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1、,板块三 写作板块 应用文写作 读后续写/概要写作,一、满分写作不可不知的阅卷老师的秘密,阅卷老师的关注点1阅卷老师首看卷面你必须明白，你的考卷是给阅卷老师看的，让老师看得舒服、方便、清楚，这是非常重要的。不可书写过小、过密或过稀，更不可字迹潦草，乱涂乱改，标点不清。在高强度阅卷中没有谁会辨认书写得乱七八糟的内容，所以你应该呈现一份美观清晰的答卷。,2阅卷老师次抓要点阅卷老师对语言内容描述全面与否要求严格，答题时应找准找全写作要点。同时，要注意文章需条理分明，逻辑结构合理。,3阅卷老师紧盯错误主谓不一致、动词形式(时态和语态)不对、词组搭配不当、句子结构错误、词序不当、关键词用错等都属于大错；
2、小错主要是指常用词的拼写错误，介词、冠词、标点等的错用；3个小错等于1个大错。虽然有些错误被界定为小错误，但却影响得分档次。时间再紧也要认真复查，尽量减少词汇和句式错误。,4阅卷老师眼中的满分卷书写整洁漂亮；覆盖所有要点，内容充实；词汇丰富，文笔流畅，衔接连贯。同样的内容，卷面整齐至少多给35分；如果写得整齐美观而且条理清晰，再多给几分；如果开头和结尾句式高级就可以稳拿满分！,阅卷老师的评分要求1按5个档次给分。评分时，先根据文章内容和语言表达初步确定所属档次，然后以该档次的要求衡量文章，确定或调整档次。2评分时注意的主要内容：内容要点、词汇应用、语法结构是否准确、上下文是否连贯以及语言是否得
3、体。3如书写较差，影响识读，其得分将降低一个档次。,4拼写和标点符号是影响分数的一个方面。英式英语和美式英语拼写及词汇用法均可接受。5内容要点可用不同方式表达，对紧扣主题的适当发挥不予扣分。,板块三 写作板块 应用文写作 读后续写/概要写作,二、提升作文档次的技巧让作文靓起来,(一)要点呈现多样化，适当扩充要点1追加成分 在要点基础上适当增加合乎逻辑的附加成分，如定语(从句)、状语(从句)、非谓语动词、独立主格结构等。不仅增加了词数，而且使表达更清晰、准确，主题更突出。,住在中国十六年，一直学英语。(2019高考全国卷)First of all, having lived in China f
4、or sixteen years and having learnt English since I was a child, I have a good command of English and Chinese, which is beneficial to introducing Chinese paintings.,2补加语句 根据行文走向，适当增加一些与主题相关的语句，或由要点衍生的句子，既能起到前引后联的作用，又能补充一些相关信息，帮助读者理解所写内容。,每一支参赛队伍都非常出色，为比赛做好了准备。(2019高考全国卷)Every participating team is gr
5、eat and ready for the game. It can be predicted that this is a close match（势均力敌的比赛）.,3添加过渡 根据行文或段落需要，在句与句或段与段之间适当增加过渡词语，甚至过渡句，可以使文章浑然一体，同时能充实文章。,first and most important; whats more; in addition; last but not least,话题：对西方绘画艺术感兴趣的原因(2019高考天津卷) Personally，Id want to learn about western painting.Severa
6、l reasons may account for my preference.For one thing，Im interested to learn how western painting has developed into what it is today through history，and the most influential artists in each period of its development.Additionally，Im crazy to learn how to appreciate western paintings，and it cant be b
7、etter if you can tell us some tricks about how to paint.,话题：学生体育运动情况 (2018高考全国卷)I am exceedingly delighted to hear from you. You asked me in your last letter about the physical exercise in our school and the following information may give you a rough sketch.To begin with, a fabulous new stadium has
8、been built, which has become the new landmark in our school. As for me, Im intoxicated with basketball since it has been giving me strength to confront the challenges in my life.All in all, I sincerely invite you to come to our school and see for yourself.,4不忘收尾 书信中“适当的结尾”也是必需的，它不仅符合书信习惯，而且还可增加词数。缺失
