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1、主语的选择,What is the subject for each sentence of translation?,星期天早晨他的身体状况仍未好转。我们期望在不久的将来中国人能受到更好的教育。现代工业需要大量蒸汽。一位年轻的工程师设计了这种世界上最快的飞机。第一架喷汽式客机1952年在英国开始飞行。附近的孩子免费上这所学校。新的一年才过了一个月，经济改革又出现了新的高潮。,Professor Li is a substitute for the teacher who is ill in hospital. His attitude toward the matter is one of
2、indifference.Social customs are usually different from country to country.It was so cold that my fingers went numb.The sick child has been absent from class for several days. Her mother worried about her studies very much.The opinions of the attendants were far from unanimous about the issue so that
3、 some of them began to quarrel with each other. The atmosphere at the meeting became tense at the moment.The machine has broken down, so one of the technicians must be fetched. Recently there has been a trend toward simpler fashions in modern mens clothes.,The translations:,Sunday morning found him
4、still unwell.It is our anticipation that the Chinese people will get a better education in the near future.Large quantities of steam are required by modern industry.This kind of airplane , the fastest in the world, was designed by a young engineer.Britain saw the first jet airliner in 1952.Admission
5、 to this school is free to children from the neighborhood.The new year was barely one month old when it witnessed the latest flourish of the economic reform.,1. 李教授代替生病住院的教师上课。2. 他对这件事情漠不关心。3. 不同国家的社会习俗往往大相径庭。4. 天气真冷，我的手指都失去了知觉。5. 那个生病的孩子已经几天没上学了，她妈妈很担心她的学习。6. 与会者对这个问题的观点差别太大，以致发生了争吵，一时会场的气氛紧张起来。7.
6、这台机器坏了，必须请一位技术人员马上修好。8. 现代男性服装近来趋向于更加简单的款式。,确定主语时，应遵循以下原则：1必须符合英语的语言习惯；2必须符合英美人的思维习惯；3必须是句中应该突出的信息；4必须符合句中的逻辑关系；5必须符合上下文行文的需要。,Translate the following sentences:,你的教学科研都取得了长足的进步，但不能因此而骄傲。任何新生事物的成长都是要经过艰难曲折的。他做实验时心不在焉，几乎引起化学药物爆炸。我看21世纪英语报很吃力，你呢？一想到要出国深造，他就激动不已。他只要听到几句恭维话就会得意忘形。她的嗓音很清亮。这篇小说的特点是描写比较生动。
7、,You have made good progress in teaching and researching but you should not get conceited and arrogant.New things always have to experience difficulties and setbacks as they grow.His absent-mindedness during the experiment nearly caused an explosion of the chemical.My English is not good enough/Its
8、very difficult for me to read/I have great difficulties in reading the English newspaper The 21th Century. What about you?He felt greatly excited at the thought of going abroad for further study./The idea that he would go abroad for further study made him greatly excited.A little flattery would set
9、him carried away./He would be carried away just by a little flattery.She has a clear voice.This novel is characterized by lively/vivid description.,没听说武汉是长江三大火炉之一吗？必须保证八小时睡眠。地下埋藏着大量的金银铜铅。真正了解，才能相信。不经一事，不长一智。弄得不好就会前功尽弃。近年来，中泰两国国民经济发展迅速，为两国的经济，贸易合作提供了良好的合作基础。,Dont you know that Wuhan is one of the thr
10、ee “ovens” along the Changjaing River?Eight hours sleep must be guaranteed.Hidden underground is a wealth of gold, silver, copper and lead./There is a wealth of gold, silver, copper and lead hidden underground.Trust comes out of real understanding.You cant gain knowledge without practice./Wisdom com
11、es from experience.If things are not properly handled, our/your labor will be totally lost.,15. A) In recent years the national economies of China and Thailand have quickly developed, providing a good foundation for economic and trade cooperation between the two countries. B) Recent years have witne
12、ssed the rapid development of the national economies in China and Thailand, which has prepared for good economic and trade cooperation between the two countries. C) China and Thailand, with the rapid development of their national economies in recent years, have laid a good foundation for their econo
13、mic and trade cooperation. D) The rapid development of the national economies of China and Thailand in recent years has laid a sound foundation for economic and trade cooperation between the two countries.,在历史上，由于长江不断改道在武汉地区形成了众多的湖泊。从本周开始，学生宿舍的客访不得迟于晚十时，周末不得迟于晚十时半。热烈欢迎世界各地客商来此进一步加强合作，建立和发展贸易关系。我给你打国
