down
23、 the students proposal(请求）. 拒绝I thought it would rain the next day, but itturned out to be a sunny day.结果是turn off 关掉 turn on 打开turn to sb. for help 向某人求助,31. keep ones word守信，履行诺言I promised my teacher to work hard, I must.=perform ones word.break ones word 失信Dont break your word, otherwise, no one
24、will trust you.word 此处为诺言为不可数名词消息Word came that he had succeeded.,32. hold ones breath= stop breathing for a time 屏住呼吸,The girl held her breath at the sight of the snake. All Americans held their breath to see who would win the election.,take breath 歇会儿get ones breath 喘过气来be out of breath 喘不过气来,brea
25、the /v./,You must apologize to the teacher for being so rude.,33. apologize道歉 say sorryapologize to sb for (doing) sth,apology / n./,表达道歉接受道歉拒绝道歉,make / offer an apologyaccept an apologyrefuse an apology,34. drown (drowned, drowned) / v./淹死Dont play by the river in case you fall and drown.There was
26、a drowning man .(快要淹死的）drowned 已经淹死的2) 浸, 泡,借 消愁 drown ones sorrow/sadness in,The floods drowned the streets and houses.3) 淹没The noise in the street drowned out her voice.,35. obvious /adj./ 明显的, 清楚的His meaning is obvious.1) be obvious + to + 表示人的名词或代词Her disappointment was obvious to her friend.2)
27、It + be + obvious +that-clauseIt is obvious that you are wrong.Obviously, he is telling a lie.,36. wipe1） 擦/抹某物Wipe your hands with the handkerchief.2)把擦掉，抹掉The girl wiped her tears away.3）把擦干The students wiped the floor dry.,37. weep (wept, wept)哭泣，流泪Failing in the exam, the girl wept over/for her
28、bad learning results.,38. set off1)动身, 出发; Tom and his father set off for America yesterday.2)使(地雷、炸弹)爆炸; The bomb set off among the crowd.3)使某物更有吸引力A woman s beauty is set off by her clothes and jewellery.,set about doing sth. 着手(做某事)set in 开始set up 建立, 创立 set down 写下, 记下set somebody to do somethin
29、g. （将要做） 使某人开始工作 set somebody doing something （正在做）使某人处于某种状态,39. remind 提醒, 使想起 remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起 remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 remind sb. that 提醒The photo reminds me of my mother.Remind me to take my books tomorrow.My teacher reminded me that I should finish my homework on time.,What you sai
30、d just now _ me of that American professor.A. mentioned B. informedC. reminded D. memorized,C,40. forgive (forgave, forgiven) /vt./ 原谅, 饶恕Please forgive me, I didnt mean to hurt you.Please forgive me for being late.=please forgive my being late.,forgiving /adj./ 宽仁的, 宽大的forgiveness /n./ 宽恕ask for forgiveness 请求原谅receive forgiveness,
