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1、自然拼读法（Phonics),自然拼读法(Phonics)”认为：单词不是由字母组成的,而是由音组成的,而音是由字母或者是字母组合组成的。所以字母的发音才是老外们具备了见到单词会读、听到读音会拼写的能力。,自然拼读法（Phonics),“自然拼读法”就是让孩子知道26个字母每个字母都有自己的LetterName（字母的名字）LetterSound（就是字母在词汇中的发音）,Blending（字母组合的发音)；LetterName：字母的名字，26个字母的字母歌中唱的就是字母的名字。LetterSound:就是字母在词汇中的发音，比如A，字母a在apple中的发音。Blending:字母组合的发
2、音。,只要通过大量的听、读,记住这些拼读规律就可以具备跟老外们一样的见到单词会读、听到读音会拼写的能力通常经过100小时的听读训练基本可以掌握此项技能。,音素感知（Phoneme Awareness）,音素是口语中最小的语音单位，它能使词语产生差异。作为阅读教学的目的，一个音素就是由一个或几个印刷字母构成的单音。音素感知是音韵意识中最为复杂的一部分，它包括押韵、拆分单词和句子，是识别口语音素,以及怎样分离（拆分）、组合（还原）和巧妙运用（增加，删除和替换）音素的能力。,1. segments,1. How many sounds do you hear? cup, bat, this2. Wh
3、at is the last sound for “man” ? What is the first sound of “boy” ? What is the middle sound “got” ?3. Drag each sound into the box “chip” . 4. Drag /match the picture on the top to the picture on the bottom with the same end sound ? Drag/match the picture on the top to the picture on the bottom wit
4、h the same begining sound.,bookhelicopterSupermancupcake,2.Blends,Try, train, truckSwing, sweet, swim,3. voewls,Ants, apeElephant, eatIgloo, iceOn, okayUp. UseGood, wait and see,音素感知（Phoneme Awareness）,“学习听辨单词中的音、熟练处理这些音、拆分这些音对我的学生来说都是非常重要的。我一天要花15-20分钟时间和我的学生们一起做这些练习，来确保他们有音素感知的基石以增加他们作为读者的成功体验。我明白
5、这样做的好处不仅仅是提高他们的音素感知，而且我的学生将能够更加有准备地阅读单词和理解他们所阅读的内容。同样重要的是，我正在教他们怎样去听音以便如同他们拼和写一样变得更加准确。”（Maragret Fischer),Phoneme exercises:How many words?,Dog and cat were friends.I can see the box.Her house is red.She can see the moon. Can you smell the dog?A pig can be a hog.Stand in line.He sat on his bed.I di
6、d my math fast.,Phoneme exercises,-Find the words with short sounds.Cat, dog, toe-Find the words with the same long vowel sound, night, sit or sew.-Which word says block?Black, bloke, block-Find something starts with “k”.Crayon, car, cameraa-Find the words which with the sound “th”.Bath, thumb, flow
7、er-Listen to this word, sh, ow, is it own, shone, show.-Which is the correct way to separate can, pack, shoe.,Lake bagHate badPage sadDate mapTake hatTable capFace cat,Late actSale gladThank skateLake actorTap sadRat plateAte pat,游戏规则寻找“a”发音相同的单词，共分为两组，用不同的颜色标出图形。Mass tab paceSat pat hasteLad case s
8、tateLatter shade spade,自然拼读（Phonics）,“由于未能充分理解新课程标准，许多英语老师在进行词汇教学时忽略了语音的教学，造成学生只能被老师牵着鼻子走，只能跟着老师拼读，而不能利用语音知识进行词汇的自学，既限制了教师的教学，更限制了学生自主的学习。在初一不打好语音的基础，将会给以后的英语学习留下严重的“后遗症”，初三还要求补上语音课。失去良好机会，其后果是：学生念不准单词缺乏自学能力，学习英语的兴趣锐减，最后导致放弃不学。”,自然拼读（Phonics）,“那种完全口语化教学或模仿式教学都会让学生过的知道，老师变成“英语鹦鹉”，只知道模仿，老师教过的知道，没教的或变种
9、说法，学生就不知所云了，结果增加学生英语学习负担，把英语学死了。”,自然拼读（Phonics）,学生两极分化最根本的原因是由于学生语音没有过关造成的。而英语教学最头疼的就是语音教学，学好语音是英语学习入门的关键，也是练好听说读写基本功的基础，过了语音关，才能培养学生自学能力，进而建立学习、自学、循环三个体制。,自然拼读教学,Stage 1: 音素感知 (Phoneme awareness)Stage 2: 字母 (Letter sound)Stage 3: 连缀 (Consonants blends)Stage 4: 组合 (Vowels combination),B,Bee, bird, b
10、earBag, bed, book Boat boneB-ag, ell, end, igit, ob, ox, ug.自然拼读法,C,Can, cat, coat, candyCake, coke, cook, car,D,Dad, doll, desk, dogDoor, duck, dice, deerD-ad, an, id, ig, uck,F,Fox, food, foot, fingerFan, face, fire, fishFan, at, ed, ell ig, it, og, ox,G,Girl, god, game, gunGate, goose, goat, gift
