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1、.,Unit 1 Text I My First JobText II How to do well on a Job Interviewing Listening Comprehension Writing a Diary,.,suburb, summon, awkward, dreary, gabled, ever-green, fume, an air of, disapproval, colonel, grunt, dingy, proceed, margarine, mumble, attach importance to, consist of, appall, split, di
2、smayed, diffidently, protest, get to ones feet, last straw, prospect,test yourself!,.,Step 1 Listening In and Speaking out !,1 Prepare for the new words,2 Listen and try to understand,.,1. When you receive a job offer, what issues must you consider before making a decision?,1). When you receive a jo
3、b offer, you must consider many issues before making a decision, such as: Will the organization be a good place to work? Will the job be interesting? Are there opportunities for advancement? Is the salary fair? Does the employer offer good benefits?,.,Yes, you can ask your potential employer directl
4、y about such issues, and you should also do some checking on your own.,2. Can you ask your potential employer directly about such issues?,3. Why is a job with a lack of opportunities considered a bad offer?,Because a lack of opportunities can dampen interest in the work and result in frustration and
5、 boredom.,.,4. List several sources where you can find information about earnings and benefits.,You can find information about earnings and benefits from your family, friends, or acquaintances who recently were hired in similar jobs. Or you can ask your teachers and the staff in placement offices ab
6、out starting pay for graduates with your qualifications. Help-wanted ads in newspapers sometimes give,.,Because depending on the job, you may or may not be exempt from laws requiring the employer to compensate you for overtime.,5. Why is the organizations policy regarding overtime an important facto
7、r to consider?,.,3. Speaking outWhat kind of job do you think is an ideal job for you?,Work surroundingsInterestOpportunitypotentialSalaryBenefits,.,What kind of personal qualifications do you think you should have?,Mature, competent, experienced reliable, honest, responsible creative, highly-motiva
8、tedIndependent, resourcefulAmbitious, aggressiveEnergetic, open-mindedSociable, selfless/unselfish,.,Step 2 Reading famous sayings,There are no menial (humble) jobs, only menial attitudes. William J. BennettThe supreme accomplishment is to blur the line between work and play. Arnold ToynbeeChoose a
9、job you love, and you will never have to work a day in your life. Confucius 好之者不如乐之者。出自论语雍也,.,If you have a job without any aggravations, you dont have a job. Malcolm S. ForbesFind a job you like and you add five days to every week. H. Jackson BrowneIt is easier to do a job right than to explain why
10、 you didnt. Martin Van Buren与花时间 解释你为什么没有做好相比，直接做好一件工作要简单得多,.,.,Questions on specific details 1,General School Certificate 普通教育证书,General Certificate of Education (GCE) stands for an educational qualification in Britain. There are two levels of examinations in the British GCE. Schoolchildren at the
11、age of 15 or 16 may take any number of examinations in a range of subjects and, after passing the examinations, are awarded “O” Level (ordinary level) GCEs. Students aged 17 or over may take “A” Level (advanced level),Background,.,Questions on specific details 1,examinations, which are necessary for
12、 entrance to a university. The GCE was replaced by General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) in 1988.,.,Reading comprehension,What is the main idea of this passage?,The writer was interviewed by the headmaster of a school and was offered a job which was none too pleasant.,Scanning,.,Scanning
13、,Reorder the Pictures,.,Division of the text,Part one (par.1-2): The author applied for a job and went for an interview.Part two (par.3):A description of the school and its surroundingsPart three (par. 4-9):The interview between the headmaster and the author,.,Questions for discussion:,1. Why did th
14、e writer apply for a teaching post?2. Describe the surroundings of the school.3. Describe the appearance and manners of the headmaster.4. What kind of class was the writer asked to teach?,.,Questions for discussion:,5. What were the teaching arrangements for the writer?6. What was the young mans imp
15、ression of the headmaster? How did he arrive at this?7. Tell what you know about the young man.8. What is the writers purpose in writing this narrative passage?,.,Writing style and structure of the text,It is a piece of Narration. Told in the first person, the text gives a vivid and detailed account
16、 of the authors applying for a job before going to college.,.,Four types of text,Description(描述) is painting a picture in words of a person, place, object, or scene.Narration (记叙)writing includes stories , real or imaginary, biographies, histories, new items, and narrative poems.Exposition(说明) is pe
17、rhaps the type of writing that is more frequently used by a student, a scientist, or a professional, exposition means expounding or explaining.Argumentation(议论) essay tries to make the reader agree with its point of view and support it, to persuade him to change his mind or behavior, and to approve