9、就会影响文章结构，从而影响得分。书信常用的结束语如下：Im looking forward to ./Looking forward to ./Look forward to .Im waiting for your early reply.Best wishes to you.I would be grateful if you./Id appreciate it if you.,(二)词句表达靓一靓何为高级词汇？众所周知，词汇本来并没有“高低贵贱”之分，但某个词一旦得到使用，放在了具体语境中，使用得极为得当，体现了该词的美妙价值，为句子增色，让文章添彩，它就是高级词汇；相反，使用时体现的价
10、值平平，没有创意，它就是低级词汇。巧用4招，以实现由低级向高级的转化。,1“语”众不同，避免人云亦云 写作时恰当得体地使用别人可能想不到的词汇来表达，会给阅卷老师耳目一新的感觉。 I learn English and Chinese well, which is good for introducing Chinese paintings.I have a good command of English and Chinese, which is beneficial to introducing Chinese paintings.(2019高考全国卷),2更新换代，避免重复 写作时应尽量
11、避免重复使用相同的词语，要用贴切多样的词语来展示自己的水平。用词不同、表达方式迥异，也是高级用法。,The team will hold many activities, some of which will appeal to you, including many matches. The team will hold a range of activities, some of which will appeal to you, including many matches. (2017高考全国卷),3单词与短语巧妙互用 一般情况下短语优先，应多使用词组、习语来代替一些单词，以增加文采。
12、但有时单词比短语更生动，亦可“一词传神”。,However, we should still prepare for the match, and try to be the winner.However, we should still make preparations for the match, and take pains to be the winner.(2019高考全国卷),短语高于单词，尽量用短语替代动词,注意 高级词汇的使用一定要遵循“准确、恰当”的原则，一定要注意词汇使用是否合适，并不一定难词就是高级词汇，例如：一大早我们买了一些圣诞礼物。Early in the mor
13、ning we purchased some Christmas presents. (purchased太过于书面化，改为bought更地道),(三)句式要“高”，句子要“鲜”一、利用复合句式，提升文章档次(一)增加亮点的定语从句1定语从句的应用可以非常有效地提升表达档次，在写作中如果我们可以把两个简单句合并为一个定语从句，就是从低级到高级的表达。,Firstly, the festival will start at 9：00 am.on August 15th，and it will last 3 hours.Firstly, the festival will start at 9：0
14、0 am.on August 15th, which will last 3 hours.(2019高考全国卷),2定语从句有多种形式，引导词也有若干，但最常用、最能增加亮点的是as和which引导的非限制性定语从句以及“介词which”引导的定语从句。,(1)在表达“正如”这一含义时，我们常用as引导的非限制性定语从句。常见的句式有：As we all know./As is known to all.As he pointed out.As we can see from.As the famous saying goes.,As we all know, friendship alway
15、s comes first.(2019高考全国卷),(2)which引导定语从句时，可以指代某个词，也可以指代整个主句。 Further, it is necessary for you to take a good rest, which will provide enough energy for you.(2019高考全国卷),(3)“介词which” 引导的定语从句。 It makes no difference from ordinary voting events, in which candidates go around to seek supports.,(二)吸引眼球的状语
16、从句 在英语写作中，状语从句是经常被用到的，它的灵活运用能使作文更具吸引力。 When it comes to the season I like best, spring will always occur to me in no time. We can set out early so that we will have more time to read and select books.,(三)提升档次的名词性从句1名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。尤其what, that所引导的名词性从句是写作中常见的高级表达方式。,I have good news to t