11、Gap, as, od, ot, um un,H,Hot, hen, hair, houseHat, hill, hand, horseHat, elp, en,im,it,op,ot,um,ut,J,Jam, juice, jelly, juneJet, jar, jump, jeepJet, ig, im, ob, ab, am ell,K,Key, kite, kiss, kindKid, kick, kitty, kingKick, id, ill,im,L,Lamp, lace, leg, letterLeaf, lion, lock, lookLAmb,amp, eg, et, o
12、ck, ot, uck, ug,M,Man, map, mop, milkMeat, moon, mouse, mangoMad, ap, ell, en, mill, it, od, op, um, ot, un, ut,N,Net, now, nest, nailNut, nose, name, nurseN,P,Pot, pig, panda, peachPen, play, park, pearPat, ass, en et, ick, ig, op, ot,Q,Quiz, quick, quitQuiet, quilt, queen,R,Rat, race, rain, robotR
13、ing, rose, rope, rabbitRan, at, ed, ib, ock, od, ub, un,S,Sun, sad, sing, snowSky, seal, star, swanSam, at ell, et, ick, it, un,T,Tap, top, ten, teaTableTap, ax, ell, en, im, ip, od, op,V,Vine, van, vote, violinVisa, voice, vase, valley,W,Web, watch, winter, windowWind, water, wood, witchWick, ig, a
14、m, ap, ell,es,Y,Yarn, yoke, young, yo-yoYou, yarn, yard, yearYam, ap, ell, es,Z,Zone, zoom, zipperZoo, zero, zebraZag, en ip,a,Cat, fat, sat, hat, rat/ Can, man, pan, ran/Lap, tap, cap, mapDad, had, bad, sad/Lag, tag, sag, wag, bagJam, ham ram, yam Dan has a cat.Dad has an ax.A fat cat sat on a sad
15、rat.Dad and Dan ran on sand.Sam has ham and jam.Dan has a cap and a bag.The man ran fast.Max ran as fast as the man.,a,Bake, cake, lake, make, sake, stake, shakeCame, lame, name, dame, same, tameBane, cane, dane, fane, lane, mane, paneFade, make, bade, jade, lade, wade, tradeDave, gave, pave, save,
16、bave, caveTate will bake a cake for Janes sake.Tate has a date with Kate. But Kate is late. My pal is pale.,This is pam. Pam sees a man. His name is James.Pam and James had a date. Pam made a cake. They ate the cake by the lake.,At, cap, map我家dad, 脾气bad, 让我sad, 有只cat, 非常fat, 专吃rat。Name, game, plane放
17、下plate， 赶到gate， 已经late， 清晨wake， 来到lake，钩上snake.,e,Hen, men, pen, tenBell, fell, tell, well, hellGet, let, met, petFed, led, red, Ted, bedBeg, leg, Meg, PegTed met Peg.Peg fed the pet.The pet has ten legs.,Peg had a red pet.Dont get the pet wet.Ted had a bell. Peg had a well. The bell fell.Teds bell
18、fell into Pegs well.Jen went to the west. Can Ken tell Jen to send a vest?Ken and Peg met a ten-legged pet.,e,He, we, beEve, steve, ChinesePete, these, JapaneseThis is Pete.This is Steve.Pete and Steve are Chinese.,Egg, ten, red撇下net， 鱼没get， 衣服wet， 为捉pest， 从不rest， 本领best.,i,Dip, hip, lip, tipFin, pi
19、n, tin, winBit, fit, hit, sitFill, hill, mill, pillBig, dig, fig, pigBid, did, hid, lid, kidJim is a big kid.,Jill is ill.Bill hid her pill.Will Bill tell Jill?His pig is big.Jim bit his pig.Jim and Tim ran with the hen.Jill hid the cat in her hat.The pot is on the top of the box.Jon can hop on a lo
20、g.Tods fox is in Bobs box.Can Tom hop?Tom can hop on and off the log.,i,Ride, side, wide, hide, sideBine, wine, vine, fine, mineLike, bike, mike, pike, dikeFive, hive, dive, liveTire, fire, hireMile, tile, pileI like to ride on a bike.I can ride a bike and I can slide.It is fine to hide the kite.Mik