18、a policy or a course of action that it proposes.,.,Six elements of a Narration,.,A recital contest before the detailed reading,four participants At least three paragraphs Your marks are given according to fluency, pronunciation and correct pause of sentences. Welcome the judges!We choose a champion
19、every week and we will have a final contest at the end of the term. The final champion will get a reward.,.,Language points,While I was waiting to enter university, I saw in a local newspaper a teaching post advertised at a school in a suburb of London about ten miles from where I lived.,I saw a tea
20、ching post advertised at a school in a suburb of London about ten miles from where I lived in a local newspaper.,两条支配英语词序的重要原则，句尾焦点和句尾重心。（End focus and end weight),.,post: n. a job or official position in a company or organization,Guess the meanings of “post” in the following sentences,My uncles hor
21、se was first past the post.,终点或起点,The ship was posted missing.,公布,The post was advertised in todays newspaper.,职位,.,句尾重心原则的主要实现形式如下：1It充当形式主语或形式宾语，后面的真正主语或真正宾语通常是不定式结构、-ing分词结构或名词性分句。例如：Its illegal to drive without a license.It was pleasant meeting you in London that day.It was not known whether the
22、re was gold left in the mine.He made it clear that he didnt want to speak to me.,.,2. SVoO(即“主语+动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”)句型中，一般词序是直接宾语位于间接宾语之后。如果间接宾语较长或结构比较复杂，一般应置于句尾。试比较：You should give them a good example.You should give a good example to your young brothers and sisters.,.,3. SVOC (即“主语+动词+宾语+宾语补语”) 句型中，一般词序
23、是宾语补语在宾语之后，但若宾语过长或比较复杂时一般将宾语移至宾语补语之后。例如：He has proved wrong the forecasts made by the countrys leading economic experts.The teachers of the College English Center are making great efforts to cultivate in their students the habit of speaking English.,.,Being short of money and wanting to do something
24、 useful,The ing participle phrase can be changed into an adverbial clause of cause or reason:-As I was short of money Examples: Being in poor health and lacking in teaching experience, he was dismissed. Not having his telephone number, I couldnt contact him.,be short of: have not enough; lack ;be in
25、 need of be short on: be poorer at, be not so good at 在稍差，在较欠缺 e.g. The book has good information, but is rather short on illustration.She is a nice person, but short on looks.,.,Because I was in bad need of money and was eager to do something of use, I applied for the job. But at the same time that
26、 I did so, I was afraid that the possibility for me to get the job was very small because I didnt have a university degree, nor did I have any teaching experience.,Paraphrase,.,However, three days later a letter arrived, summoning me to Croydon for an interview. It proved an awkward journey: a train
27、 to Croydon station; a ten-minute bus ride and then a walk of at least a quarter of a mile. As a result I arrived on a hot June morning too depressed to feel nervous.,Give me sentences including “summon” a bus ride that takes ten minutesTen-minute is a compound adjective of time formed by combining
28、a cardinal number with a noun in the singular number which are joined by a hyphen.,.,Croydon: a city in Surrey, England, south of London, three days later I received a letter, asking me to go to Croydon to have an interview.,Paraphrase of the italisized part,.,The school was a dreary, gabled Victori
29、an house of red brick and with big staring sash-windows. The front garden was a gravel square; four evergreen shrubs stood at each corner, where they struggled to survive the dust and fumes from a busy main road.,Give sentences including “dreary” and “gabled”.,.,Victorian house:,a house typical of t
30、he time Queen Victoria (18191901) reigned over Britain (18371901),.,sash-window,sash-window:,window of two frames which open by sliding one frame up or down behind or in front of the other 上下推拉窗,Whats your feeling of this environment?,.,It was clearly the headmaster himself that opened the door. He
31、was short and rotund. He had a sandy-coloured moustache, a freckled forehead and hardly any hair. He was wearing a tweed suit one felt somehow he had always worn it and across his ample stomach was looped a silver watch-chain.,1. Explain the words “rotund, ample, and loop” with examples,2. Rewrite t
32、he italicized sentence into ordinary order,The sentence underlined is an fully inverted sentence. 主语放句尾，介词短语被前置,.,He looked at me with an air of surprised disapproval, as a colonel might look at a private whose bootlaces were undone. “Ah yes,” he grunted. “Youd better come inside.”,Explain the meani
33、ng of “air”in this sentence.With an air if importance Air appearance, manner or personal bearing,Paraphrase this sentence,He cast a look at me with the same surprise and dislike as a colonel would look at a soldier when his bootlaces came loose.,.,The narrow, sunless hall smelled unpleasantly of sta
34、le cabbage; the cream-printed walls had gone a dingy margarine colour, except where they were scarred with ink marks; it was all silent. His study, judging by the crumbs on the carpet, was also his dining room. On the mantelpiece there was a salt cellar and pepper-pot.,Could you write a similar para
35、graph about our classroom according to the given paragraph?,.,His study, judging by the crumbs on the carpet, was also his dining room.,所谓垂悬结构（The Dangling Construction）就是一个句子成分，如分词短语，不定式动词短语等，找不到被修饰的主语或被修饰的对象不合逻辑，一般叫做“垂悬分词”，在语法书上叫做“独立主格结构”。另外，值得注意的是“垂悬分词”是没有错的，要和错误的句法“悬垂结构”区别开来。“悬垂结构”是错误的句法，应该避免。,.
