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1、13 诗词三首,饮 酒（其五）陶渊明,行路难(其一)李白,李白(701762)，字太白，号青莲居士。唐代浪漫主义诗人，有“诗仙”之称。他的作品善于从民间汲取营养，想象丰富奇特，风格雄健奔放，色调瑰奇绚丽，是我国文学史上继屈原之后又一位伟大的浪漫主义诗人。代表作：将进酒望庐山瀑布蜀道难等。著有李太白全集。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
2、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
3、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,行路难(其一)：选自李太白全集卷三(中华书局1977年版)。此诗是天宝三年(744年)，李白遭受谗毁排挤，愤而离开京城时所作。,有感情地朗读课文，注意节奏。,行路难(其一)李白金樽清酒斗十千，玉盘珍羞直万钱。停杯投箸不能食，拔剑四顾心茫然。欲渡黄河冰塞川，将登太行雪满山。闲来垂钓碧溪上，忽复乘
4、舟梦日边。行路难，行路难，多歧路，今安在？长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才
5、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才
6、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,行路难(其一)李白金樽清酒斗十千，玉盘珍羞直万钱。停杯投箸不能食，拔剑四顾心茫然。,樽：盛酒的器具。斗十千：一斗值十千钱（即万钱），形容酒美价贵。珍羞：珍贵的菜肴。羞，同“馐”，美味的食物。直：同“值”，价值。箸：筷子。茫然：若有所失的样子。,金樽清酒斗十千，玉盘珍羞直万钱。停杯投箸不能食，拔剑四顾心茫然。,诗意：,金酒杯里的清醇美酒，玉盘里装满价值万钱的佳肴。(我)放下杯子和筷子，不能下咽，拔出剑来，四处看看，心中一片茫然。,停 投 拔 顾,欲渡黄河冰塞川，将登太行雪满山。闲来垂钓碧溪上，忽复乘舟梦日边。,塞：堵塞。
7、太行：太行山，在现在山西、河南、河北三省交界处。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路
8、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路
9、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,欲渡黄河冰塞川，将登太行雪满山。闲来垂钓碧溪上，忽复乘舟梦日边。,诗意：,想渡过黄河，可坚冰封住了河面，想要登上太行山，但大雪盖满了山。闲时坐在碧溪上垂钓，忽又想象在梦中乘船从日边经过。,冰塞川 雪满山,行路难，行路难，多歧路，今安在？长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海。,歧路：岔路，大路上分出来的小路。今安在：如今身在何方？也可理解为：现在要走的路在哪里？会：一定，必然。云帆：高高的帆。济：渡。,行路难，行路难，多歧路，今安在？长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海。,诗意：,行路艰难，行路艰难，岔路这么多，如今身处何方？终有一天，我会乘长风破万里浪，（
10、到那时）我将挂起风帆渡过茫茫大海。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,
11、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,
12、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,细细体会诗歌，回答问题：,1.诗歌前四句表现了什么情景？,李白离别京城，朋友们为他设宴饯行，而且宴席十分豪华。然而嗜酒的诗人对此美酒佳肴却“不能食”“心茫然”，此中包含了诗人极度愤懑、抑郁不平的心情。,2.如何理解“长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海”？,李白作为一个心怀远大政治抱负的人，他相信尽管前路障碍重重，但终有一天会乘长风破万里浪，挂上云帆，横渡沧海，到达理想的彼岸。“破”“挂”富有动感，充满气势，让人们强烈地感受到诗人的执着、自信 ，虽身处逆境仍保持乐观进取的人生态度。这两句诗是全篇的最强音，抒发了作者的怀才不遇，悲愤中不乏豪迈气概。,3.在本诗中诗人
13、的思想感情经历了怎样的变化？,从怀才不遇和仕途不顺的苦闷对前途的茫然 对未来的希望和坚定的信念,这首诗借行路难来描写人生道路的坎坷，既反映了诗人仕途失意的抑郁苦闷，又表现了诗人乐观、自信的人生态度及执着追求理想的坚定信念。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元