21、e and I like to ride on bikes.,I am Mike and I am fine.I have wine and the wine is mine.I am Hine and I am tired. I have a pike and the pike can bite.I see Mike, and Mike can dive. He can dive in the morning at five.,It, kid, pink一只pig， 非常big， 把洞dig， 没给tip， 把我lip， 装上zip.Ice, nice, time一只kite， 颜色whit
22、e， 被狗bite， 学会ride，妈妈pride.,o,Got, hot, lot, not, potCod, nod, pod, sodBox, fox, pox, soxCob, job, mob, robHop, pop, top, chop, shopThe pot is on the top of the box.Jon can hop on a log.Tods fox is in Bobs box.Hop, hop, hop!Dan can hop on and off the box.Can Tom hop?Tom can hop on and off the log.,o,
23、Coke, poke, joke, moke, wokeHole, pole, cole, boe, moleBone, cone, hone, pone, tonePose, cose, hose, nose, rose, doseSore, tore, bore, core, storeHome, dome, pome, Rome, tome,You can water the rose with the hose.Rome is not my home.Rose rode with a rod.Dont mope! Have some hope!Joe will hum if Ron h
24、as to mop.I see a bloke.Drinking a coke.But when I woke,Tone has a bone and a cone.Hone has pone and a phone.Tone and HoneLike to be in the zone.,Hop, mop, nod清晨jog， 带上dog， 踩到frog，轻轻hop， 跳上top， 唱起 pop.Bone, note, hole把眼close， 用我nose， 去闻rose， 喝着coke， 听着joke， 把腰broke.,u,Bun, fun, gun, run, sunBug, dug
25、, hug, jug, rug, tugGum, hum, sum, mum, bumBut, cut, nut, rutDub, rub, sub, tubThis is a bug.The bug had the bun and the nut.The bug got mud on the rug.His bug can hum and run.The bus ride is fun.,u,Use, fuse, muse, Cute, mutePure, cureCube, tubeSue put a tube in a tub.Luke gave us a fuse to use.Thi
26、s tube is on the cube.This mule has a cure.,Us, cup, jump举着gun， 瞄准sun， 不停run，小小bug, 把我hug.Tune, cube, fuse找个excuse， 借车use， 遭到refuse， 假装mute， 真是cute.,Consonant Blends,BlBlock, black, blame, bleed, blueFlFlag, flap, float, flee, flyClClock, class, clean, clap, clownGlGlad, glass, globe, glide, glaze,P
27、lPlay, plan, plate, plane, plane, pleaseSlSleep, slip, slave, slide, slam,br, cr, dr, gr, fr, tr, pr, str,BrBride, brick, brave, broke, bridgeCrCrab, cream, creep, cross, cryDrDress, drink, drum, drop, dragonGrGray, grade, grape, grass, green,fr, tr, pr, str,FrFrog, free, from, frank, frameTrTrip, t
28、rain, track, truck, tryPrPrize, pride, pray, price, proudStrStrike, street, stream, string, stroke,Sn, sp, sw, sm, st,SnSnake, snail, snap, snack, snowSpSpot, spin, speak, spell, sparrowSwSwim, sway, sweet, swell, swingSmSmile, small, smell, smoke, smartStStamp, stand, steam, street, step, still, st
29、op, star,ce, ge,CeIce, mice, nice, face, race, dance, since,fence, prince, place, palaceGeAge, cage, page, rage, huge, arge, forge, George, change,Th, sh, ch, wh,ThFather, mother, brother, gather, otherThBath, birth, month, mouth, toothShShe, ship, sheep, shop, shoreCash, wash, dish, wish, push,Ch,
30、ch, wh,ChChick, church, chair, chin, children, changeChCatch, watch, ranch, bench, each, beach, peach, teach, ditch, lunchWhWhale, what, wheel, whether, why, whistle, wheat, when, where, whip,Ou, ow,OuMouth, ouch, out, our, shout, count, found, round, loud, house, mouseOwCow, how, plow, clown, crown