36、,三种常见的垂悬结构及其改正方法：,垂悬分词或分词短语，如： Climbing up the hill, several boars were seen.这句子里的现在分词短语（present participial phrase）修饰主语“several boars”是错的；改正方法有二：(a)确定是逻辑主语，使句子变成“Climbing up the hill, the explorers saw several boars.”(b)把现在分词短语扩大为副词分句（也称状语从句）：“When the explorers climbed up the hill, they saw severa
37、l boars/ several boars were seen.”,.,垂悬副词短语，如： After putting a shrimp on the hook, the fish began to bite.这句的副词短语（adverb phrase）和主语“the fish”有什么逻辑关系呢？真正的逻辑主语应该是“the fisherman”或“the angler”才对。改正方法和例同：(a) After putting a shrimp on the hook, the fisherman found that the fish began to bite.(b) After the
38、 fisherman had put a shrimp on the hook, the fish began to bite.,.,垂悬不定式动词短语，如： To write well, a lot of practice is needed. To be a loyal employee, a sense of belonging is a must.这两个句子的不定式动词短语（infinitive phrases）并不能修饰“practice”和“a sense of belonging”，真正的主语必须是“ 人”，如：(a) To write well, one needs a lot
39、 of practice/a person has to practise a lot.(b) To be a loyal employee, he or she must have a sense of belonging.,.,“Youd better sit down,” he said, and proceeded to ask me a number of questions: what subjects had I taken in my General School Certificate; how old was I; what games did I play; then f
40、ixing me suddenly with his bloodshot eyes, he asked me whether I thought games were a vital part of a boys education.,proceed to: do something after doing something else first,Since everyone agrees on the matter, lets proceed to discuss the next point.Before we proceed to examine this part of the ca
41、se, it may be proper to listen to the witness.,.,fixwith盯着看，用(某种眼光)瞧(某人)：Fixing the boy with a steady look, the teacher forced him to tell the truth.老师的目光紧紧盯着学生，迫使他说出了真情。,.,I mumbled something about not attaching too much importance to them. He grunted. I had said the wrong thing. The headmaster and
42、 I obviously had singularly little in common.,attach importance to: lay stress on, give or ascribe importance to,Many companies attach importance to etiquette and manners in addition to individuals abilities and skills.We must attach importance to food safety because it is concerning peoples lives.,
43、.,The headmaster and I obviously had singularly little in common.,Theirpersonalandprofessionalliveshavecollapsed intoasingularlydefined areathatrepresentswhotheyare.,不可思议的,Apparently the headmaster and I had no similar interests or beliefs.,.,The school, he said, consisted of one class of twenty-fou
44、r boys, ranging in age from seven to thirteen. I should have to teach all subjects except art, which he taught himself. Football and cricket were played in the Park, a mile away on Wednesday and Saturday afternoons.,consist of: be made up of, be formed from,.,The way teaching was organized filled me
45、 with terror (or, I was shocked at the teaching arrangements).,The teaching set-up appalled me.Icando somethingfor12hoursthatwouldappallmeif I had tokeepitup for alifetime.,.,I should have to divide the class into three groups of three different levels and teach them one after another.,I should have
46、 to split the class up into three groups and teach them in turn at three different levels.,.,range in from A to B: vary of something between A and B on a scale of measurement or quality,Vacuum cleaners range in price from less than $100 to more than $500.The children at the orphanage range in age fr
47、om infant to 1012 years old.,.,It was not so much having to tramp a mile along the dusty streets of Croydon, followed by a crocodile of small boys that I minded, but the fact that most of my friends would be enjoying leisure at that time.,不是而是It was not so much . But/as. it was not that .but thatIt
48、was not because, but becauseIt was not that we are not willing to go, but that we have no time.,.,I felt troubled not because I had to walk for a mile along the dusty streets of Croydon, followed by a group of boys, but because at that time most of my friends would be having a good time and relaxing
49、.,.,This was the last straw,Straw is very light in weight, but if you increase the burden on the camels back straw by straw, eventually you will put on his back one straw too many and the last straw will break his back.,.,The fact that I would have to work under a woman in future made me feel totall
50、y humiliated.,The prospect of working under a woman constituted the ultimate indignity.Please give me two sentences contain,.,Possible new words and expressions,suburb, summon, awkward, dreary, gabled, ever-green, fume, an air of, disapproval, colonel, grunt, dingy, proceed, margarine, mumble, attac
