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1、八年级英语上册1-5单元小结,Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?,词组：go on vacation stay at home go to the mountains go to the beach visit museums go to summer camp,去度假 待在家里 去爬山 去海滩 参观博物馆 去参观夏令营,quite a fewstudy forgo out most of the timetaste good have a good timeof course feel likego shopping in the past walk ar
2、ound because of,相当多 为而学习 出去 大部分时间尝起来很好吃 玩得高兴 当然 给的感觉；感受到去购物 在过去 四处走走 因为,drink teafind out go on take photos something importantup and down come up buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.taste + adj. look + adj.,喝茶 找出；查明 继续 照相 重要的事 上上下下 出来 为某人买某物 尝起来 看起来,decide to do sth.决定去做某事 forget doing sth.忘记做过某事 forget
3、 to do sth.忘记做某事,start doing sth.开始做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事 keep doing sth.继续做某事Why not do. sth.?为什么不做呢？tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事,1. on vacation 度假 on vacation = on holiday 意为“度假”2. anything interesting 一些有趣的东西1）something，anything，nothing，everything是指物的不定代词。som
4、ebody，someone，anybody，anyone，nobody，everybody，everyone是指人的不定代词。somewhere，anywhere，nowhere，everywhere是指地点的不定代词。2）当形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词时，放在这些词的后面；,3）这些不定代词做主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。如：everybody is here.something，somebody，someone，somewhere用于肯定句及表示请求或建议的疑问句中，而anything，anybody，anyone，
5、anywhere用于否定句及疑问句中。如：Did you do anything interesting? 你做了有趣的事吗？（表疑问）,3. 提建议的句子：What/ how about +doing sth.? 如：What/ How about going shopping? Why dont you + do sth.? 如：Why dont you go shopping?Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why not go shopping? Lets + do sth. 如： Lets go shoppingShall we/ I + do sth.? 如：Shall
6、 we/ I go shopping?4. long time no see 好久不见,7. Still no one seemed to be bored. 仍然没有人感到烦闷。 seem意为“好像；似乎；看来”，是个连系动词，构成的短语有： seem to do sth. 好像做某事 如：They seem to talk in class. 他们似乎上课说话。 seem（to be）+adj. 似乎. 如：He seemed ( to be) ill yesterday. 昨天他似乎病了。 It seems that + 从句 似乎. 如It seems that he was ill
7、yesterday. 昨天他似乎病了。,相似但有区别词语：interested adj. 感兴趣的 interesting adj. 有趣的 surprised adj. 感到惊奇的 surprising adj. 惊奇的 tired 累的 tiring 令人疲惫的 excited 兴奋的 exciting 令人兴奋/激动的 amazed 惊讶的 amazing 令人惊讶的worried 担忧的 worrying 令人担心的relaxed 放松的 relaxing 令人放松的bored 烦躁的 boring 令人烦躁的,11. decide 意为“决定”，是动词。它的名词形式为decision
8、。构成的短语有： decide to do sth. decide on doing sth. 决定做某事 make a decision to do sth.决定不要做某事，要用decide not to do sth.。如：Li Lei has decided to go to Beijing . 李雷已经决定去北京。 Its only 19:00. we decide _ home A going B go to C not to go D not to go to,17.enough 足够形容词enough 如：beautiful enough足够漂亮enough名词如：enough
9、food 足够食物enough to 足够去做如：I have enough money to go to Beijing. She is old enough to go to school. 她够大去读书了,系动词与形容词连用The weather stays very hot。天气非常热。 He seems very clever。 他好像很聪明,语法 一般过去时,1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如： Where did you go
10、just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了？He ate junk food last week .(改为否定句),一般过去时,2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。例如：He was already in the habit of reading widely in his boyhood.他童年时就养成了广泛阅读的习惯。We went swimming every day last summer.去年夏天我们每天去游泳。He often came to see me when I was in hospital.在我住院期间，他经常来看我。,一般过去时,谓语动词变过去式的规则：动词情况