14、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元
15、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,行路难（其一）,停杯不食，拔剑茫然,坚信理想积极乐观,冰塞黄河，大雪满山,垂钓碧溪，乘舟日边,长风破浪，挂帆济海,苦恼,艰难,希望,追求,1.用典精当。 诗中“闲来垂钓碧溪上，忽复乘舟梦日边”两句诗连用两个典故，诗人自比姜尚、伊尹，表达自己渴望得到明君赏识从而施展才能和抱负的愿望。“长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海”，诗人自比宗悫，可见其远大志向。,2.虚实结合，想象雄奇。
16、诗人展开想象的翅膀，一会儿飞到“冰塞川”的黄河，一会儿飞到“雪满山”的太行，一会儿想到碧溪垂钓、乘舟日边，一会儿又回到“多歧路”的现实，一会儿又要乘风破浪，高挂云帆远渡沧海。从上古写到未来，从现实写到幻境，虚实结合，想象雄奇。,酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠刘禹锡,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
17、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
18、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,刘禹锡(772842)，字梦得，洛阳(今河南洛阳)人。唐代文学家，有“诗豪”之称。曾任太子宾客，世称刘宾客。刘禹锡的咏史诗十分为人称道。这些诗以精炼的文字和意象，表现他阅尽沧桑后的沉思。他的散文长于说理，著有刘梦得文集。,本诗选自刘禹锡集卷三十一(中华书局1990年版)。唐顺宗永贞元年(805)，刘禹锡因参与王叔文集团的政治改革，失败后被贬
19、到外地做官二十多年。唐敬宗宝历二年(826)，刘禹锡被罢免和州刺史，返回洛阳，途经扬州时与白居易相会。白居易在酒席上写了醉赠刘二十八使君，对刘禹锡屡遭贬谪、怀才不遇的命运寄予深切的同情，刘禹锡写作此诗答谢白居易。,有感情地朗读课文，注意节奏。,酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠刘禹锡巴山楚水凄凉地，二十三年弃置身。怀旧空吟闻笛赋，到乡翻似烂柯人。沉舟侧畔千帆过，病树前头万木春。今日听君歌一曲，暂凭杯酒长精神。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
20、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
21、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠刘禹锡巴山楚水凄凉地，二十三年弃置身。怀旧空吟闻笛赋，到乡翻似烂柯人。,巴山楚水：诗人曾贬谪四川夔州，湖南朗州，故称巴山楚水。弃置身：指遭受贬谪的诗人自己。闻笛赋：指西晋向秀所
22、作的思旧赋。烂柯人：指晋人王质。,巴山楚水凄凉地，二十三年弃置身。怀旧空吟闻笛赋，到乡翻似烂柯人。,诗意：,巴山楚水这片荒凉的地方，二十三年来我被弃置(在这里)安身。怀念朋友只能独自吟诵思旧赋 ，回到家乡，好像隔世之人。,沉舟侧畔千帆过，病树前头万木春。今日听君歌一曲，暂凭杯酒长精神。,歌一曲：指白居易的醉赠刘二十八使君。长：增长，振作。,诗意：,沉船旁边有千万条船驶过，枯树前头有万木争春。今天听你赠歌一曲，暂且借酒来振作起精神吧。,细细体会诗歌，回答问题：,1.首联中诗人是如何抒情的？表达了诗人怎样的思想感情？,刘禹锡没有直接倾诉自己长期遭贬的强烈不平，而是通过“凄凉地”和“弃置身”这些字句
23、，让读者感觉到他抑制已久的愤激心情。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路
24、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路
25、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,2.赏析诗句“沉舟侧畔千帆过，病树前头万木春”。,运用比喻对偶的修辞手法，借“千帆过”“万木春”的自然景物的变化暗示社会的发展和新陈代谢的自然规律。这两句本是诗人感叹身世的愤激之语，但客观上形象地揭示了新陈代谢的自然规律，蕴含深刻的哲理。同时，也表现出诗人豁达开朗的心境和乐观向上的精神。,这首诗抒发了作者二十多年转徙巴山楚水的坎坷遭遇和无限感慨，流露出被长期贬谪弃置的无限辛酸和愤懑不平之情，表现出作者不甘沉沦、奋发昂扬的进取精神和达观态度。,酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠,首联：回顾贬谪生活,坚定乐观豁达进取,颔联：感慨世事变迁,颈联：预示发展前景,尾联：与友乐观