17、ell you that an outstanding movie will be shown in our campus. (同位语从句)(2018高考全国卷 ) Planning is good as it decides in detail how we do what we want to do.(宾语从句) What we need most are popular science books. (主语从句) Today is what we can hold and make use of.(表语从句),2在写作中我们如果能够把两个简单句合并为一个含有名词性从句的复合句，或者把一个
18、简单句扩展成为含有名词性从句的复合句，对写作都是一种质的升华。 He said a lot at the meeting. His words were very attractive.What he said at the meeting was very attractive. One mans meat is another mans poison.What is one mans meat is another mans poison.,二、常用8大句式，考场驾轻就熟1强调句型,强调句型的使用是为了强调句子的某一成分，其构成为：It is/was被强调部分that/who其他。在写作中
19、，我们可以通过强调句型将句子提高到一个新的层次。,It was with sincerity and faithfulness that we created a harmonious atmosphere.注意被强调的是时间或地点状语时，不要用when或where，而应用that。It was in the park that (不用where) I came across my previous English teacher.,2倒装句 在写作中倒装句应用比较广泛，涉及的句型也比较多，包括部分倒装和全部倒装。常见的有：(1)“only状语(从句)”置于句首时，句子用部分倒装。 Only
20、in this way can we students study happily and effectively.,(2)由none, neither, nor, not, never, hardly, little, seldom等否定词，以及no构成的否定短语如at no time, by no means等置于句首时，句子用部分倒装。 Not only does it affect our daily life, but it also puts peoples lives at risk.,(3)在so/such . that .结构中，当so/such .位于句首时，其后的句子用部
21、分倒装。 So excited was I that I couldnt wait to try my hand at riding it.,(4)由here, there, now, then, out, in, up, down, on the wall, in the room等表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词短语置于句首，且主语是名词而不是代词时，句子用全部倒装。 In that picture, around the table with three books on it sit three students.在写作中，我们可以通过倒装让句子更高级。,3省略句 省略句的应用可以使句
22、子更简洁明快。写作中主要用到的有状语从句的省略和不定式to后成分的省略。 If (it is) not, let me know what time suits you best. As (it is) scheduled, it will be held on the playground from 5 pm.to 8 pm.next Sunday.(2019高考全国卷),4虚拟语气 写作中虚拟语气的使用可以使表达更委婉，更具可读性。写作中常见的有以下几种：(1)wish型虚拟语气 Besides, I wish there wouldnt be too many students in a
23、 class.(2)if only型虚拟语气 If only I could go back and reset my goals.,(3)Its (high/about) time (that) .型虚拟语气 It is high time that both children and parents took/should take action to make small changes.,5非谓语动词 写作中非谓语动词的应用标志着写作水平上升了一个档次，写作中常用到的是非谓语动词作状语和定语。,(1)非谓语动词作状语 To get some working experience, I
24、plan to find a parttime job in a foreign capital company. So Im writing you a letter, hoping to get your guide and suggestions. Faced with difficulties, we need friends to give us comfort and help.,(2)非谓语动词作定语 It carries articles written by foreign friends about the cultures of their home countries.