11、构成方式例词一般情况加-ed ：playplayed, workworked，looklooked以 -e 结尾的动词加-d ：livelived，hopehoped, arrivearrived以辅音字母 -y 结尾的动词变y为i加-ed ：studystudied，crycried，replyreplied以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节的动词双写辅音字母加-ed ：stopstopped，regretregretted，patpatted，nodnodded，planplanned不规则动词不规则变化（见附表）beginbegan，,一般过去时,一般过去时态的否定和疑问：1）谓语是实义动词
12、时，要借助于助动词didWe didnt see anything wonderful yesterday .Did they finish their homework last Sunday ?She didnt do any work this morning .When did he come to your school ?2)谓语中有be或情态助动词时，不再另加其它助动词：There wasnt anything important in yesterdays newspaper.Could he arrive there on time ?,Unit2 How often do
13、you exercise?,help with housework on weekends how often hardly everonce a week twice a month be freego to the moviesuse the Internet play tennisstay up late at least,帮助做家务 在周末 多久一次 几乎从不每周一次 每月两次 有空 去看电影 用互联网 打网球熬夜；睡得很晚 至少,have dance and piano lessons go to bed early play sportsgo campingnotat all in
14、 ones free timethe most popularsuch as,上舞蹈课和钢琴课早点睡觉 进行体育活动 去野营一点儿也不 在某人的业余时间 最受欢迎的 比如；诸如,old habits die hard go to the dentistmore thanless thanhelp sb. with sth. How about? want sb. to do sth.,积习难改 去看牙医多于；超过 少于帮助某人做某事 .怎么样?好不好？.想让某人做某事 某人发现,spend time on sth/ (in) doing sth.Its+ adj.+ to do sth. 做某
15、事是的。ask sb. about sth.向某人询问某事 the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式,3. How often do you watch TV? 你多久看一次电视？ Twice a week. 一周两次。how often表示“多久一次”，是对动作的频率进行提问。可用于回答表示频率的副词，如always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never等，或用于回答表示频率的短语，如once a day (一天一次)，twice a week (一周两次)，four times a month (一个月四次)，e
16、very day (每一天)等。如： do you surf the Internet?Once a week AHow many times BHow often CWhen DHow much,(4) How about? 如何？ 怎么样？ How about going to the movies?(5)how long 询问多长时间，其答语表示一段时间，如：for two days，for three hours等。 How long will it take to get to the station？ About half an hour。(6)how soon 用来询问过多久，多
17、久以后，其答语是in two hours，in three days等。 How soon wil he come back？ In an hour,（2）health名词， healthy 形容词 My grandmother is over 80 years old, but she is very _. We should keep in good _.我们要保持健康。We keep 8. ask sb. (not) to do 叫(不)做某事 ask sb. for help 向某人求助,go online上网”，help with sth. 如：They help with this
18、 problem. help sb. （to）do sth. 如：They help you relax. 他们帮助你放松11. at least 最少,14. although “尽管；虽然”，表示转折关系，与but “虽然但是”，although和but不能同时使用， Although I get up early, I cant catch the early bus. I get up early, but I cant catch the early bus.,12. be surprised 意为“惊讶” 构成的短语有 be surprised to do sth惊讶做某事 be
19、surprised that + 从句 to ones surprise 令某人惊讶的是如： to their surprise令他们惊讶的是to Li Leis surprise令李雷惊讶的是13. stay up 熬夜如, Why do you look unhappy, Lucy? I cant learn math well I always work hard. A. becauseB. and C. although D. soThe best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式 原形good 比较级better 最高级best 如：I think the best w
20、ay to relax is to listen to music. 我认为最好的休闲方式是听音乐。,一、一般现在时,一般现在时主要用来表示每天、每周等经常一直如此，长期进行下去的动作，其着眼点不在描述具体的动作，而是通过提出不断反复的动作，来说明某一真理或某一经常性习惯性的举动。,一般现在时的几种主要用法,1）一般现在时表示客观事实、客观存在的普遍真理、用于一般现在时的时间状语常见的有：often， usually，always，sometimes， seldom，ever，never，every day（week，month，year）， once a year，now and them，
21、from time to time。例如：The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China.,地球绕太阳转动。,上海位于中国东部。,2）表示现在习惯性的、经常重复的或定期发生的动作或存在的状态。,I leave home for school at 7 every morning. We go to school every day except on Sunday注意第三人称单数.Lily often goes to school on foot.She usually helps her mother do