26、共勉,1.层层递进，结构严谨。 首联写诗人长期被贬的遭遇，为全文定下了愤激的基调，颔联通过写向秀悼念嵇康的典故及王质回乡竟恍如隔世的情景，使愤激之情进一步深化。颈联宕开一笔，借自然景物暗示社会发展，由沉郁伤感的心境为慷慨激昂的气概。尾联笔锋陡转，答谢友人并与其共勉，表现坚定意志和乐观精神。全诗层层深入，言简意深。,2.用典恰当，寓理深刻。 颔联引用历史典故自然贴切，借向秀、王质的典故表达了诗人被贬谪的悲痛心情和对岁月蹉跎的感慨，含义十分丰富。“沉舟侧畔千帆过，病树前头万木春”，将人生哲理寓于自然景物中，暗示随着社会的发展，新事物必将代替旧事物，表明诗人积极乐观的精神。,水调歌头苏轼,状元成才路
27、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路
28、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,苏轼(10
29、371101)，字子瞻，自号东坡居士，四川眉山人。与父苏洵、弟弟苏辙同位于“唐宋八大家”之列。他是北宋中期的文坛领袖，在散文、诗、词、书、画等方面成就都很高。其诗现存于世的约340余首。其词引领豪放一派，豪壮雄浑，其诗清新雄健。著有东坡全集。,本文选自东坡乐府笺卷一(上海古籍出版社2009年版)。本词写于宋神宗熙宁九年(1076)。当时作者被贬至密州，政治上失意潦倒，与弟弟苏辙也已七年不见，中秋对月，心情抑郁惆怅，遂作此词。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状
30、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状
31、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,有感情地朗读课文，注意节奏。,水调歌头苏轼 丙辰中秋，欢饮达旦，大醉，作此篇，兼怀子由。 明月几时有？把酒问青天。不知天上宫阙,今夕是何年。我欲乘风归去，又恐琼楼玉宇，高
32、处不胜寒。起舞弄清影，何似在人间。 转朱阁，低绮户，照无眠。不应有恨 ，何事长向别时圆？人有悲欢离合，月有阴晴圆缺，此事古难全。但愿人长久，千里共蝉娟。,水调歌头苏轼 丙辰中秋，欢饮达旦，大醉，作此篇，兼怀子由。（词前小序）,宋神宗熙宁九年(1076)。,苏轼的弟弟苏辙的字。,明月几时有？把酒问青天。不知天上宫阙,今夕是何年。我欲乘风归去，又恐琼楼玉宇，高处不胜寒。起舞弄清影，何似在人间。,什么时候。,端起酒杯。把，执、持。,晚。,回到天上去。,宫殿。,美玉砌成的楼宇，指想象中的月中仙宫。,经受不住。,哪里比得上。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
33、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
34、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,转朱阁，低绮户，照无眠。不应有恨 ，何事长向别时圆？人有悲欢离合，月有阴晴圆缺
35、，此事古难全。但愿人长久，千里共蝉娟。,朱红色的楼阁。,雕花的窗户。,动词做名词，没有睡意的人，指诗人自己。,为什么。,本意指妇女容颜美好的样子，这里指月亮。,细细体会诗歌，回答问题：,1.“高处不胜寒” 有怎样深刻的含义？,这句词不仅指经受不住高处的寒冷，还包括不愿回朝廷做官，厌恶朝中的党派相争、勾心斗角；没有志同道合的朋友的孤单冷清；经受不住人世间的人情冷暖，世态炎凉等含义。,2.“人有悲欢离合，月有阴晴圆缺，此事古难全”如何理解这几句？,从个人的悲欢离合变化引出月亮的盈亏变化。月亮的阴晴圆缺，犹如人的悲欢离合，是必然的规律。既如此，就不必叹息和悲伤了，表现了词人心胸开阔、洒脱旷达的一面。
36、,3.“但愿人长久，千里共婵娟”表现了词人怎样的思想感情？,只要人能平安幸福，虽分隔千里，但共赏这一轮明月，并互致慰藉不也是一种团聚吗？这是词人的自我安慰，也是对亲人的劝导，同时也是对自己政治遭遇的自我宽解。表现出词人豁达的胸襟与豪迈的情怀。表达了对天下离别之人的美好祝愿。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,
37、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,
38、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,这首词上阕写词人对月饮酒，下阕写对月怀人。反映了词人宦海失意的苦闷，也表现了词人对美好生活的向往和乐观旷达的胸襟。,水调歌头,望月问天（写景）,热爱生活乐观旷达,想象：明月宫阙,借景抒情 情景交融,怀人问月（抒情）,联想：月圆人合,议论升华 富有哲理,1.情景交融，寓哲理于议论之中。 全篇将写景、议论、抒情融为一体，作者由皎皎明月而怀念亲人，由阴晴圆缺感悟人生并非无憾事，使全词意境优美，又富于哲思、情蕴。,2.想象丰富，境界旷达。 作者由举杯问月，想象天上宫阙胜景，叙述身世之感与思想矛盾；由思念亲人扩展到人类普遍的情感、体验，抒发人生无常，并非无憾事的感喟。想象丰富，富于浪漫色彩。,