25、,6with复合结构 with复合结构可以使文章简洁紧凑，一篇文章如果能恰当地使用一两个with复合结构，可以使文章增色不少。 Moreover, with the stadium set up, a wide range of sports events are able to be held.(2018高考全国卷) With English words getting popular in both media and daily life, a Chinese dictionary has included 239 of them.,7并列句型 并列句型是用连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连
26、接起来，在这一句型中要注意连接并列主语时，有些句型采取“就近原则”。写作中常用到的有以下几种：,(1)while表示对比关系，意为“然而，可是” It is beneficial to some people, while it puts others into a dilemma over whether to vote or not.(2)not only.but (also).“不仅而且” It is believed that the movie will be not only meaningful but also interesting. (2018高考全国卷),(3)not.b
27、ut.“不是，而是” To be honest, voters sometimes feel annoyed, not because they hate voting, but because they are divided between emotion and fairness.,8it句型 it的应用可以使句子更平衡，更符合英语习惯。常见的有以下几种：(1)it作形式主语 Everyone in our society should help those in need, but it is more important to be sincere and earnest（认真、热心
28、）.,(2)it作形式宾语 And you also should keep it in mind that comparing notes with your classmates frequently is a good way to improve your study.(3)it在某些固定句式中的应用 I would appreciate it if you could agree to my request.(2019高考全国卷),(四)衔接要“巧”，过渡要“妙”创造良好开端常用开头词汇 表示“启”的词汇常用在段落或文章的开头，用于开篇引出扩展句。常见的词汇有：first/first
29、ly, first of all, at first, in the first place, above all, to begin/start with, today, now, nowadays, at present, currently, recently, generally speaking, according to等。,First of all, we must make full use of every 45minute lesson.Nowadays/Recently, people in many big cities are complaining about th
30、e heavy traffic.In the first place, she can read at the rate of 100 words a minute.To begin/start with, smoking should be banned in public areas.,As the proverb says/As the saying goes, “Time is money.”With the development of the Internet, computers play an important role in peoples life.It goes wit
31、hout saying that it pays to keep early hours.There is no denying that successful business lies in a healthy body and mind.It is believed that health is above wealth.,常用开头句式,满分作文选粹,First and foremost, the competition to be held in our school stadium will begin at 2 pm.and last for roughly 3 hours.(20
32、19高考全国卷)Id like to ask you to write an article for our schools English newspaper.First of all, Id like to know when the class will start and how many students there will be in a class.As is known to all, shoes play an important role in our life, for it can protect our feet from being hurt.,顺势承上启下常用顺
33、承词汇 表示“承”的词汇常用于承接主题句或第一个扩展句。常见的词汇有：second/secondly, also, besides, in addition, soon afterwards, after that, whats more, furthermore, moreover, whats worse, still less, to make matters worse, worse still, for example, in other words, especially, particularly, obviously, meanwhile, at the same time等。
34、,Besides, developing a good habit of learning can help you improve your learning effectively.Whats more, good books can help us to develop good characters.In addition, we shouldnt neglect that everyone wants a friendly and peaceful society. Meanwhile/At the same time, I will regard it as my duty to
35、keep our environment clean and healthy.,What is more serious is that we dont cherish wildlife.As far as I am concerned, they stand for love, friendship and unity.,常用顺承句式,To begin with, according to our tradition, you are supposed to arrive early, so that you can help the family prepare the dinner, w
36、hich is not only meaningful but also interesting. Besides, youd better bring some gifts, such as a special food or drink from your country. Whats more, when you are enjoying the meal, you need to avoid making noises while chewing food.(2018高考全国卷),满分作文选粹,Worse still, I dont even know much about the w
37、ord and format（格式） of the enclosure（附件）. In addition, sitting on the grass and enjoying the tasty food and drinks provided by sponsors, we will be fully absorbed in the attractive and fascinating performances.(2019高考全国卷),巧妙转折过渡常用转折词汇 表示“转”的词汇常用来表示不同或相反的意见或情况。常见的词汇有：but, yet, however, while, otherwis