22、 the housework.,一般现在时态的几点注意：,动词形式的变化。该时态主要由动词原形表示，但第三人称单数后要加词尾-s或 -es，be (am, is , are) have( has ) 。一般情况在词尾加-s ,包括以“元音字母+y”结尾的词 workworks, runruns, playplays 在以ch，sh，x，s等辅音字母或以元音字母o结尾的词加-es，如词尾为-e，只加-s missmisses, finishfinishes, teachteaches, loseloses, livelives go-goes do-does以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，先变y为
23、i，在加-es studystudies , try-tries,一般现在时态的几点注意：,表示否定和疑问时：1) 助动词dodoesHe doesnt like his new school.Does he speak English well ? Do you/they-?Where does she live ?Where do they live ?2)谓语中有be动词或情态助动词的，不能再加其它助动词There isnt any rice in the bag .We cant do anything but wait.Where are you now ?,Unit3 Im mor
24、e outgoing than my sister,more outgoing asas the singing competitionbe similar tothe same asbe different fromcare about be like a mirrorthe most important,更外向 与一样 唱歌比赛 与相像的/类似的 相同；与一致 与不同关心；介意 像一面镜子 最重要的,make friendsthe othertouch ones heart be talented in musicbe good at be good for be good withhav
25、e fun doing sth.be good at doing sth,交朋友 其他的感动某人 有音乐天赋擅长 对有好处 善于与相处享受做某事的乐趣 擅长做某事,reach for in fact bring outget better gradesas long asmake sb. do sthas+adj./adv+as Its+ adj.+ for sb. to do sth.,伸手取 事实上；实际上 显现；使表现出 取得更好的成绩只要；既然.让某人做某事与一样 对某人来说，做某事的。,1.He has shorter hair than Sam. “比较级 + than” 表示“比
26、.更.”。要注意比较的对象。如：I am taller than Jim. His hair is shorter than Sams. This book is more interesting than that one.,备注：（1）much+比较级very,quite, so, really+原级 (2) 比较级+and +比较级（越来越.) 如 taller and taller或more and more popular,8. laugh at sb. 笑话；取笑（某人） bothand两者都（复数谓语） as long as 只要；既然。 be different from“ 与
27、.不同的be the same as “和一样”。,takeseriouslyserious 意为“严肃的；认真的；严重的” be serious about sth. 如： He was serious about the matter.,15. touch ones heart 感动某人16. be talented in music 有音乐天赋17. however 意为“然而；但是”19. be similar to.意为“与.相似”。,Unit4 Whats the best movie theater?,movie theater close to clothes storein
28、townso far talent show10 minutes by bus.and so onhave. in common,电影院 离近 服装店 在镇上 到目前为止 才艺表演 坐公共汽车10分钟的路程 .等等 共同；共有,be up to sb. (to do sth.)make up be made up play a role in doing sth for examplearound the worldall kinds of,是的职责；由决定(去做某事）编造（故事、谎言等，人做主语） 被编造（事物做主语）在方面发挥作用/有影响 例如世界各地；全世界 各种各样的,come tru
29、e（梦想、希望）实现；达到How do you like? 你认为怎么样？ =What do you think of.?Thanks for doing sth.因做某事而感谢。,lay a role in doing sth.发挥做某事是作用/在做某事方面扮演重要的角色one of the +最高级+名词复数 （最.之一，做主语时看做单数)如One of the longest rivers in China is the Yellow River.Jim is taller than any other boy in his class . (改同义句),Unit5 Do you wan
30、t to watch a game show?,learn from从获得；向学习 find out查明；弄清 go on发生 try ones best尽某人最大努力 be famous as+职业 作为有名 be famous for+原因 因为而有名have a discussion about sth. 就某事讨论 discuss sth. with sb.与某人讨论某事dress up打扮；梳理 take sb.s place代替；替换do a good job干得好,let /make/have sb. do sth.让某人做某事 plan to do sth.计划/打算做某事 m
31、ake plans 制定计划 hope to do sth.希望做某事happen to do sth.碰巧做某事 expect to do sth.盼望做某事 How about doing?做怎么样？ get/be ready to do sth.准备/乐于做某事 try ones best to do sth.尽力做某事 I cant stand (doing) sth. 不能忍受（做）某事。want sb. (not) to do sth.,语法 -动词不定式做宾语,want,hope,expect,plan,would like,agree +to do to dolike,love
32、,begin,start+ doing, 意思无太大差别 to doforget,remember,try,stop+ doing,意思有差别,初中英语教材里后接动名词和不定式作宾语的动词,一、有些动词只能接不定式做宾语或宾补。 ask sb. to do sth. tell sb. to do sth. wish sb to do sth. hope to do sth. decide to do sth. help sb. (to) do sth. expect to do sth,二、有些动词或短语只接动名词（doing)做宾语：,Mind doing sthEnjoy doing sthkeep (on) doing sthstand(忍受) doing sthhave fun doing sth.,
