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1、第一讲：谓语动词,第三节：虚拟语气 主讲：Anne,重 点,一、明显虚拟条件句(if条件句)二、含蓄虚拟条件句（特殊词和结构）三、Should+动词原形,英语的动词一般有三种不同的语气：陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气。不同的语气用动词的不同形式来表示。,陈述语气用来陈述一个事实，或提出一个想法，有肯定、否定、疑问或感叹等形式。,祈使语气用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等。,虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测，是与客观事实相反的主观设想。,If I were you, I would not leave her alone.,I got up early thi
2、s morning.,Dont touch anything on the table until the bell rings.,陈述语气,虚拟语气,祈使语气,判断：以下句子使用何种语气,一、if条件句,条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句,真实条件句使用陈述语气，表示假设的情况有可能发生,非真实条件句使用虚拟语气，表示假设的情况不可能发生, 或者可能性很小,If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.,If it rains tomorrow, well stay at home.,非真实条件句,真实条件句,判断：以
3、下句子是真实条件句还是非真实条件句,If +过去式, would do,If I were you, I would try it again.,1. 如果我是你，我会再试一次。,2.如果我有一百万美元，我会买下这架飞机。,If I had one million dollars, I would buy the plane.,一、与现在事实相反,I would ask George to lend us the money if I _ him.had known B. have known C. knew D. know,C,If +had done, would+have done,If
4、 he had worked hard, he would have passed the exam.,如果他努力学的话，他就通过这次考试了。,二、与过去事实相反,1. If Bob _ with us, he would have had a good time.A. would come B. would have come C. had come D. came,C,三、与将来事实相反,If he came/ were to come/ should come here tomorrow, I would tell him.,如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他.,If + did/were t
5、o do/should do, would do,1. If you _tomorrow, you _ find the new manager working in the office.,should come; would would come; wouldC. will come; should D. comes; might,. -If he _, he _that food. -Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.,A. was warned; would not have takenB. had been warned;
6、 would not have takenC. would be warned; had not takenD. would have been warned; had not taken,. If my lawyer _here last Sunday, he _ me from going .,A. had been; would have preventedB. had been; would preventC. were; would prevent D. were; would have prevented,1) If you _ (be) in my place, you woul
7、d do the same thing.2) If I had learned English well, I _ (be) able to talk with native speakers.3) If you _ (visit) our school tomorrow, you would see how beautiful it is.,4、用括号里的动词的正确形式填空,were,would have been,visited/should visit/were to visit,If条件句中的应用,had done,did/were,1. did,would have done,wou
8、ld do,2. were to do,3. should do,四、当if被省略的时候：在虚拟条件句中，如果含有were, had, should, 可将if省略然后，将were, had, should放在主语前，构成倒装句式。,Were I you, I would try it again.,2. If he had been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.,Had he been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.,1. If I were you, I would t
9、ry it again.,3. If it should snow tomorrow, we wouldnt go out.,Should it snow tomorrow, we wouldnt go out.,EXERCISE,_ the advice of his friends, he would not have suffered such a heavy loss in his business.If he took B. If he should takeC. Were he to take D. Had he taken2. _, I should ask them some
10、questions.Should they come to usIf they come to usWere they come to usHad they come to us3. _ you were busy, I wouldnt have bothered you with my questions.If I realizedHad I realized Did I have realized that As I realized,D,A,B,含蓄条件句,有时假设的情况不用if从句，而是通过其他方式表现出来，这种句子叫含蓄虚拟条件句,without, but for, or, othe
11、rwise, with, under等词经常出现在含蓄虚拟条件句中,一、含蓄词,1. But for the storm I would have arrived much earlier.,2. Without the storm I would have arrived much earlier.,3. She came here yesterday, otherwise /or I would not have met her.,4. I would have attended the meeting, but I have been too busy.,5. Without you,
12、I would never know him.,7. I would be most glad to help you, but I am busy now.,6. But for your cooperation, we wouldnt have done the work so well.,8. I am busy now, otherwise I would do you the favor!,用括号里的动词的正确形式填空1. I _ (come) to your party, but I didnt have time.2. Without electricity, human lif
13、e _ (be) different.,would have come,would be,二、含蓄句型,1.Wish that1)与现在事实相反 : wish + (that)+did(were) I wish I were as healthy as you.I wish that I had a plane.2)与过去事实相反 : wish + (that)+had doneI wish I had been to the concert last night.I wish you had written to him.3)与将来事实相反 : wish + would+doI wish h
14、e would forgive me.,Exercises:,1. “ Have you visited the Science Museum?” “ No, but I really wish I _.”,A. had B. did C. have D. will,2. I didnt go to the party, but I do wish I _ there.,A. was B. were C. had been D. went,3. Tom can take his car apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish
15、 he _me how.,A. teaches B. will teach C. has taught D. would teach,2. would rather + did,1. I would rather you _ (pay) me now.,2. I would rather you _ (come) tomorrow.,paid,came,3. I would rather you _ (not tell) her the news yesterday.,hadnt told,3. If only,1. If only I _ (know) his name now!2. If
16、only we _ (follow) your advice last time!3. If only I _ (see) him again next year!,knew,had followed,saw,现在和将来:,过去时,过去:,过去完成时,4. Its (about/high) time +that -,过去时,我们该去睡觉了。,Its time that we went to bed.,考题点击：It is time that you _ the whole book.A.must go over B.can go overC.went over D.have gone over
17、,C,5. as if, as though引导的状语从句现在、将来：用过去时； 过去：用过去完成时;It seems as if the man were his brother.This device operated as though it had been repaired.,1. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _.,A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken,2. The actor is 58 years old.