31、, down, town, brown, flower, tower,OuBounce, cloud, sound西瓜round，长在ground，被我found， 一只mouse， 穿件blouse，走进house.OwShow, window, slowly天在snow，风在blow， 树在grow， 秋风follow，树叶yellow， 落到pillow.OwFlower, brown, crowd不知cow, 近况how， 去问now，一座town， 不停down， 快要drown.,Oo, ar,OoBook, cook, hook, look, tookOoGoose, food,
32、 room, moon, toolArBar, car, far, jar, starBark, dark, mark, park, sparkCart, dart, part, chart, start, bard, card, hard, lard, yard,Oo带上hook，来到brook， 水面look， 手拿book，一边look， 开始cook.Oo炎热noon，一个fool， 跳上spoon， 掉进pool，飞到moon，真是cool.Ar开着car， 向着star， 路途far， 想变smart， 必须start， 学习art.,Er, ir, ur,ErMother, fa
33、ther, sister, brother, butter, other, anther, ever, foreverTeacher, hunter, farmer, baker, after, river, tower, flower, summer winterIrFir, sir, stir, bird, third, birth, circle, circusSkirt, shirt, dirt, first, thirst, girl, dirty, firmUrFur, burn, turn, hurt, nurse, purse, turtle, murder, murmur,
34、turkey, purple,ErFarmer, under, sister一个driver, 掉进river，生命over，一个robber，专抢rubber.IrGirl, first, dirty穿上shirt，脱下skirt，扔进dirt，这只bird，总跑third.UrBurn, turkey, turn一个nurse，丢了purse，买只turtle，颜色purple,Or,Born, corn, horn, tornFort, port, sort, short, sportCork, fork, pork, yorkDorm, form, storm, horse, nort
35、h, forth,OrBorn, morning, forty个子short，喜欢sport，跑到airport，拿着port，吃着pork.,ai,AilFail, bail, jail, mail, tail, nail, sail, rail, pailAidLaid, maid, paidThe mail will sail.Pam and Kent sat on the rail.The man paid the maid.The men sail with mail on a pail.Rain, rainThe me ran with pain in the rain.,ay,D
36、ay, gay, hay, lay, play, bay, may, say, clay, ray, way, away, gray, pay.Fay is gay. Fay says, “Let me pay today”.Ray and May play on the hay.He says we have to pay for the clay.Its the day we play at the bay.,ee,Bee, see, fee, treeDeed, heed, feed, seedDeep, keep, sheep, weep, sweepThis is Lee, this
37、 is PeteAnd this is a bee. Lee and Pete feed the bee.Dee is sweet. She will sweep the street at three.He and she need a jeep this week.,EeGreen, feel, sleepy一只bee,躲进tree,没人see,悬崖deep,开着jeep,莫要sleep,ea,Deal, heal, meal, realBeat, feat, neat, weat, meatBean dean, jean, mean, cleanJean and Dean eat bea
38、ns and meat.Jean had a dream. She will be on the team.The sea is in the east.The beach is neat and clean.When will Dean reach the beach.,EaMeal, meat, seat一颗pea，掉进sea，泡壶tea，身体weak，爬上peak，无力speak.EaReady, heavy, deaf吞进lead，摸摸head，已经dead，吃着bread，报纸spread，开始read.,oa,Coat, goat, moat boat, soakLoad, roa
39、d, toadThere is a toad on the road near the moat.The goat is on the road.You can use the soap to wash the coat.The toad is fishing on the boat.,OaSoap,road, roast一只goat，穿件coat，上了boat，一片oat，卡在throat.,Al, oy,All, ball, call, small, talk, walkHall tall, hallwayOyBoy, toyEnjoy, soy milk, soy sauce有个boy，
40、玩着toy，心中joy，跳进soy，尽情enjoy.,au, aw, or, ore, oor, ough,AuAugust, autumn, Laura, PaulAwDraw, law, strawberryOr,ore,oorHorse, north, sport, forty, order, importantMore, store, beforeDoor, floorOughBought, fought, thought,Er, ir, ur, or, ear,OrWord, work, worldEarLearn, heard, early,ea, ie,egBread, head