14、际直拨就跟给楼下的李姐打电话差不多，一拨就通。他过去的那副尊容，只要你见过一次，无论什么时候你都不会忘记。,The constant change of the course of the Changjiang River in history helped form a great many lakes in the areas around Wuhan.Starting from this week, dorm residents shant be able to have guests after 10 p.m. on week nights or 10:30 p.m. on weeke
15、nd.Customers from various countries and regions are warmly welcome to establish and develop business contacts.An international phone call to you is as easy as a call to Sister Li downstairs.He had a face that once you saw is never forgotten.,Compare the following versions:,1. 世纪之交，中国外交空前活跃。A. The tu
16、rn of the century finds China most active on the diplomatic arena.B. At the turn of the century, China is very active in its diplomatic activities. 2. 一九六四年十月中国爆炸了第一颗原子弹，使世界大为震惊。A. Chinas first atomic blast in October, 1964 was a great shock to the rest of the world.B. In October, 1964, China blaste
17、d its first atomic bomb, which shocked the rest of the world greatly. 3. 一阵风吹过，孩子打了个喷嚏。A. As a sudden breeze came, the child sneezed.B. A sudden breeze made the child sneeze.,4. 他心直口快，总是愿意和任何人交朋友，所以很快就赢得了大家都信任。A. His outspokenness and readiness to make friends with anyone soon won their trust.B. He
18、was very outspoken and always ready to make friends with anyone, so he won their trust. 5. 中国的富强和发展不会对任何国家构成威胁。A. A strong, prosperous and developed China will pose no threat to any countries.B. The strength, prosperity and development of China will pose no threat to any countries.6. 轻纺工业产品的花色品种增多，质
19、量继续有所提高。A. The designs and variety of light industrial and textile products have increased and quality has continued to improve.B. Light industry and textile products are now available in better designs and quality and richer variety.,7. 当前，祖国内地和香港的发展都处在一个新的历史起点上。我们既面临着难得的发展机遇，也面临着严峻挑战。A. We are now
20、 standing at the new historical juncture in the development of both mainland and Hong Kong and are facing rare opportunities of development and grave challenges.B. Both the mainland and Hong Kong are now at a new historical starting line in their development endeavor. We face both rare opportunities
21、 of development and grave challenges. 8. 中国民族多数是性情中正和平、淡泊、朴实，比西方人容易满足。A. The deposition of most Chinese people are unbiased, peaceful, unworldly and guileless, and they are easier to be satisfied than Westerners. B. In comparison with Westerners, the Chinese people, easier to be satisfied, are mostl
22、y unbiased, peaceful, unworldly and guileless.,Improve the following subjects:,1. 为了维持生计，有沉重和繁琐的家务要干。不少家庭主妇被家务活累坏了身体。In order to make a living, there is a lot of heavy housework. As a result, many housewives break down.2. 那天晚上底天色不大好，可是爹爹也到来，实在很难得！The sky color of that evening was not good, but dad c
23、ame too, which was quite rare! 3. 学习的敌人是自己的满足，要认真学习一点东西，必须从不自满开始。The enemy of study is complacency. Learning something seriously must begin from not being complacent.4. 人们认为他翻译的这首诗不忠于原文。He was not regarded faithful in his translation of this poem.5. 五年前的一个冬夜，下了好大的雪。A heavy snow fell one winter night
24、 five years ago.,The improved versions:,1. In order to make a living, many housewives have to do a lot of heavy housework so that they finally break down.2. It looked like rain that evening, yet, to our great joy, Father came nevertheless.3. Complacency is the enemy of study. We cannot really learn
25、anything until we rid ourselves of complacency.4. His translation of this poem was regarded unfaithful.5. It snowed heavily one winter night five years ago.,汉语是有悠久历史的语言。用来记录汉语的是方块汉字。方块汉字的特点是跨时代、跨地域，不与统一的语音相联系。同一个汉字，不同的时代、不同地区的人，虽然写法相同，理解相同，但读音却可以完全不同。这就是说，看得懂看不懂是关键，而听得懂听不懂则无关大体。Chinese is a language
26、 with a long history. It uses square-shaped characters to record things. Square-shaped characters are featured by their use in different times and different places, and their independence of pronunciation. A character can be pronounced differently by people from different times or regions, though the shape and meaning are the same. That is to say, the key point is they are used for reading, and it does not matter how you pronounce them.,