18、 But he acts as if he _ a young man.,A. is B. will be C. am D. were,3. The clouds are getting darker and darker. It looks as if it _rain.,A. is going to B. will C. was going to D. would,4. We felt as if we _ each other for years.A.knew B.were knowingC.had known D.have knowing,5. He talks as if he _e
19、verything in the world.A.knows B.knewC.had known D.would have known,Should do,1. It is that（should）do,1. 过去分词,过去分词：suggested, requested, ordered, proposed,It is required that nobody (should) smoke here.Its suggested that everybody (should) buy a dictionary.,2. 形容词形容词:important, necessary, natural, r
20、ight, wrong, better,proper, funny, strange, surprising,It is necessary that we (should ) have a walk now.Its important that we (should) take good care of the patient.,3. 名词（ a pity/a shame/ no wonder）,考题点击：Is it necessary that he _ the examination?A. takes B. has to takeC. must take D. take2. It is
21、strange that he _ you this.A. would tell B. should tell C. had told D. has told3.It was ordered that no smoking _ in the library.A. should allow B. be allowedC. will be allowed D. is allowed,D,B,B,1. It is important that we (master) a foreign language.2. It is a pity that you (be) so careless. 3. It
22、s necessary that we (study) hard.,( should ) master,should be,should study,2. 坚持，命令，建议 一个坚持，两个命令， 三个建议，四个要求,1). insist,2). order, command,3). advise, suggest, propose,4). demand, require, request, desire,1. I dont think it advisable that Tom _to the job since he has no experienceA. Be assigned B. is
23、 assigned C. Will be assigned D. has been assigned,C,A,3. The doctor advised that Mr. Malan _ an operation right away so as to save his life.A. had B. would have C. have D. was going to have,2. His mother insisted that he _ the coat when going out.A. Put on B. puts on C. To put D. putting on,A,考题点击：
24、4.His suggestion that you _ once more sounds reasonable. A. try B. tries C. must try D. can try5.He gave an advice that they _ each other. A. helped B. must help C. help D. had helped6.My suggestion is that a few more people _ there to help me.A. be sent B. have sent C. sent D. should sent,A,C,A,1）i
25、nsist 表示一个主张或一种看法，用虚拟语气；表示一个事实，用陈述语气。,Mike insisted that he _ never _ (steal) anything.Mike insisted that he _ (leave) for London now.,注意：,had,stolen,should leave,2）suggest作“表明，暗示”时，用陈述语气；作“建议”时，用虚拟语气。,His pale face suggested that he _ (be) ill.He suggested that we _ (finish) it before dark.,was,(sh
26、ould) finish,3. lest, for fear that和in case 1. She closed the windows lest she catch cold.2. He took away the oxygen tank for fear that it _. may explore B. exploded C. explode D. had explode,C,考题点击：,1.I went to bed early last night,but I wish I so.A. didnt do B. hadnt done C. havent done D. couldnt
27、 do 2.How I wish every family _a large housewith a beautiful garden.A. has B. had C. will had D. had had 3. The teacher ordered that students_.A. mustnt smoke B. not smokeC. smoked D. had smoked4.The teacher demanded that the work _ before4 oclock.A. finished B. finishC. should finish D. be finished,B,B,B,D,Thank you,