38、e, or (else), on the contrary, on the other hand, contrary to, in any case, though, although, as, even if/though, despite, in spite of, regardless of等。,Finally, the horse calmed down, but we seemed to get lost, unable to go back to the mountain road. (2018高考浙江卷)On the other hand, online shopping als
39、o has many disadvantages.On the contrary, the volunteers always claim that they are tired of the life on earth.Contrary to what I had originally said, the trip turned out to be fun.,Whatever/No matter what you say, he wont believe you.Whether you believe it or not, it is true.,常用转折句式,满分作文选粹 However,
40、 a plan can bear no fruit without being actually carried out. Otherwise well have to answer for our selfishness sooner or later.,完美结束全文常用结尾词汇 表示“合”的词汇常用于总结上文的内容，引导最后一个扩展句或引导结尾句表示段落的结束。常见的词汇有：finally, last but not least, in short, in brief, in conclusion, in a/one word, to sum up, all in all, on the
41、whole, in general等。,All in all, I sincerely invite you to come to our school and see for yourself.(2018高考全国卷)In conclusion, a good citizen should observe traffic regulations.On the whole, I find a bike more enjoyable than a motorcycle.,In a word, success is important, and so is failure, because its
42、the mother of success.To sum up, environmental protection is of great importance, which can make us live more comfortably and healthily.,Id appreciate it if you could deliver them as soon as possible.It is high time that we did something to prevent the environment from being polluted.We can, therefo
43、re, come to the conclusion that nothing is so precious as peace in the world.,常用结尾句式,To sum up, I wish you could live up to the expectations of our school.(2019高考全国卷)In a word, I like everything in spring, especially the feelings bathed in the rain and sunshine.In short, Internet voting, to some ext
44、ent, is unfair, if not immoral, and cannot be trusted.Therefore, I hold a positive attitude towards online voting.,满分作文选粹,Finally, I would like to ask a few questions about his personal life, which must be very interesting.Last but not least, health is also very significant for us students.,Homework
45、,1.预习优化探究P67页-72页2.整理笔记，认真总结这节课所学知识3.自己选择性的写作一篇应用文,板块三 写作板块 应用文写作 读后续写/概要写作,三、应用文高分写作攻略让作文得满分,(一)普通书信/电子邮件题型技法 英文电子邮件和普通书信的写法和格式大体相同，其开头、结尾常常都会给出，正文可根据题目要求分段把内容表达清楚即可。具体写作结构为：,增分佳句1吸引阅卷人开头句(1)Thanks for your invitation to the Christmas party.谢谢你邀请我参加圣诞晚会。(2)How are you getting along with your study?
46、你近来学习进展怎样？(3)I am very glad/delighted/happy to have received the letter you sent me two weeks ago.我非常高兴收到你两周前寄给我的信。,2吸引阅卷人篇中句(1)Im very glad to tell you something about.我很高兴告诉你一些关于的事情。(2)As far as I know/am concerned/can see.据我所知,3吸引阅卷人结尾句(1)Please write to me soon and tell me about your.请马上写信给我，告诉我
47、关于你的(2)Im looking forward to your reply.我盼望着你的回复。,(二)建议信题型技法 建议信是生活中常见的一种文体，是写信人向收信人对某事提出的建议或忠告。建议信要写得简明扼要、目的明确，具有合理性和说服力。具体写作结构为：,建议信文章结构六件套,1.首段：背景介绍，写信目的2.主体：具体建议，建议理由3.尾段：总结语句，期待祝福,增分佳句1吸引阅卷人开头句(1)You have asked for my advice about . and I will try to make some useful suggestions here.关于你向我征求意见，
48、在此，我尽量提出一些有用的建议。(2)Im sorry to know/learn that you are having trouble with/in doing . at the moment.得知此刻你遇到麻烦我深感遗憾。,(3) I have received your letter in which+完整句I have received your letter in which/where you mentioned you had trouble adjusting to your high school life,(4) I hope the following suggest
49、ions will be helpful/beneficial to you.,2吸引阅卷人篇中句(1)I think the most suitable.for you is.我认为对你来说最适合的是(2)I would like to suggest that.我想建议(3)Youd better./Its better to.你最好/最好是,3吸引阅卷人结尾句(1)I believe you will take my advice into account/consideration seriously.我相信你会认真考虑我的建议的。(2)I hope you will find the
50、se suggestions useful/helpful.我希望这些建议/意见对你来说有用/帮助。,试写满分作文 假定你是Lynn。你的朋友李华来信告诉你他即将上大学，可是他妈妈担心他还不会独立生活，他不知该如何消除妈妈的顾虑。请给李华回一封信，内容包括：1多与母亲沟通；2证明自己已经长大。注意：1.词数80左右，信的格式已给出，不计入总词数；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。,满分作文第一步：“三定”审题，“一列”谋篇,建议信,第二人称,一般现在时和一般将来时,多与母亲沟通，证明自己已经,长大，共担家务,满分作文第二步：斟酌词句，设计亮点1_ to worry about your newl