41、, breakfast, healthy, heavy, sweater, weatherie (e, ee, ea, ie)Field, piece, believe,Ear, eer, ere; Air, ear, ere,Ear, eer, ereDear, ear, hear, near, yearBeer, deer, peerHereAir, ear, ereHair, chairPear, wearWhere, everywhere, there,i, ie, igh, y,ighBright, fight, high night, right, tonightYBy, cry
42、my, shy, why, July,Oi, oy,Oi, oyJoin, voice, noisyBoy, enjoyU, ewFew, newsO, oa, owBlow, bowl, grow, know, show, slow, snowOor, our, urePoor, tour, sure,Gh, ph, gu, ck, qu,ghLaugh, enoughphPhoto, elephant, geographyguGuess, guestckBlack, jacket, clock, sockquQuilt, quite, quarter, question, quickly,
43、 quiet,Kn,ng, wr, ng, nc, nk, wh, tw,KnKnow, knife, kneeNgLong, thing, along, boring, crossing, dumplingWrWrite, wrong, wrapNgLong, thing, along, boring, crossing, dumplingNkBank, drink, thank, think, FrankWhWho, whose, wholeTwTwelve, twin, between , twenty,A story with short sound “a”,The mother ra
44、t and her babies are playing in the garden. A fat cat is coming to catch them for dinner. The mother rat and her babies try to run away. But the baby rats cant run very fast. The cat is getting closer and closer. Suddenly, the mother rat stops running and turns around. She shouts at the cat like an
45、angry dog, “woof, woof, woof.” The cat is afraid and runs away. The mother rat turns to her babies, and says, “You see how important it is to learn a foreign language.,A Lazy Brook: oo,Brook is a lazy boy. One evening, he is reading a story book on the sofa. His mother says to him, “here is some mon
46、ey. Go and get some meat.” “Look, Im busy, mom,” says Brook. So his mother gets the meat. “Brook, here is the meat. Now cook it, please.” “But Im not good at cooking, mom,” Brook answers. So his mother cooks the meat again. After a while, the mother says to Brook, “The meal is ready. Come and eat.”
47、“Yes, mom,” Brook jumps up from the sofa, and says, “I dont like saying no all the time.,Its Raining Now: ow,Mr. Brown sees his son in the garden. He asks, “Tom, what are you doing?” “Im watering the flowers. Mom says we must water the flowers every day, or they will die.” “But its raining now,” Mr.
48、 Brown says. “Oh, it doesnt matter, Dad, I have an umbrella,” Tom answers. “How silly you are,” says Mr. Brown.,A story with long sound “a”,It is part of the game. Mom is washing plates in the kitchen. Kate and her brother Dave are playing games in the living room. Kate is making a lot of noise. Mom
49、 says, “Kate, why do you yell and scream so much? Youre going to wake up your grandma. Please play quietly like Dave. See, he doesnt make a sound.” “Of course, he doesnt. Mom, its part of the game we are playing. He is daddy coming home late, and Im you.”,3p拼读教学模式,1 字母拼读 Phonics of letters目标：26个字母在单
50、词中的读法分级步骤1）字母发本音的情况2）字母还可以发其它音的情况（从辅音字母到元音字母，从感性到理性）,3p拼读教学模式,2 字母组合拼读 Phonics of letter groups目标：学会字母组合发音分级步骤：1）音素感知 （辨认音节）2）字母组合（碰到一个学一个）,3p拼读教学模式,3 音标拼读 Phonics of symbols目标：学会使用音标指导读词分级步骤：1）辅音 （举例或辨认）2）元音 （举例或辨认）3）复习字母组合（避免元音与字母组合的混淆）4）拼读音标（辅音+元音，较容易）5）所学单词的音标拼读（从熟悉的音开始）6）说单词，写音标7）陌生单词的音标拼读8）读单词
